Featured gosling:
Varieties with large size, fast growth and rough feeding tolerance should be selected, such as white goose and gray goose. Goose is required to be robust, lively, responsive, with good egg yolk contractility, stable hair after drying, strong cry, and fast foot contraction when holding the neck with hands. Weak chickens such as big bellies and crooked heads should be eliminated.
Concentrate on feeding goslings:
The newly hatched goslings were fed with 0.05% potassium permanganate solution, and vitamin C5 ml, vitamin B 16 ml, 5 g of glucose and 3 g of brown sugar were added to each 100 ml of potassium permanganate solution, three times a day for five days. Put fresh lettuce leaves or fresh tender leaves in a clean place for them to eat, and feed them 1 time within 2 hours; Children aged 2-4 days are fed with soaked rice blank, 4-5 times a day, at night 1 time; Feeding 7-8 times a day and 2 times at night from 5 days old to 10 days old, in which rice accounts for 20%-30% and green feed accounts for 70%-80%; 1 1-20 days old, feed compound feed and grass gradually, 5-6 times a day, twice a night. The feed formula is (%): corn 50, fish meal 8, peanut bran 10, rice bran 20, refined bran 10, auxin 1, shell powder 0.5, bone meal 0.5, antibiotics and vitamins 0.5 and salt 0.3.
Raise China Goose:
When the geese grow from 4 weeks old to 10 weeks old, they should leave the brooding house and move to the growing goose house. After 30 days of age, geese should eat green feed before the feathers of their main wings grow, and supplement concentrate properly to make them fully exercise and improve their vitality. Generally, feed it 4 ~ 5 times a day, including 1 time in the evening. When feeding, the forage grass can be chopped and mixed with concentrate, and then put into the tank, and the ratio of concentrate to forage grass is 1: 4, so as to make semi-dry and semi-wet feeding. Concentrate can be used as self-ingredient, and its formula (%) is: corn flour 45, rice bran 15, wheat bran 10, soybean meal 22, fish meal 4, bone meal10.5, shell meal10.6, trace elements and vitamin additives 0.5, and salt 0. Or corn 20, fish meal 4, peanut bran 4, rice bran 10, fine bran 60, auxin and antibiotics 1, shell powder 1. The dosage of ingredients should be increased with the age of feeding, and the grass can be cut into 1 cm ~ 2 cm to feed the geese. If there is no water sports ground, the water in the water dispenser should be kept clean and cleaned twice a day. The goose house is cleaned every day 1 time, and the grass is frequently changed. You can add grass to the playground on sunny days, and then add it after eating, so as to keep the environment clean, hygienic and safe and let the geese grow fully.
Rapid fattening:
After 40 ~ 50 days' feeding, the main feathers of geese have grown out. When the weight reaches 1.5 kg ~ 2 kg, intensive fattening can be carried out with "high energy and low protein" diet for 20 ~ 30 days, and the weight of geese can reach 4 kg.
Prevention and treatment of common diseases in geese;
First of all, gosling plague
The disease is an acute septic infectious disease of goslings. Sick geese show symptoms such as listlessness, food waste, diarrhea and ataxia. 2 Salt hulling happened within 3-5 days, which can affect the whole flock, but it generally does not happen to geese after 1 month. The typical pathological change is that the small intestine forms an embolus to block the intestine.
(1) Symptoms: The disease can be divided into three types: the most acute, acute and subacute. (1) The most acute type: sudden death for unknown reasons. Most of them occur in goslings within 1 week. (2) In acute type, mental fatigue, food waste, severe diarrhea, yellow-white or yellow-green defecation, etc. The course of disease lasted for 1-2 days, and neurological symptoms appeared before death, which mostly occurred in goslings of 1-2 weeks old. (3) Subacute type: geese with poor spirits, no food, diarrhea and watery stools that occur for more than 2 weeks. Some geese will heal themselves.
(2) Lesions: The main lesions are in the small intestine, and only the most acute goose small intestine has intestinal mucosal congestion, bleeding and other septicemia. There is a large amount of exudate in the small intestine of geese who died in acute or subacute, forming a banded pseudomembrane, blocking the posterior segment of the small intestine in the form of an embolic tube, making the posterior segment of the small intestine like a sausage.
(3) Prevention and control measures: (1) Use gosling plague vaccine twice before laying eggs, about 1 month old, so that the breeding eggs contain maternal antibodies, thus enabling goslings to have passive immunity. (2) If the breeding geese have not been injected with gosling plague vaccine, the newly hatched goslings should be injected with attenuated vaccine. For geese that have been vaccinated, the attenuated vaccine should be injected as appropriate according to the local epidemic situation. (3) Using gosling plague high immune serum to prevent and treat sick geese and geese in the same flock.
Second, poultry cholera.
Avian cholera is an acute septic disease of poultry, also known as failure. It is caused by Pasteurella anatipestifer, which is easy to get in geese. It mostly occurs in autumn, when geese are sexually mature. If preventive measures are not appropriate, it will happen every year in epidemic areas.
(1) Symptoms: There are three types of diseases: the most acute type, acute type and chronic type. (1) The most acute type: Sudden death of unknown causes is mostly in the early stage of the epidemic. (2) Acute type: the sick goose stood upright with eyes closed, did not dare to go into the water, drank too much water, was listless, lost appetite, had a light stool like grass green, had a body temperature of 465,438+0-43℃, had a course of 2-3 days, and died soon. (3) Chronic type: it mostly occurs in the late stage of the epidemic, and geese are emaciated and diarrhea with arthritis symptoms.
(2) Lesions: The most acute lesions are not obvious. Acute and chronic epicardium, coronary sulcus bleeding point, intestinal congestion and bleeding.
(3) Prevention and control measures: (1) Before the outbreak, the epidemic areas should be thoroughly disinfected to avoid disease recurrence. (2) Find the epidemic situation and treat it in time. Sulfonamides, olaquindox and antibiotics all have good effects. Generally, the disease can be basically controlled by using 0.02% compound sulfamethoxazole mixed feed and intramuscular injection of penicillin streptomycin mixed solution twice a day for 3-4 days each time.
Third, goose flu.
Goose flu, referred to as goose flu, mainly occurs in goslings. Most of them are infected by sudden climate change, poor feeding management and goslings catching cold. Manifested as respiratory symptoms, because goslings have poor disease resistance and high mortality.
(1) Symptoms: The sick geese show listlessness, loss of appetite, accumulation of goslings, runny nose, difficulty breathing and shaking their heads. When they shake their heads, their noses will stick to their feathers, and the feathers will be wet and unkempt. The course of disease is usually 3-5 days, and severe diarrhea will occur before death.
(2) Pathological changes: subcutaneous and muscle bleeding, upper respiratory tract translucent exudate, pulmonary congestion, epicardial bleeding, liver, spleen and kidney congestion or swelling, and gray-yellow necrotic spots are common.
(3) Prevention and control measures: (1) Keep the goslings under 1 month old warm and manage scientifically. (2) Inactivated vaccine can be injected to prevent the disease. (3) intramuscular injection of penicillin and oral sulfadiazine tablets are effective in sick geese. At the same time, keep warm and improve the feeding and management conditions.
Fourth, paratyphoid fever
Paratyphoid fever in geese is caused by salmonella, which mainly occurs in goslings. It is often caused by improper feeding management. The main symptoms are diarrhea, conjunctivitis and emaciation, but the symptoms of adult geese are not obvious.
(1) Symptoms: The sick geese mainly show diarrhea, clear feces, and the geese are getting weaker and weaker. Sick geese suffer from loss of appetite, diarrhea, fecal contamination of hindquarters, anal closure after drying up, and difficulty in excreting feces. Adult geese are chronic, mainly emaciation.
(2) Lesions: esophageal emptying, liver swelling and congestion, mucosal congestion and bleeding, air sac membrane turbidity, cecum enlargement, and cheese-like contents.
(3) Prevention and control measures: (1) Pay attention to feeding management, do not feed rotten feed, eliminate geese with chronic diseases, pay attention to disinfection from hatching eggs in frequent areas, and strengthen feeding management of goslings. (2) It is effective for clean drinking water and substances mixed with enemy bacteria.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Taenia saginata in geese
Taenia solium is mainly parasitic in the small intestine of geese. Worms will accumulate in the small intestine when they grow up, causing intestinal mechanical blockage, affecting the digestion and absorption of geese, thus affecting the growth of geese and even leading to death. Exotic species are more likely to get sick.
(1) Symptoms: The sick geese are stunted, anaemic, diarrhea, emaciation, loneliness and sporadic death.
(2) Lesions: A large number of worms can be found in the small intestine of dead geese or sick geese. This insect is ivory, flat, segmented and spear-shaped. The adult is 8- 15cm long and 18-20mm wide.
(3) Prevention and control measures: (1) The geese are regularly dewormed. Adult geese should be deworming 1 time in spring and autumn every year, and their feces should be cleaned in time, as well as the aquatic plants they feed. (2) Strengthen feeding management and improve the disease resistance of geese. (3) The oral anti-creep effect of sick geese is good, and the dosage of 20 mg per kg body weight is 1 time.
Six, goose lice
Goose lice are parasites hidden in goose feathers. Worms are small and shaped like lice on cattle. Lice can't live without geese all their lives.
(1) Symptoms: Acari sucks blood, feathers and dander, and it can also hurt the skin, making geese itch, leading to slow growth, weight loss and reduced egg production of adult geese.
(2) Prevention and control measures: (1) Goose sheds should be cleaned frequently, and straw mats should be changed frequently. Goose houses are often disinfected by spraying 0.2% dichlorvos. (2) Goose with goose lice can be sprayed with 0.5% trichlorfon powder.
The basic requirements for the construction of goose houses are the same as those for duck houses. Usually divided into gosling house, fattening house, goose breeding house, hatching house and so on.
Goose house is used to raise goslings under 3 weeks old. Goslings have poor thermoregulation ability and no ability to resist cold attack. Therefore, the gosling house should be kept warm, dry and ventilated, but there should be no thief wind, and heating equipment should be set up. Each shed is 50-60 square meters, and 500-600 goslings are raised. The ground of Goose House is higher than outdoor 10-30 cm, and it is kept dry indoors. The indoor floor can be paved with bricks or directly with sand. There is a playground outside the house, which is also the feeding place and rest place for goslings. The ratio of the inside and outside area of the house is 1: 1.5-2. The playground is close to the water bath, and the bottom of the pool should not be too deep. It is best to have a certain slope so that geese can bathe in the water.
Fattening houses can be rebuilt with old houses, or simple sheds can be built with bamboo and asbestos tiles to shelter from the wind and rain. The shed is an open shed with a single slope, with the front eaves1.7-2m high, the back eaves 0.3-0.4m high and the depth of 4-5m. Brick the back eaves to keep out the north wind, and brick the front eaves. There should also be venues and water outside the fattening room. Nylon nets or old fishing nets are all around the water. The fattening house should be dry and flat to facilitate cleaning. The building area of the fattening house is calculated by 7-9 70-day-old geese per square meter.
The area of goose house is limited to 200-300 geese per building, and it should not be too large. Open shed type can be adopted, opening to the south, building a wall to the north or covering it with bamboo curtains. The ground in the house can be compacted or paved with bricks. The biggest problem in goose houses is to prevent mice or other small mammals from stealing eggs or disturbing geese. The inside of the house is higher than the outside. There is a special spawning room in the house, and there is a door connected with the rest place. The light in the egg-laying room can be darker, and there are grass-covered egg-laying nests. It is best to use short bamboo and wood to divide into small rooms so as not to disturb laying hens. There should be a large enough playground and water surface outside the goose house, and a small nylon net should be surrounded when the water surface is large. It's best to have shade around the playground, or build a arbor.
Incubators can be rebuilt by using old houses. No need for artificial incubation. Using the mother goose to hatch naturally, an incubator should be set up. The general principle of transforming the incubator is that the environment around the house is quiet, warm in winter and cool in summer, with good air circulation and dark light.