I am tired of swimming and staying day after day, because the trend is changeable, unpredictable and dangerous. Li Peng's waves are turbulent, and sometimes when he meets an island, he immediately splits into two strands, plummets, slams together, and collides with the cliff on the shore, making the snowy waves collapse, more cohesive and rushing down. Along the way, I sometimes go for a night tour for a month, listen to the plaintive ape, walk in the wet dew and enjoy the fragrance of the grass; Sometimes in the morning, from a distance, the fields in late spring nearby are beautiful and endless in green. In the distance, pale rocks are towering and white clouds are gathering. I want to understand this mystery by talking to the quiet scene in the early morning at night. However, day and night, I am dizzy and puzzled, and I still don't understand it. Unable to stand meditation, I climbed the cliff and climbed Shijingshan. Pull Laura to pull the leaves and enter the top of the pine door. Visiting different places to explore the secret, climbing high and looking far, but the records of Sanjiang Nine Schools and sages have become hard to find; Things have changed, and this ever-changing natural principle is even more difficult to study. Nowadays, different people have cherished their wealth and kept their spiritual secrets; The golden frost fairy medicine, moist as jade, has already extinguished its bright light and stopped its flowing temperature. For all this upside down, I played the song "Farewell to a Crane in a Thousand Miles". Suddenly, there was a broken string, and all was silent, only the endless sorrow echoed in Jiangtian.
Note 1 Li Penghu: Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province. Hukou, Peng Li: This is the hukou of Poyang Lake. The Yangtze River and Poyang Lake meet near Jiujiang. 2 tired: tired. Waterhouse: A boat that lives in the water. Tired of long-distance travel on water. 3 theory: detailed description. 4 sudden: acute disease. Circle: polymerization; Come and see me. The wind and waves are beating on the island. Flush the bank: bend the bank. Collapse: Water rushes to the river bank. (7) (you): Long-tailed ape. 6 (easy): wet. Fu: It has a strong fragrance. Sun Fang: The name of vanilla. Dewdrops on the leaves of Sun Fang give off a strong fragrance. 7 tun: party. Eight thousand words: all kinds of feelings are entangled in my heart day and night. 9 Shijing and Songmen: Mountain names are all near the mouth of Poyang Lake. Shan Li's Notes on Selected Works quoted a monk, Zhang Jian, from Xunyang Collection, saying, "To the east of Shijingshan, there are boulders, and the cliffs are clear, and people can see their shapes. He also quoted Gu's "Geography" as saying: "Since I entered the lake for 330 miles, I was poor in Songmen. Four miles from east to west, pine trees are all over the banks. Thirteen Rivers: Shangshu Gong Yu: Three Rivers have entered. Zheng Xuan's Note: "The Three Rivers divide into three holes in Peng Li and flow eastward into the sea. ⑾ Nine schools: Xunyang is another name. This is Jiujiang, Jiangxi. The last two sentences say that the old saying about Sanjiang and Jiupai has become a thing of the past, and Hyunri has no way of knowing it. ⑿ Lingwu: a rare wonder. Selfish and strange: I cherish its strange appearance. [13] Secret Spirit: Hide its spiritual soul. There are many miraculous things in the Jianghu, but none of them have appeared. [14] Golden ointment: an elixir of Taoist legend. Turn off the glare: hide the light without displaying it. ⒂ Shuibi: A kind of jade, also called jasper. Shan Hai Jing: "The ploughed mountain is full of water." Hey: Stop. Flow temperature: refers to wet jade. In a word, there are gold paste and aquamarine in this river, but they all put out their bright light and stopped their warmth. [14] Song of a Thousand Miles: the title of the song, that is, a thousand miles to bid farewell to a crane. Cai Yong's Cao Qin: "The shepherd in Shang Ling has been married for five years, but he has no children. Father and brother want to change their marriage, and the shepherd helps the piano and drums and sighs goodbye to the crane to relieve their anger. Therefore, it is called "Farewell to Crane Fuck". A crane travels thousands of miles, hence the name "don't be a crane for thousands of miles." ⒄ Strings: the end of the song. Shan Li's Notes on Selected Works said: "It's a pity to play the music collection and read it too much. So it is also called "disciple". 」
Peng Li Hukou Creation Background This poem was written at the end of spring in the eighth year of Yuan Jia of Emperor Huai of Jin Dynasty (43 1), on the way from Jiankang, the capital, to Linchuan (now Nanchang, Jiangxi). Prior to this, Meng Ke, the magistrate of Huiji, falsely accused Xie Lingyun of gathering people in Zhejiang to plot evil deeds, and Xie Lingyun went to Beijing to prosecute himself. Finally, Wendi "forgave me" and left him in Beijing. Releasing the tiger to Jiangxi a year later is actually driving it away from the mountain, which has broken its fundamental significance. Xie Lingyun is clear about this method of using it openly and secretly. This second seclusion made him feel sad and resentful. This time, he was subject to Luo Zhi, which naturally increased resentment. Therefore, since he left Shishou City, he compared himself with Qu Zi who was exiled. Once he entered Peng Li's hukou, his mood fluctuated with the wind and waves, so he used it as a pen.
The mouth of Lipeng Lake (Poyang Lake) is Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), where Peng Li and the Yangtze River meet. Since Shangshu Gong Yu, ancient books have recorded the water potential at the mouth of the lake, such as "Three Rivers Entering" and "Jiujiang Empty Drinking". Because of the change of terrain, it is a waste of time to say that three is nine, but the specific meaning is even more inconclusive. So all kinds of legends came into being. This book takes advantage of people's nostalgia for the past. There is a lot of water, complicated waterways and spectacular scenery here, which prompted the poet to recite it thousands of times. Xie Ke's poems are one of the earliest and best chapters.
Enter the mouth of Lipeng Lake to enjoy "tourists are tired of water, and the trend is difficult to talk about." "Two abrupt words, set up the general outline of the poem. The words "tired" and "difficult" are the most chewy, laying the main vein throughout. The poet is tired of day-to-day water travel and accommodation. Why are they tired? Because the trend is difficult to explain one by one; In other words, it is unpredictable, unpredictable and dangerous. It seems that this is the impression of this trip, and by extension, it is the summary of many years of travel; In-depth study, more vaguely feel that the official, right and wrong, official sea storm in the poet's mind cast a shadow. "Island TuYuan, An Ge repeatedly collapse rush. Peng Li's water potential is described by the theory of "difficulty": the waves are rough, sometimes meet the island, then divide into two branches, suddenly merge, collide with the shore and cliff, and the snow waves collapse, even more condensed. This dangerous water potential is a footnote of "difficulty", and it also conveys the poet's uneven voice that plagues ups and downs.
In five or six sentences, the pen suddenly opened a clear scene, saying that along the way, sometimes walking in the wet dew, listening to the plaintive ape, enjoying the fragrance of grass; Sometimes when I get up in the morning, I can see the wild scenery in late spring nearby, and the green is endless. In the distance, pale rocks are towering and white clouds are blossoming, which seems to converge at the summit. A vaguely like two quiet and beautiful scenery; But is this really the case? Seven or eight sentences have removed the connotation. "Thousands of thoughts gather day and night, and all feelings are full of ambiguity." Facts have proved that the quiet scene did not show the poet's inner peace. He just wants to understand the mystery of this "difficult theory" by talking to the quiet scene in the early morning at night. However, day and night, confused thinking is still just a "difficult theory." So he is full of emotions, and he no longer resists meditation. He climbed the cliff and climbed the Shijingshan Mountain in the east of Lushan Mountain next to Xunyang City. Pulling Luo to pull the leaves, she passed through the pine trees sandwiched in forty miles and entered the top of Songmen Mountain in the 330-mile lake. Visiting different places to explore secrets, climbing high and looking far, I hope that the traces of spirit can illuminate the problems in his heart, and going east to the river can enlighten his chaotic reason. However, the records of the nine schools in Sanjiang and the sages have become hard to trace; It is even more difficult to seriously study why there are such ever-changing natural principles. Guo Jingchun's "Fu Jiang" once said that the Yangtze River is "hidden and true, which is very different from the spirit", and the river gods live in "gold, jade, jade and jade, and Yao, pearl and strange stones reflect their appearance". However, now, different people have cherished their wealth and kept their spiritual secrets; The golden frost fairy medicine, which moistens water and jade, has already extinguished its bright light and stopped its flowing temperature. "Heaven and earth are combined, and sages are hidden." The poet was no longer "tired" of all this upside-down search, so he played the guqin music "A Thousand Miles to a Crane". "Although a yellow crane is far away, it is time to make a decision to retire forever, but a little goodwill in my heart really can't disappear." The surge of emotion urged him to play quickly, hoping that the sound of the piano would wash away his troubles. Suddenly, there was a broken string, and all was silent, only the endless sorrow echoed in Jiangtian.
"Into the Lake Mouth" shows the new entrance of Daxie's poetry. Looking at Xie Ji again, probably before he was thirty-eight years old in 422 AD (Yongjia three years), his poems were rarely preserved, and his style was more based on the thoughts of An (such as Shu Zude's poems) and Taikang (such as Song Gong's riding platform on the ninth day), and had not yet formed an obvious unique style. In the nearly ten years from Yongjia's relegation to his second seclusion, he established the lofty position of the originator of landscape poetry with the feelings of resentment and harmony. He is good at vaguely conveying the change of feelings in the alternation of objects and images in the Qing Dynasty, which means that the meaning is connected and the face is distorted, while the hammer is precise, profound and delicate. However, the needle technique is too thin and the object is too precise, which makes the code too straight and has too many languages, which makes it feel sluggish to read and lacks the boldness of Du Fu and Han Yu. This weakness was broken in some chapters of the second seclusion, but it was not big. At this point, poetry can already be regarded as the forerunner of Du Fu's and Han's poetry, which has three forms of expression:
One is that the gap tends to widen. Xie Lingyun wrote this poem first, and the journey is very narrow. Although he has already broken through the barriers of the Han people, he always uses the scenery of one place to express his anguish and explore the mystery, but after all, the margin is narrow and the atmosphere is insufficient. This poem, with twenty sentences, covers more than 300 miles of scenery in the lake, with less and more, and its breadth is unprecedented, so it is more spacious and noble than the previous work.
Secondly, the pen is easy to jump; This is not only because of the big landscape; And because the stitching in the previous poem was cancelled. This progress has been fully demonstrated through the steep turning and reverse connection between "Spring Festival Evening" and "Baiyun" and the vivid space. It not only breaks the pattern of one scene and one emotion, but also has several emotional levels in a scene writing, and achieves the effect of alternating dynamic and static, alternating shades and relaxation. This kind of jumping and swinging is combined with its inherent rigor. The whole poem is tired and difficult, then it begins with "difficulty" and finally returns to a deeper level of "fatigue", showing the anger in fatigue. In this main line, the combination of "thousand thoughts and feelings" and "Three Rivers and Nine Schools", a reverse connection and a smooth turning point, made two bundles, and then perfectly combined the jumping pen with rigorous organization, which is the most important move in the poetry structure of Du Fu and Han Han.
Third, the more formal integration of scenery language, emotional language and rational language: the rational language in Xie Shi is by no means the "Hyunri tail" that people often say. His theories are born with feelings in the landscape, which has been mentioned many times in previous appreciation. Under the historical conditions at that time, there is nothing wrong, but it is also a. The reason of this poem is more harmonious. In fact, the whole poem is about the "difficult theory" of reasoning, but it was not until "Nine Schools of Reasoning Empty" that this point was made clear. Then, the following sentence is written by Jiang Jing. Every sentence in the scene is full of emotion and reason, but it is written completely according to what you see, without any trace. The last sentence "I must say goodbye to Milton" is even more far-sighted, and its taste goes beyond sour and salty. If we say that most of the previous thank-you poems are attributed to rationality, then this poem is reversed, and rationality becomes the foil of situational expression, showing a process of further escaping from the influence of metaphysical words in landscape poems.
It is often said that Xie Tiao, who lived between the poems of the Six Dynasties and Qi Liang, began to tease Tang Yin. In fact, Xie Tiao's influence on the Tang people was more short-lived, mainly affecting Wang Wei and Meng Haoran. As for the various artistic means, poking fun at Tang Yin is the first one, just like Du Fu and Han School.
Poetry: Entering the Lake Mouth, Peng Li Poetry Author: Xie Lingyun's poems in the Southern and Northern Dynasties are divided into: boating, life, landscape and melancholy.