Iodine is an important raw material for the synthesis of essential thyroid hormone, which affects the production, development and metabolism of the body, and the brain is its first target organ. Iodine deficiency in embryos and infants will lead to mental retardation of different degrees in patients' life. The World Health Organization calls iodine deficiency hazard IDD, which is the main reason for the backward development of human intelligence. It has been proved that most of the development of the human brain is completed in embryo and infancy. In the whole process of intellectual development, if iodine intake is insufficient, it will produce a series of obstacles in the process of growth and development. Even if iodine deficiency is slight, it will cause mild mental retardation and last for life. However, serious iodine deficiency will cause obstacles to children's physical development, that is, short stature, delayed sexual development and low IQ. It can also cause premature birth, stillbirth, congenital malformation, deafness, deafness, dementia and so on. The common diseases are endemic goiter (coarse neck disease) and endemic cretinism. These damages are collectively referred to as iodine deficiency disorders.
Pay attention to the following points when eating iodized salt: 1. Residents in iodine-deficient areas must eat iodized salt scientifically and for a long time, otherwise once iodized salt is stopped, iodine deficiency disorders will recur; 2. Don't buy too much iodized salt every time, because iodine volatilizes for a long time; 3. The iodized salt container should be covered and placed in a dry, cool and high temperature place; 4. Add iodized salt when cooking. Do not use iodized salt frying pan, stew for a long time, cook for a long time, because iodine is volatile.
When buying iodized salt, the identification method is as follows: first, add vinegar to make iodate ion iodine oxide ion become iodine simple substance, and then add starch solution (rice soup or potato juice) to turn black, which is the real iodized salt.
It should be noted that iodized salt is mainly aimed at residents in iodine-deficient areas. Non-iodized salt should be bought in areas with high iodine, because high iodine, like low iodine, can also cause goiter and even hyperthyroidism. There is no need to eat too much iodized salt. Eating too much will cause other diseases.