Brief introduction of the author
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Lu You (1125-1210) was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Patriotic poets in Southern Song Dynasty. Father Lu Zai is an intellectual with patriotic thoughts. Family education made Lu You set up the thought of worrying about the country and the people and the ambition of killing the enemy and serving the country from an early age. He studied tirelessly since he was a child, and he was able to write poetry at the age of twelve. He also studied sword and art of war. Around the age of twenty-five, he learned a lot from a patriotic poet, and he benefited a lot. From then on, the patriotic tone of his poetry creation was determined. Throughout his life, he used poetry as a weapon, repeatedly calling for national reunification and expressing strong patriotic feelings. He actively advocated anti-gold, but was slandered by the capitulators in power and was finally ousted. Nevertheless, Lu You's belief in recovering the Central Plains remains unchanged.
Other works
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There are Collected Works of Weinan, Poems of Jiannan, Notes of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes of the Old Learning Temple, Travel Notes of Shanxi Village, Encountering Light Rain at Jianmen Road, Illness, Guan Shanyue, Sleeping in Shuicun Village, Book Anger, Early Spring Rain in Lin 'an and Autumn Night.
His five poems are: Bu Operator (by the broken bridge outside the post), Night Tour Palace (when the snow clears), Confession of Love (when Wan Li is looking for a seal), Queqiao Fairy (when the eaves are quiet) and Hairpin Phoenix (with bare hands); One of his articles: The Story of Traveling to Xiaogushan.
A masterpiece handed down from ancient times
Original poem
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I am lying in a lonely village/I don't feel sorry for myself, I still think about my country/guard the wheel platform.
Sleep at night/wind and rain iron horse glacier/dream.
translate
I lay flat in the lonely and desolate country and didn't feel sad.
Still thinking about defending the country.
Late at night, I was lying in bed and heard the sound of wind and rain.
I dreamt in a daze that I rode an armored horse across the frozen river and went to the northern battlefield.
Jiāng: Lying upright. ② Don't feel sorry for yourself: Don't feel sorry for yourself ③ Guard the wheel platform: guard the edge (jiāng). Luntai, a place name of the Western Regions in Han Dynasty, is now located in luntai county, Xinjiang. Here generally refers to the frontier defense stronghold in the north. ④ midnight (lán): late at night. ⑤ Iron horse: A war horse in armor.
Writing background
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This poem was written in the third year of Shaoxi in Song Guangzong (A.D. 1 192), when the poet was 67 years old and lived in his hometown of Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). The original poem * * *, choose the second one here. Compared with the poet's other poems for the aged, this poem is unique in writing. Its main feature is to express feelings in dreams. Before Lu You, there were many excellent poems about dreams. Li Bai's poem "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream" depicts a fantastic and colorful dream. Du Fu's poem "Two Dreams of Li Bai" describes the poet's dream of parting and friendship with Li Baixing. Su Shi's poem Jiangchengzi (Ten Years of Life and Death) describes the poet's dream of mourning his dead wife. The dreams in Lu You's poems are mostly patriotic dreams. There are nearly a hundred poems about dreams in Lu You's "Poems of Jian Nan". In the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Yi once commented on Lu You's poems in Volume 6 of Ou Bei Shi Hua: "That is, if you remember dreams, there are 99 complete works." Life is as calm as a dream! There must be a poem without a title, so I entrust it to my dream. "This commentary believes that Lu You's poems and dreams are not all portrait dreams, and some belong to dreams and dreams. This is quite insightful In fact, Lu You's poems record dreams, some are portrait dreams, and more are dreams and nostalgia. Of course, it does not rule out both. This song 1 1 The Wind and Rain on the 4th of April seems to be a work that depicts dreams as well as dreams.
Make an appreciative comment
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This is a patriotic poem written by Lu You, who is nearly seventy years old, lying in a cold quilt on a stormy cold night, supporting his aging body.
The first two sentences of this poem directly express the poet's own feelings. "Sleeping stiff" tells the poet's old feelings, while "lonely village" shows a state of isolation, which is extremely "stiff" and "lonely". Why not "feel sorry for yourself"? Because the poet's passion for patriotism has reached the level of selflessness, he no longer pays attention to personal health and living environment, but has the spirit of "thinking for the country and guarding the wheel platform". However, he doesn't know that the reality is cruel and independent of human will. All he can do is "think". These two sentences focus on the word "thinking", which shows the poet's unswerving ambition to serve the country and his concern for the country and the people!
The last two sentences are the deepening of the first two sentences, which are vividly written around the word "dream" The poet's concern for national affairs led to the dream of a military campaign, which reappeared his ambition of "guarding the wheel platform" in the form of a dream. Dreaming reflects the sadness of political reality: the poet's desire to serve the country was rejected, and he could not kill the enemy. His feelings of protecting the enemy could only be reflected in his dreams. However, the poet "has no self-pity", but his heart of serving the country and killing the enemy is even stronger. I think about it every day and dream every night. Therefore, the dream of "Tiema Glacier" fully shows the poet's strong patriotic thoughts and feelings.
Related teaching plan
design principle
Poetry teaching focuses on guiding students to appreciate the beauty of artistic conception, language and rhythm of poetry. In the process of slow singing and silent recitation, we can feel the thoughts and feelings expressed by the authors through the external objective image, appreciate their beautiful artistic conception created by highly concise language, express their inner sadness, and grasp the rhyme, beat, pause, the priority of tone, the strength of voice and the twists and turns of language flow, thus cultivating the mind, temperament and literary interest. Reading aloud is a good way to teach poetry. The kind of reading that is good at pouring strong feelings can not only make us realize the desolation of "landless-Sha Ou"; It can also remind us of the boldness of Su Shi and Li Bai. ...
Typical, incarnation
Teaching objectives:
1. Recite poems and experience the poet's deep patriotic feelings.
2. Deeply understand famous sentences and cultivate students' ability to taste language and appreciate poetry.
3. Strengthen cooperative learning and develop good habits of independence, inquiry and communication.
Teaching focus:
1. Understand the connotation of poetry, accurately grasp the emotion in poetry, and truly recite poetry with emotion.
2. Deeply understand famous sentences and cultivate students' ability to taste language and appreciate poetry.
Teaching difficulties:
1. Read poetry with true feelings.
2. Deeply understand famous sentences.
Class arrangement: 2 class hours (40 minutes ×2)
Teaching methods and means: discussion and communication, multimedia teaching, slides, background music, etc.
Teaching content and steps:
first kind
Teaching focus:
1. Read four poems repeatedly, and combine with the understanding of the poet's life experience and writing background to accurately understand the profound patriotic feelings in the poems.
2. Recite poems with emotion.
Teaching difficulty: really recite poems with emotion.
Introduce new lessons first, and check the accumulation before class.
1. Introduction.
2. Student activities:
Please raise your hand and list 1 examples of famous patriotic celebrities in China or their patriotic deeds.
3. Cut into this lesson and make clear the goal: learn to read poetry with emotion, deeply understand the ideological theme of poetry, and learn to appreciate famous sentences. [Slide shows the learning objectives of this course]
Second, read aloud with music, and feel and further understand the patriotic feelings expressed by the four ancient poems.
1. Model reading:
1) Multimedia pictures, poems and music reading.
2) Student activities: quietly appreciate, correct pronunciation and pronunciation, correctly grasp the rhythm of reading poetry, and think about the questions raised by the teacher.
2. Group discussion and exchange:
1) How do four poems express the poet's thoughts and feelings? how do you know [projection]
2) Student activities: 4 people in groups, express their opinions and try to make the other party accept them. If the other party doesn't accept it, try to refute it.
Note: The reasons or rebuttals should be based on evidence.
3. Organize class exchanges.
1) student activities: each group recommends a representative to speak in the class.
2) Teachers timely comment and guide. Insert slide projection in communication and introduce background materials to help students understand the writing background, the poet's life experience and correctly understand the connotation of poetry. ]
Third, replay the music recitation, and the students will do it according to their own emotions.
1).
2) Teacher's summary: Poetry is the product of passion, and people without strong feelings can't read poetry well. To read poetry well with emotion, we must do the following two things: correctly understand the theme of poetry and deeply understand the poet's feelings; Take a variety of reading methods to fully mobilize their passion.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) course summary:
In this class, we understand the ideological content of four poems through discussion and communication, and learn to read aloud with emotion. I hope students will practice more in the future and form a good habit of reading poems.
Teaching focus:
1. Read repeatedly to further deepen the understanding of the theme of poetry.
2. Taste the patriotic affection between the lines of poetry and improve the ability to appreciate ancient poetry.
3. In the process of accumulation, comprehension and application, arouse the enthusiasm of loving hometown and serving the motherland.
Teaching difficulties: taste famous sentences and experience the true feelings.
Teaching process:
First, review old knowledge and introduce new lessons.
Play Zhang Mingmin's song My China Heart before class to create a good classroom learning atmosphere. ]
1 1 There was a storm on the 4th of the month.
I lay sprawled in my lonely country, not feeling sad about my situation, but thinking about defending the frontier of the country. The word "sleeping in a lonely village" describes the poet's situation at that time: old age, long illness and inaction. But "no self-pity" led to the poet's strong desire to recover lost ground.
The night will be over, I lie in bed listening to the sound of wind and rain, in a daze in my dream, riding an armored horse across the frozen river to the northern battlefield. -Realized into a dream, naturally ingenious, full of patriotic enthusiasm, and turned into a heroic poem.
Fourth, expand and upgrade:
1. Return to the text and read four more ancient poems.
Thinking: Sing a touching poem and appreciate the deep feeling in the poem. What inspiration did the ancients give you when they were worried about the country and the people?
2. Exchange comments.
Fifth, class summary.
[Music begins (before class)]
Students, today, our motherland's economy is developing rapidly, the country is becoming stronger and stronger, and the people are United and forge ahead. In such a peaceful and stable era, we love our motherland even more. From now on, each of our classmates should set up the lofty ideal of serving the motherland, be diligent and enterprising, study hard, and lay a solid cultural foundation for rejuvenating China.
May the students become talents as soon as possible and their dreams come true!