The phrase "Jianghan" shows the poet's dilemma of staying in Jianghan. The word "homesick" is full of infinite bitterness, because the poet is homesick, can't go home, and becomes a reduced person on earth. "Gankun" refers to heaven and earth. The sentence "Gan Kun" contains two meanings of "belittling oneself and being conceited", and it is smart to label "Gan Kun" as a corrupt Confucian. "How many people can there be in the grass, worrying about the country and the people, within Gankun?" (Du Shi Shuo) Huang Sheng's understanding of this poem won the poet's heart.
The sentence "Parallel Rhyme" follows the first sentence closely, and the antithesis is very neat. The poet deeply expressed his homesickness by describing the natural scenery in front of him. A cloud floating from the horizon and a lonely night hanging on the bright moon, he thought of his guests, as if he were as lonely as the clouds and the moon. In this way, my feelings are integrated with the scenery outside. On the surface, the poet writes about the lonely moon, but in fact he writes about himself: although far away, he is as loyal as the lonely moon. In the past, people thought that these two sentences "the scene is mixed and indistinguishable" could well explain its characteristics.
The sentence "Sunset" follows the second sentence directly, which vividly shows the poet's spirit of actively using the world. Zhouyi said: "A gentleman strives for self-improvement." This just shows that the pedantic Confucianism in the second sentence is not simply the poet's contempt for himself. The first couplet is clearly written about a lonely moon in a long night. The sunset in this couplet is by no means a real scene, but a metaphor. Huang Sheng pointed out: "The setting sun is a metaphor for the teeth of twilight", which is for chanting, not writing scenery. Otherwise, it is contradictory to watch the lonely moon and the sunset in a rhyme. What he said is very reasonable. Sunset is equivalent to "Sunset in Western Hills". The original meaning of the sentence "sunset" is "the old man is not old." It is consistent with Cao Cao's poem "Martyrs are courageous in their twilight years" ("Stepping out of Xiamen, Although Turtles Live"). As far as the format of metrical poems is concerned, this combination is metonymy. "Sunset" is the antonym of "autumn wind", but "sunset" is actually a metaphor of "twilight". The phrase "autumn wind" is realistic. "Su" has a sense of recovery. The poet Jianghan, instead of being sad for the autumn wind, felt "sick for the Soviet Union". This is quite similar to Li Bai's ideological realm of "feeling prosperous and easy in autumn, who is worried about autumn", which shows the poet's mental state of going forward bravely in adversity. The fourth volume of Hu Yinglin's poem "Inner Chapter" praises the second and third parts of this poem as "breadth is greater than depth", which is very accurate.
Su Shi was deeply impressed by the artistic conception of these two couplets. He was relegated to Lingwai, and when he returned in his later years, a poem said: "Things change in the clouds, and the heart is clear and lonely" ("Two Poems by Uncle Jiang Hui"), indicating that he would not change his attitude of protecting the family and benefiting the people because of political persecution. In fact, "Lonely Moon Makes My Heart Clear" is adapted from two sentences in Du Fu's poems: "Lonely Moon at night" and "My heart is still stronger than sunset".
The phrase "ancient" once again shows the poet's old and strong feelings. "Old Horse" uses the story of "The old horse knows the way" and "Everything is done in the Woods": Qi Huangong cut down a solitary bamboo and got lost. He accepted Guan Zhong's suggestion that "the wisdom of the old horse is there", released the old horse and the old horse followed it. "Old horse" is the poet's self-comparison, and "distance" refers to the driving force. The poet pointed out that the ancients saved the old horse not by its strength, but by its wisdom. Although I am a "pedant", I am still strong inside and want to get sick. Like an old horse, I'm not useless. The poet obviously contains resentment here: am I really a worthless pedant, even worse than an old horse? This is the poet's implication, which naturally emerges from the poem.
This poem uses concise brushwork to express the poet's injustice and generosity in serving the country and his thoughts on its use. The four sentences in the middle of the poem are in harmony with the scene, with infinite artistic conception and strong artistic appeal, which has always been praised by people.