Perhaps the most influential poem in Laoshan Mountain is Li Bai's To Meng Rongda of Wuwangshan;
I have been to Donghai, China,
work
Summer purple mountain meal.
See you in peace,
Eating dates is as big as melons.
Middle-aged people pay homage to Zhu Han,
Go home if you are unhappy.
Zhu Yan Xie Chunhui,
White hair sees life.
The expected gold liquid,
Fly to the cloud car.
May you follow Master to the Temple of Heaven,
Idle immortals sweep away fallen flowers.
King Wu is located in the northwest of Jiyuan City, Henan Province, and has been a holy place of Taoism since ancient times. Known as the "empty cave", it ranks first among the top ten caves in Taoism. During the Kaiyuan period, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty built a Yang Tai Temple in Wuwangshan for Sima Cheng, a master of Shangqing Daoism. Sima Chengzhen is a poetry friend of Li Bai, probably at his invitation. In the winter of the third year of Tianbao (744), Li Bai crossed the Yellow River with Du Fu and boarded the King of Wu. They wanted to visit Mr. Hua Gaijun, but they didn't see him. Perhaps it was at this time that they met a man named Meng, and they shared the same interests, so Li Bai wrote this poem to him. It is worth noting that Li Bai did not recite poems on the spot when he was in Laoshan (another way of writing "Laoshan" in ancient times), but wrote them in a style of memory shortly after leaving Laoshan. Ironically, most emperors in the Tang Dynasty regarded Taoism as the state religion just because they thought they were descendants of Li Yong, the founder of Taoism, and respected Laozi as the "Supreme Emperor". What is even more ridiculous is that Li Bai went to join in the fun of "Taoism comes first" just because he was surnamed Li. He went to Laoshan because of the encouragement of another old Tang Chaoyuan Wu Yun. Wu Xuedao is because he is a poor scholar. Before he met Li Bai in 744, he had been practicing in Songshan and Maoshan for many years. When Li Bai arrived at Laoshan Mountain, he was more impressed by the sea than the mountains. So he said "East Sea" first (the East Sea, in general, not the proper term "East Sea" now) and then "Laoshan".
Food culture is an important part or core of China culture. So many things, or experiences of many things, are compared with diet. Dining in Xia Zi is a poem written by Yan Yannian, "Dining in it". This compares Xia Zi to food. To westerners, this metaphor must be quite indecent. But in China, because diet is culture and elegant culture, you can eat anything, which means anything can be culture; Therefore, Li Bai's Xia Zi-style chewing with his mouth open in Laoshan Mountain is not a move to stop the scenery, but an out-of-touch fairy spirit. Next, write eat. Li Bai is used to exaggeration. There used to be such a crazy metaphor as "Yanshan snowflakes are as big as seats". Comparing dates to melons is not so arrogant, but it is exaggerated enough. Some people argue from a realistic point of view that Laoshan Mountain is rich in water and soil, and dates are really as big as eggs. Such a defense is not only unnecessary, but also a misunderstanding of Li Bai's creative style. In my opinion, if it comes from Li Bai's mouth, it is ok to say that "Laoshan dates are as big as chickens".
In addition, this metaphor comes from a legend about enlightenment. According to "Historical Records", during a period, people ate dates as big as melons. An Qigong was originally a hermit in Langya County. He lives by selling medicine by the sea, but he is old and not dead. Later, he became an immortal and was called "Chitose Weng". He is a legendary figure, eating legendary dates; A chitose person eats dates for decades, even if there is no growth period of 100 years. It is not surprising that dates for decades look like eggs.
Qin Shihuang divided the world into 36 counties, and Langya County was one of them. At that time, let alone Laoshan, even Qingdao belonged to Langya. The last stop of Qin Shihuang's east tour was Langya. He once summoned an Qigong, who lived 200 years longer than Peng Zu, and had a secret talk for three days and three nights. When An Qigong left, he left a message for Qin Shihuang, "Please beg me at the foot of Penglai Mountain after a thousand years." So there is the legend that Qin Shihuang sent Xu Fu and others to the sea to seek this "chitose man". When Li Bai arrives at Laoshan Mountain, he will certainly hear about or think of the legendary Taoist immortal, but it is absolutely impossible to say that he "saw Prince An Qi with his own eyes". Then, some people say that Li Bai saw another person named "An Qigong". Are you tired of this explanation? When Li Bai said "personally", must he have seen it with his own eyes? Not necessarily. The man who climbed Mount Tianmu said in his dream, "The sacred cock crow is in space." A chicken really appeared in the sky. Did Li Bai really hear its crow? Some people want to count 300 poems of Li Bai's Three Hundred Poems about Fighting for Wine, or prove that Zhang in Three Thousand White Hair is the unit of measurement in the Tang Dynasty, so as to prove that "Three Thousand Poems" is a real reference. These are modest and Confucian thoughts. This kind of thinking is very different from the poet's thinking.
In the Tang Dynasty, people avoided honorifics to avoid disaster. Ironically, the Tang Dynasty is often called the Han Dynasty, and the "master of the Han Dynasty" actually refers to the "emperor of the Tang Dynasty". Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow begins with "The emperor of China longs for the beauty that may shake an empire". "Look, I'm not mocking you, Li Longji, but the bad king of the Han Dynasty. Don't bother me, let me go to court in one sentence. " This is equivalent to giving a shot in the literary prison. The emperor visited by Li Bai was Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. His visit was in 742, when he was 465,438+0 years old, so he was called "the middle-aged emperor of Han Dynasty". Li Bai firmly believes that he is a genius and that "I was born useful"; Therefore, he was called into Beijing with lofty aspirations; But when he arrived in Chang 'an, he found that this was not the case at all. At this time, Xuanzong himself was addicted to debauchery. He just wanted Li Bai to be a ci minister, eulogize him and whitewash the peace, so he only gave imperial academy a vacant position. How can Bai stand such cowardice? Therefore, he felt quite "uncomfortable". After three years of idleness in restaurants and brothels in Chang 'an, he was desperate and tired. He told Tang Xuanzong that he wanted to go home. Tang Xuanzong knew that he had made up his mind and that he didn't really want to go back to his hometown, but wanted to indulge in mountains and rivers, so he wrote him a calligraphy: "Give gold back to the mountains." People who indulge in mountains and rivers take mountains and rivers as their home, so "going home" means "going home"
Seeing that you are old, your career is no longer hopeful; As a result, Li Bai's ambition to save the world became an idea of being born. "Bao Puzi" says that people can become immortals after drinking gold liquid, and they can walk on clouds. In ancient times, there was a legend that immortals used clouds as a means of transportation. By the time he came here to write poetry, Li Bai had lost himself in imagination, even the car was ready for himself, and even the work in the sky was found for himself-sweeping the fallen flowers with the gods. How relaxed, comfortable and carefree.
Tang Xuanzong is a fan of Li Bai. Li Bai left Chang 'an, but his poems reached the emperor's ears in time through various channels. This poem aroused Tang Xuanzong's strong interest in Laoshan Mountain. Four years later, he sent several Taoist priests to Laoshan to collect herbs, and named Laoshan "Auxiliary Tangshan", which simply regarded Laoshan as his left arm and right arm. Laoshan Mountain is famous for its upward flow and downward flow. This cannot but be attributed to Li Bai's poems.