Induction of knowledge points of ancient poetry allusions in junior middle school
(1) nostalgic songs, flute poems, just like Liu Yuxi's "Yangzhou will enjoy lotte at the first time" when he went to his hometown.
Allusions: Fu? Refers to the "Thinking of Old Fu" of Xiang Embroidery in the Western Jin Dynasty. Xiang embroidery and Ji Kang are good friends. Ji Kang was killed because he was dissatisfied with Sima Group. Xiangxiu passed by Ji Kang's former residence, and when he heard someone playing the flute, he couldn't help feeling sad, so he wrote "Thinking of the Old".
Rotten person? Refers to the king of Jin. Wang Zhi went up the hill to chop wood. When he saw two boys playing chess, he stopped to watch. By the end of the game, the handle of the axe was rotten. Back in the village, I realized that one hundred years had passed.
Significance and function of poetry;
The poet used these two allusions to say that he had been gone for twenty-three years, and now he is back. Many old friends have died, so he has no choice but to go back? Where's Wen Just a tribute. Coming back is like a previous life, and it feels completely different. It's not the past anymore. The latter sentence uses the allusion of Wang Fu-fu, which not only implies his long years of relegation, but also shows the change of the world after reunification and his unfamiliar and melancholy state of mind, with rich implications.
(2) A glass of turbid wine is Wan Li's home, but Ran Yan hasn't come home yet. ("The fisherman's pride? Qiu Si, Fan Zhongyan)
Allusions: Xerox Ran Yan? Is it the Book of the Later Han Dynasty? The allusions in Biography of Dou Rong show that in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dou Xian led his troops to defeat the Xiongnu and pursued them to Yanran.
Meaning and function of words:
Here, the poets revealed a psychological contradiction between themselves and the recruiters: they missed their hometown thousands of miles away, but there was no way to go back, because they did not achieve the purpose of making military achievements and making progress. The poet used allusions to interweave homesickness with feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
(3) In order to report the whole city to the prefect, shoot the tiger and see Sun Lang. ("Jiang? Hunting in Mizhou (Su Shi)
Allusions: Shooting tigers to see Sun Lang? Sun Lang is Sun Quan. The History of the Three Kingdoms records that Sun Quan's mount was injured by a tiger during a trip. He calmly killed the tiger in front of the horse.
Meaning and function of words:
The poet means to bow and shoot tigers in front of the horse like Sun Quan did in those days, which highlights that although the author is not young, he still has youthful pride.
(4) When will Feng Tang deliver it? ("Jiang? Hunting in Mizhou (Su Shi)
Allusions: Send Feng Tang? According to historical records? Biography of Zhang Shizhi and Feng Tang records that during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, Shang Wei was the satrap of Yunzhong and made meritorious service to Xiongnu, but he was convicted and dismissed for reporting six more heads when he made meritorious service. Later, Emperor Wendi took Feng Tang's advice and sent Feng Tang and Jeff to the cloud to pardon Shang Wei.
Meaning and function of words:
Here, the author uses Shang Wei as a metaphor to express the author's hope that the court can reuse itself, just as it sent Feng Tang to forgive Shang Wei.
(5) bow like a full moon, look northwest and shoot Sirius. ("Jiang? Hunting in Mizhou (Su Shi)
Allusions: Shooting Sirius? Sirius, according to the Book of Jin? Is Tian right? Main invasion? Yes
Meaning and function of words:
It is used here to refer to the Xixia army that came from the northwest to disturb. The poet used this sentence to express his determination to serve the country, resist the invaders and make contributions.
(6) The main seabed is 800 miles? Ma Zuo's Lu Kuaifei (Destroyer? Give strong words to Chen Tongfu and send it to Xin Qiji)
Allusions: 800 Li? Cow's. According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu? "Waste" contains: Jin has a good cow, whose name is it? Eight hundred Li refutation? What are the poems of later generations? 800 Li? Cow's.
Lu? Good horse name. According to the reflection? Shu zhi? According to the Biography of the Emperors, Liu Bei was in distress in Jingzhou. What is he riding? Jump three zhangs? Get him out of danger.
Meaning and function of words:
This image describes the life of the army and shows the heroism of the anti-gold fighters.
Summary of knowledge points of ancient Chinese poems in junior middle school
Yellow river poems
1. Have you noticed how the water of the Yellow River flows out of heaven and into the ocean, never to return? ? Li Bai's "Drinking"
The Yellow River is far above the white clouds. It is an isolated city, Wan Ren Mountain. ? Wang Zhihuan Liangzhou Ci
3. The mountains cover the day, and the sea drains the golden river. ? Wang Zhihuan is at Luniao Mountain Villa.
The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen. ? Wang Wei's Frontier Ambassador
Poems about horses
1. Don't use paper and pencil immediately when you meet, and leave a message to report that you are safe. ? Cen Can is meeting a messenger to the capital.
2. Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes. ? Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang
3. Dead vines and old trees faint crows, small bridges and flowing water, old roads and thin horses. ? Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si
We waved goodbye, and my horse neighed again and again. ? Li Bai bid farewell to his friends.
5. Sleeping at night listening to the wind and rain, iron horse glacier dream. ? Lu You's The Storm of November 4th
Poems about bridges
1 In the old society, Maodianshe was near the forest, and the road turned to Xiqiao. ? Xin Qiji's Xijiang Moon
2. Dead vines and old trees faint crows, small bridges and flowing water, and old roads and thin horses. ? Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si
3. The bridge is broken outside the post, and there is no owner. ? Lu You's Yongmei
Lotus poetry
1. Clear water produces hibiscus, which is naturally carved. ? Li Bai's Book of Huainan gave Jiang a satrap and a good butcher.
2. The lotus leaves are infinitely blue the next day, and the lotus flowers in the sun are of different colors. ? Yang Wanli's Letter to Lin Zifang from Jingci Temple, Chu Xiao.
3. Return to the boat in the evening and go into the depths of the lotus by mistake. ? Li Qingzhao's Dream.
Poetry about spring
1. The rain brought by the spring tide came late and quickly, and no one crossed the boat in the wild. ? Wei is in Xixi Chuzhou
2. Like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows the petals of ten thousand pear trees. ? Song of Snow White sends Tian Shuji home.
3. Although a country is divided, mountains and rivers remain forever, and the spring of trees and grass is back. ? Du Fu's Hope in Spring
The best benefit is the spring of the year, which is better than the willow. ? Han Yu's Early Spring was presented to 18 members of Zhang Shui Department.
Poetry about rain
1. Jun asked that the return date was undecided, and the rain rose in the autumn pool in the evening. ? Li Shangyin's Short Message to Friends in the North on a Rainy Night
2. Spring tides bring rain late and rush, and there is no boat crossing in the wild. ? Wei is in Xixi Chuzhou
It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond. ? Zhao Shixiu's "appointment"
The light rain in Tianjie is crisp and crisp, but the grass color is far and near. ? Han Yu's Early Spring was presented to 18 members of Zhang Shui Department.
Poetry about wine
1. Listen to one of your songs today, and have a glass of wine for the time being. ? Du Mu's Red Cliff
2. The cost of pure wine is 10 thousand copper coins for a gold cup and a hip flask, and Pan Yujian is ashamed of 10 thousand dollars. ? Li Bai's It's Hard to Walk
But let's drink to the guest who came home from the camp and play the savage pipa, guitar and harp for him. ? Song of Snow White sends Tian Shuji home.
I advise you to drink more, there is no reason to go out. ? Wang Wei's "Send Yuan and Twenty Shores to Xi"
A glass of turbid wine is Wan Li's home, but Ran Yan hasn't lost his mind. ? Fan Zhongyan's The Fisherman Proud of Qiu Si
Poetry about the moon
1. The smoke cage is full of sand in the cold month and near Qinhuai restaurant at night. ? Du Mu's Bo Qinhuai
It's so light that no one can hear it except my partner, Mingyue. ? Wangweide bamboo building
3. When will there be a bright moon? I take my glass from a distance. ? Su Shi's "Water Tune"
4. Bow like a full moon, look northwest and shoot Sirius. ? Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi Mizhou Hunting"
Poems about flowers
1. There is nothing to do. I seem to have seen Yan before. ? Yan Shu's "Huanxisha"
2. Falling red is not heartless, but turning into spring mud will protect the flowers. ? Gong Zizhen's "Qian Hai Za Shi"
Petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness. ? Du Fu's Hope in Spring
4. The curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. ? Li Qingzhao's "Drunken Flowers"
Poetry about snow
1. Like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows away the petals of ten thousand pear trees. ? Song of Snow White sends Tian Shuji home.
I will cross the Yellow River, but the ice will suffocate and the ferry will climb the snowy Taihang Mountain. ? Li Bai's It's Hard to Walk
3. Look, Benma River is heading for Xue Hai! Pingsha stretches as far as the eye can see, reaching the sky. ? Farewell to Song of Running Horse River by Feng, the General of the Western Expedition.
4. Where is Yunheng Qinling's home? The heavy snow hindered the horse's progress. ? Han Yu's "Moving to the Left to Show Grandnephew's Neck"
Until dusk, when the snow collapses our tent, our frozen red flag can't fly in the wind. ? Song of Snow White sends Tian Shuji home.
Nostalgia poetry
1. A glass of turbid wine is Wan Li's home, but Ran Yan hasn't lost his mind, and the tube is full of frost. ? Fan Zhongyan's The Fisherman's Pride
2. Because of Ling Du's dream, the goose returned to the pond. ? Wen's early journey to goodness
Water brings you the feeling of home, and makes your boat travel 300 miles. ? Li Bai bid farewell to his friends at Jingmen Ferry.
I will think of you in the clouds, so think of me in the sunset. ? Li Bai bid farewell to his friends.
5. When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world. ? Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si
Poetry about ambition
1. Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains are short under the sky ...? Du Fu's "Looking at Yue"
Don't be afraid of clouds covering your eyes, just because you are at the top. ? Wang Anshi's "Climbing the Peak"
3. The old man crouches, aiming for thousands of miles; In my old age, I am full of courage. ? Cao Cao's "Although the tortoise lives long"
Sometimes I ride the wind and waves, raise my muddy sails and sail in the deep sea. ? Li Bai's "Hard to Walk")
Forget everything that happened in the king's world, and gain fame after his death and before his death. ? Xin Qiji, "broken? Send a strong message to Chen Tongfu. "
A poem about philosophy
1. There is no road in the mountains and heavy waters, and there is another village. ? Lu you's trip to Shanxi village
2. Qian Fan is on the side of the sunken ship, and Wan Muchun is in front of the sick tree? Liu Yuxi's "Enjoy Lotte at the First Meeting in Yangzhou"
Don't be afraid of clouds covering your eyes, just because you are at the top. ? Wang Anshi's "Climbing the Peak"
4. Jiangshan has produced talents, each leading the way for hundreds of years. ? Zhu Lunshi
Poetry about this day
1. A new song and a glass of wine, the weather was old last year. When will the sunset return to Yan Shu's Huanxisha?
Thousands of miles away, the city is closed for a long time. ? Fan Zhongyan's The Fisherman's Pride
The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen. ? Wang Wei's Frontier Ambassador
4. When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world. ? Ma Zhiyuan's "Clear Sand? Qiu Si "
Sad poem
1. Far from sorrow, the sun sets, and the whip points to the end of the world. ? Gong Zizhen's Miscellaneous Work of Helping the Sea
But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with a sword, sadness will come back, even though we drown them with wine. ? Xie Tiao Building, Xuanzhou, Li Baishu, Shu Yun.
3. The fog is thick and the clouds are light and always sad, and the brain sells golden beasts. ? Li Qingzhao's "Drunken Flowers"
In the morning, she saw her hair cloud changing in the mirror, but she bravely faced the cold of moonlight with her evening song. ? Untitled Li Shangyin
5. but I looked home, and the twilight was getting thicker? The river is shrouded in mist, which brings people deep melancholy. ? Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao
Poems about trees
1. On one side of the sinking ship, Qian Fan passed by, in front of the sick tree, Wan Muchun. ? Liu Yuxi reported to the first meeting of East Yangzhou.
2 dead vines and old trees are faint crows, and small bridges are flowing. ? Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si
3. Lonely phoenix tree deep courtyard locks clear autumn. ? Li Yu's Meet You Huan
There are many trees and rich herbs. ? Cao Cao's ocean view
Learning methods of ancient poetry in junior high school
First, study? Knowing people and discussing the world? . ? Knowing people and discussing the world? Excerpted from Mencius and Zhang Wan. Mencius' original intention is to discuss how to grasp the author's own thoughts and experiences when reading literary works. So how to grasp it? This requires students to form an ancient poem in junior high school. Every time they read an ancient poem, they should know who the author is, what his life experience is, and what changes have taken place in the ideological stage. In this way, even if we meet different works of the same poet, we can analyze them accordingly. For example, the second question in this year's senior high school entrance examination, "The hut was blown by the autumn wind": Sleep has decreased since mourning? Did you show it? Me? What kind of thoughts and feelings? If students know Du Fu, it is easy to sum up three points: one is for the individual, the other is for the people, and the third is for the country. Because Du Fu is called? Poet saint? Why is his poem called? History of poetry? Because his poems recorded the history of the An-Shi Rebellion, the thoughts and feelings expressed in his poems during the An-Shi Rebellion were the combination of individuals, people and the country. For example, Hope in Spring? Three officials? 、? Say goodbye? , "Climb high".
Second, understand the theme and characteristics of China's ancient poems. Generally speaking, farewell poems (such as "Farewell to the Twenty Ans of Yuan Dynasty" and "Farewell to Du Fu's Deputy Governor in Shu") either remind each other, praise each other, or tell the feelings of parting, or tell the thoughts of parting. Poetry nostalgia (such as "Red Cliff Nostalgia") is mostly to pay tribute to the ancients or things, or to remember the sages and admire the ancients, or to express the desire to make contributions, or to pour out the feelings of untimely birth, or to satirize the present with the ancient and lament the ups and downs of the past. Frontier poems (such as "The Ambassador to the Border" and "Bai Xuege Farewell to the Home of Secretary Wu") describe the life of frontier troops, or show the cold living environment of frontier fortress, or show the magnificent scenery of frontier fortress, or show dissatisfaction with militaristic rulers. Homesickness poems (such as Qiu Si by Zhang Ji), in my heart forever's poems and travel poems (such as Tianjingsha by Ma Zhiyuan)? Qiu Si) focuses on expressing the thoughts of relatives, or expressing the tenderness and sadness of women, or expressing the bitterness of wandering life in different places and the thoughts of relatives in hometown.
Third, we should understand the different poetic styles of different poets. Like Li Bai's romantic poems, Wang Wei? There is a picture in the poem, and there is a poem in the picture? His pastoral poems, the bold words of Su Shi and Xin Qiji, Dai Fugu's patriotic poems and so on. Paying attention to this is very beneficial to the overall appreciation.
Fourth, pay attention to notes. Some notes introduce the writing background and hint at the ideological content of your poem; Some explanations of related words imply allusions or artistic conception in your poems; Sometimes the introducer hints at the writing style or background of this poem, such as the turmoil of communication between the North and South Song Dynasties and the Anshi Rebellion.
Fifth, we should pay attention to images and artistic conception. Such as willow, dike willow, pine and cypress, phoenix tree, millet, chrysanthemum, ape, Sha Ou, perch, swan goose, cicada, mulberry, Xuanyuan, boat, the past of the Six Dynasties, the dream of the Southern Dynasties, the picking of green flowers, orange flowers, roses, backyard flowers, solar terms, etc. If you understand their intentions, you can imagine the artistic conception. Such as phoenix tree symbolizes desolation, bitterness and sadness. In Li Qingzhao's "Slow Sound"? Indus is raining in Mao Mao, dripping at dusk. ? Another example is Li Yu's "Hui Huan"? Lonely phoenix tree deep courtyard locks clear autumn. ? The poet's feelings are self-evident. Grasping images is the basic premise of appreciating the language and form of poetry and evaluating the emotion and content of poetry.
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