In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou. Enjoy Emei Mountain in Emei County, southwest of Chengdu, Sichuan.
There are many temples in the mountains. Li Bai's Emei Mountain Poems.
There are three familiar songs. One is "Climbing Mount Emei", which was written by the author when he lived in Sichuan in his early years, and the other is "The Moon Song on Mount Emei sends monks to Beijing" written in his later years. This was written when the author left Shu at the age of 26 (726). If Li Bai went to Mount Emei in his early days to visit Taoism and seek immortality, then the poems he wrote about Mount Emei's monthly songs shortly after he left Sichuan were mainly to express his lofty aspirations and thoughts for his friends.
People appreciate this poem very much, but their understanding is quite different. First, there are different opinions about the author's mood when writing this poem.
In the Ming Dynasty, Liu, who quoted volume 47 of the Collection of Tang Poems, said that the poem was "sentimental and sad", and Cheng's "One and Many in the Description and Structure of Ancient Poems" said: "Li Bai's intention is to make a comparison with many places he will pass along the river. To show the lightness of your heart. "
If we analyze this poem in connection with Li Bai's motivation to leave Sichuan, it is not difficult to judge the correctness of the above two understandings. At that time, the author traveled to Sichuan with ambitions from all directions, and you Dapeng would spread his wings.
At this time, there is no "sadness". On the contrary, there is a strong desire to win with the bright moon. Mount Emei originally flowed eastward with the river, and the author went down the river by canoe.
Sometimes you can see the mountains and the moon, sometimes you can't, and the bright moon appears and disappears, as if you are chasing yourself. When you can't see it, it's like leaving mountains and rivers behind.
Liu's so-called "emotion" seems to be closer to the original intention than the word "sadness" if it is understood as the author's interest in playing in the mountains and the moon or the joy of going out to Sichuan. The second is the different understanding of the word "autumn".
One thinks it means autumn, and the other thinks it means "when the upper or lower chord of Mount Emei is semicircular". Of course, the latter statement is more reasonable.
But what is certain is that the "half moon" in Li's poems does not refer to the first quarter moon, because Emei Mountain is in the southwest of the author at this time, which naturally refers to the end of the lunar calendar. At the same time, the word "autumn" can be found as the explanation of "time" in exegetics, that is, the word "autumn" can be trained as "period" and "day" In addition, the word "autumn" is also trained to fly or jump, for example, the seventh song of Hanshu, Rite, Music and An Zhi Shifang: "Flying in autumn, roaming in the sky."
Accordingly, it seems reasonable to interpret this sentence as a crescent moon flying over Mount Emei. Third, there are different interpretations of the "Three Gorges".
First, the "Three Gorges" here refer to Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge at the junction of Hubei and Sichuan. One refers to the Small Three Gorges in Li Tou and Beibei in Leshan, Sichuan. To distinguish which is more reasonable.
Let's take a look at Li Bai's route out of Sichuan first. The author saw the reflection of Mount Emei in Pingqiang River, indicating that it started from Mount Emei.
Pingqiang River, namely Qingyi River, originates in the northwest of Lushan County, Sichuan Province and joins Minjiang River in Leshan County. The "Qingxi" in the third sentence is Qingxi Post Station, located in Qianwei County, Sichuan Province.
"Qingxi" is in the lower reaches of Leshan Three Gorges, and the author starts from here at night. The goal is to "anger the Three Gorges", obviously not referring to the Three Gorges in Leshan County.
Otherwise, not only will the word "Xiang" lose its landing, but pedestrians will also turn back. So the "Three Gorges" here must refer to the famous Three Gorges in Badong.
This is a desirable place and the only way for Leshan to go out of Sichuan via Yuzhou (now Chongqing). Fourth, the word "Jun" in couplets has different interpretations.
Some people say that it refers to the friend the author misses, or "the person who saw him off"; Shen Deqian said, "The moon is between the Three Gorges in Qingxi, and half of it has disappeared. Junzi refers to the moon. "
It seems that the latter statement is more reasonable. Mount Emei is actually the author's hometown, and the moon is the hometown circle.
The author's nostalgia for Mount Emei. Undoubtedly, it is also a kind of attachment to hometown.
If "thinking of a gentleman" is interpreted as "thinking of friends", it is too dull. It is better to regard it as personifying people with the moon, which is more poetic. Yu Biyun thinks: "The waning moon in autumn night reflects the majesty of Emei.
Parked by the river, the scenery is quiet. Helpless canoe night hair, Dongqin Chongqing.
Looking back at the moon and sinking mountains, I can't see you. A good mountain is equal to a good friend. "(A Brief Introduction to Poetic Realm) So" thinking of a gentleman "is not just about missing a friend, but a kind of nostalgia in a broad sense.
Isn't it more meaningful to regard the mountains and the moon, which symbolize hometown, as friends than to refer to a specific friend? The ancients commented on this poem and praised its wonderful use of place names. Wang Shimao, an Amin scholar, said: "There is a saying in artistic conversation that you can't enter a story twice and a story can't be repeated.
There are very few offenders of this disease, and if they can be singled out, they are very strict. However, I don't think it's wonderful.
When you write a poem, you will feel that it is good to have a little, and you will feel that there is no trace. Even if you make two sentences, you won't get hurt. For example, Taibai's "Emei Mountain Moon Song", with four sentences and five names, is a swan song of ancient and modern times, never too heavy. "
Wang Shizhen called this poem "The Beautiful Land of Taibai" and said, "Twenty-eight characters. There are Emei Mountain, Pingqiang River, Qingxi River, Three Gorges and Yuzhou, which cannot be traced by future generations. It is beneficial to see the beauty of this old furnace hammer. "
(Yi Yan Yuan Yan). What needs to be added here is that the author not only makes good use of the name, but also does not show traces. What is more noteworthy is his mastery of the poetic art of quatrains, especially the third sentence, which is difficult to carry forward.
The author comes from the lower reaches of Pingqiang River, so the "clear stream at night" in the third sentence is a real connection. If you transfer from Qingxi to Yuzhou, it will become a list of names of water terminals, which may be poetic, while the "Three Gorges in Hunan" is fictional and factual. As a place name, "Three Gorges" is real, but the poet hasn't arrived yet. It's in imagination again.
Because the third sentence is well translated, the fourth sentence becomes a logical conclusion, and a series of ordinary place names are endowed with rich poetry. It has become a beautiful landscape in poetry.
The whole article is also ingenious and powerful, and it is worthy of being a swan song in ancient and modern times.
Li Bai wrote a poem about mountains, "Sitting alone in Jingting Mountain".
The birds flew without a trace, leaving the lonely clouds free and unfettered.
You look at me, I look at you, and there are only my eyes and Jingting Mountain's eyes.
Li Bai, the first generation of Baidicheng
Say goodbye to Bai Di,
Thousands of miles in Jiangling, one day.
Apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait kept crying.
The canoe crossed the Chung Shan Man.
Li Bai sees Tianmen Mountain.
Tianmen interrupted the opening of the Chu River,
Clear water flows eastward behind this.
Green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite.
Lonely sails come from the sun.
Li Bai's Guan Shanyue
A bright moon rises from Qilian Mountain and crosses the vast sea of clouds.
The mighty wind blew Wan Li and crossed Yumen Pass.
At that time, Han soldiers pointed at the mountain road, and Tubo coveted the vast territory of Qinghai.
This is a land of wars in past dynasties, and few soldiers can survive.
The soldiers turned and looked at the border, thinking of home with longing eyes.
The soldier's wife looked at the tower and lamented when she would see her relatives far away.
Winter has returned to Laoshan.
Without washing and dyeing the dust tassels, I returned to Fang lawn. A vine path is green, and Wan Xuefeng is sunny.
Cold leaves are exhausted first, but Leng Yun is not exhausted. Tender feelings invade the house, and old trees fall across the river.
White dogs bark in the village and moss grows on the walls. If you walk alone in the kitchen, the old ape will sing in the next room.
Birds nest in the forest, but hedges make way for wild animals. Blowing out of bed, the squirrel left, and the fish was surprised.
Wash the inkstone, repair the good strategy, and knock loose the quasi-virginity. I will go again at this time, to Sanqing.
Li Bai dreams of climbing Tianmu Mountain.
A sailing tourist will talk about Japan, which is hidden in water and fog and inaccessible.
However, when the Vietnamese talk about Tianmu Mountain, they can still see it through clouds of different depths.
On a straight line leading to heaven, its peak enters heaven, topped with five sacred peaks, and casts a shadow across China.
The Paradise Terrace Mountains are 100 miles long, and it is here that they begin to extend to the southeast.
My heart and my dream are in Wu Heyue, flying over Jinghu Moon overnight.
The moon lit up my shadow and I came to Yanhe.
Xie 'an is still there, with a loud voice and rippling blue waves.
I wore Xie's earliest spiked shoes and climbed the Qingyun ladder.
Halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred rooster crows in space.
Thousands of turns, flowers lure me, stones slow me down. The day suddenly ended.
Bears, dragons and storms on mountains and rivers disturb forests and shake mountains.
Clouds are darkened by rain, and streams are pale by fog.
God of thunder and lightning, the mountains are crumbling.
The stone gate is broken and ventilated in the deep pit of heaven.
An impenetrable shadow, but now the sun and the moon illuminate a golden and silver terrace.
Wearing rainbow clothes and riding the wind, all the queens of the clouds came and came down one by one.
With the tiger as the harp and the phoenix as the dancer, the images of fairies are arranged in rows.
I move, my soul flies, and I wake up with a long sigh.
My pillow and mat are the lost clouds in which I once lived.
This is the consistent way of human happiness, and all kinds of things will always flow to the east like water.
In this way, I say goodbye to you. I don't know how long I will leave, but let me raise a white deer on my green hillside and ride to you when I need you, Dashan.
Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions? They never want to be seen with a sincere face!
Jingmen in Autumn by Li Bai
In autumn, first frost was in Jingmen, and the leaves were scattered all over the place. Because of the mountains and the wide river, the autumn wind also sent me away, which made my journey safe.
This trip is not for bath, but for famous mountains.
Li Bai's Tiantai Wang Xiao
The sky is as bright as its neighbors, and the ceiling is high and white.
Clouds fall and waves fly.
3. A poem about mountains written by Guan Shanyue and Li Bai.
A bright moon rises from Qilian Mountain and crosses the vast sea of clouds.
The mighty wind blew Wan Li and crossed Yumen Pass.
At that time, Han soldiers pointed at the mountain road, and Tubo coveted the vast territory of Qinghai.
This is a land of wars in past dynasties, and few soldiers can survive.
The soldiers turned and looked at the border, thinking of home with longing eyes.
The soldier's wife looked at the tower and lamented when she would see her relatives far away.
A piece of Lushan empire Lu Xuzhou.
I am like a chariot catcher, singing phoenix songs and laughing at Kong Qiu.
Holding a green jade stick in his hand, he bid farewell to the famous Yellow Crane Tower early in the morning.
All five holy mountains, no distance, according to a constant habit in my life.
Against the backdrop of Nandou, Lushan Mountain is shrouded in clouds, like nine screens, reflected in the Crystal Lake, deepening the green lake.
The Golden Gate leads to two mountains, and a silver stream hangs down to three stone bridges.
Within sight of the huge tripod waterfall, the wall frame of the cliff and the winding path lead to the blue sky.
The morning glow is red in Cui Yun, and the birds fly and grow.
Between the sky above and the sky below, the river is gone forever.
The sky is grey and windy, and the river flows like a snow-capped mountain.
I like singing for the majestic Lushan Mountain, which thrives because of its scenery.
When looking at the stone mirror to purify the soul, Xie Lingyun's footprints were covered with moss.
I will take the elixir of life to eliminate the world and practice the three Dan and three products.
Watching immortals in colorful clouds, holding hibiscus in hand.
So, when I travel through nine parts of the world, I will follow St. Lu Ao to Dajing Mountain.
Mount Emei Yuege
In the autumn of the first half of Mount Emei, the Pingqiang River reflected.
In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou.
Wangtianmen mountain
The Yangtze River splits the Tianmen Peak like a giant axe, and the green river flows around the island.
The green hills on both sides are neck and neck, and a boat meets leisurely from the horizon.
Dongshansong
Take prostitutes to Dongtu Mountain. (A heaped-up mountain turns into a mountain)
Feel sad and grateful.
I am a prostitute now.
He is a prostitute and his grave is deserted.
White chicken is 300 years old after dreaming.
Sprinkle wine on your favorite.
Han is a Qinghai dancer.
The autumn wind blows off the purple crown.
He is also a moment.
This is also temporary.
There is no need to be surprised by the mighty torrent.
Find these for the time being
4. Poems about mountain peaks in Tang and Song Dynasties and 10 mountaineering trips by Du Mu, a poet in Tang Dynasty.
In the distance, there are people in the depths of white clouds. Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February flowers.
Antique-Li Bai
The fairy shines like a star on the lotus peak in Huashan Mountain. Holding a white hibiscus flower in both hands, curled up into a ball.
Looking at Yue-Du Fu
What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is! Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen. The magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful mountains in the south and the separation between morning and dusk in the north.
Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy, birds are flying around in front of my nervous eyes ... trying to climb to the top of the mountain: it dwarfs all the peaks under our feet.
Wangtianmen mountain
(Tang) Li Bai
Tianmen interrupted the opening of the Chu River,
Clear water flows eastward behind this.
Green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite.
Lonely sails come from the sun.
In the mountains.
Bo Wang
The sorrow of the Yangtze River has stagnated, and Wan Li's thoughts will return. The night is high and windy, and the mountains fly.
Farewell (farewell in the mountains, farewell of friends)
I saw you off in Wang Weishan. Until now, I closed the door of the thatched cottage in the dark. The grass turns green again in spring, but what about you, my friend Prince? .
5. There were 10 poems describing mountain peaks and authors in Tang and Song Dynasties. Walking in the mountains-In the Tang Dynasty, Du Mu climbed the cold mountain with a sloping stone plank road, and there were people deep in the white clouds. Stop and sit in the maple grove late, and the frost leaves open in February. Antique-Li Bai went up to Xilianhua Mountain and looked at the stars all the way. He held hibiscus in his hand, and his imagination was too clear. "Looking at Yue"-lush, spanning Qi and Lu. The creator has given all mysterious natural grace here, and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. , Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy, and birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes. Once you climb to the top of the mountain and peek, you will see that other mountains are dwarfed under the sky ... Looking at Tianmen Mountain (Tang Dynasty) Li Bai's Tianmen interrupted the opening of the Chu River, and Higashi Shimizu flowed back here. The green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite, and the sails come alone. The sorrow of the Yangtze River in the mountains has stagnated, and Wan Li will return. The situation is high and windy, and the mountains are yellow. Farewell (one in the mountains, one in friends)
6. To find a beautiful poem about mountains, it is best not to specify which mountain is the best: Li Bai, Du Fu and Li Bai, sitting alone in Jingting Mountain, birds flying high, and lonely clouds going alone to relax. There seems to be no one on Jingting Mountain, Chai Lu, Wang Wei and Kongshan Mountain. However, I think I heard a voice, went back to the depths of the forest and took a picture of Zhongshan 1. Hundreds of mountains have no birds, and thousands of paths have no footprints. (Liu Zongyuan: Jiang Xue) 2. The ocean drained the golden river. (Wang Zhihuan: In the Lodge of Herons) 3. Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains are short under the sky ... (Du Fu: Looking at Yue) 4. Although a country is divided, mountains and rivers last forever, and the spring of trees and grass is back. (Du Fu: Looking at Spring) 5. There seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but it echoes. (Wang Wei: Chai Lu) 6. The bright moon rises in the Tianshan Mountains, in the vast sea of clouds. (Li Baishu Jiangxi stoma wall) 10. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain. Just because I'm in this mountain. (Su Shi: "Title Xilin Wall") Li Bai Qifeng looks at the clouds. Beautiful wood is exquisite. I swim alone on the Cangjiang River. It hasn't tasted all day. But the dwarf ridge is high. Why do you ask for spiritual differences? I don't want to go to the heart. When I return to Dancheng, I will come back here. Li Zhuo can't do anything. Stand upright and help each other, and help the world and people to see. The title Tianzhu Peak was written by Bai Juyi, who is too small to arch the Qiongtai, and the nine-year-old Sanzu Kremlin Town. Tianzhu peak is full of sun and moon, and the cave door is locked with clouds and thunder. Jade light, white orange and Jin Cuijia lotus compete for beauty. When I visited Zuo Ci, I was in a secluded place, Ziqing. Among them, Sleepy Mountain: The setting sun goes to the east, and the western Western jackdaw crosses the distant peak. Fishermen stop fishing and collect bait, and the shepherd boy plays the flute to make autumn wind. The sun faintly sees the sea, the mountains are blue and the cliffs are beautiful, and people are painting.