Lie Bin (1844- 1930) is one of the main representatives of Russian critical realism painting in the late 9th century. He is good at social genre painting and figure painting, and many excellent works directly and widely reflect Ding's times. Lie Bin liked painting since he was a child, and later he was admitted to the Academy of Fine Arts through hard work. The Tracker on the Volga River is Lie Bin's first famous painting, which has been painted for more than three years. In order to create this painting, Lie Bin personally lived by the Volga River and made friends with the stalkers. He looked for different types of tracker images, observed them carefully, and drew many sketches to show trackers of different ages, personalities and postures. It is through a large number of sketches that Lie Bin grasped the typical characteristics of the Volga river trackers and made them very real, profound and unique. The Tracker on the Volga River is his famous work. When I was a student, the heavy work on the Neva River in Petersburg aroused Lie Bin's sympathy. From then on, he wanted to draw a picture of a tracker's work, so as to remind the lower working people of their miserable life and social injustice. /kloc-in the summer of 0/870, Lie Bin and his classmate Vasiliev went to the Volga River to sketch (he later painted a picture about the tracker). Typical Russian scenery and the life of a tracker left an unforgettable impression on him. In this painting, Lie Bin painted 1 1 a weather-beaten laborer, struggling to pull a rope on the hot beach by the river. Trackers have different experiences and personalities. They live at the bottom of society, but this is a team that has been trained to be tenacious and interdependent through suffering. The color of the background is dim and hazy, and the space is empty and strange, giving people a feeling of melancholy, loneliness and helplessness, which goes deep into the tracker's heart. It is also a true portrayal of the painter's mood, which plays a great role in reflecting the purpose of painting and setting off emotions. So the composition, lines, strokes and other painting techniques of this painting are quite successful.
1863, under the influence of the people's opposition to the czar's autocratic system and their struggle for freedom, 14 students of the Academy of Fine Arts in Petersburg, Russia refused to take the graduation examination according to the topics set by the Academy. They went to the society and formed a roving exhibition club. They created many works of art that exposed serfdom and reflected the miserable life of the Russian people. These works are novel in content, lively in form and full of fighting. They are exhibited all over Russia and have a great influence. They are called "itinerant painters". Among them, Lie Bin and Surikov are outstanding representatives.
In order to describe the painful life of Russian working people under the czar, he went to Volga twice before graduation, made a long-term observation on the life of the stalkers, drew many sketches, and became familiar with and understood their personalities and life experiences. After repeated deliberation and long-term brewing, Lie Bin's tracker is not only the bottom people who live in misery, but also a strong person with perseverance. In the composition, Bentley used the topography of the beach and the turning point of the river bend to make the 1 1 tracker look like a group of sculptures on a yellow raised base. The scenery of the Volga River is well laid out in the picture, which gives this small picture a grand and far-reaching feeling. It not only reveals the contradictions in reality, but also affirms the positive power of society, adding a new language to Russian genre painting.
Lie Bin (1844-65438+ several broken baskets on the beach add to the sad scenery of the picture. There are * * * 1 1 trackers in the painting, which are carefully portrayed by the artists and reflect their different ages, experiences, personalities and temperament. The leading tracker, named Kanin, wore patched clothes, his hands drooped, his rope was tight, and he endured physical and mental pain. The prominent figure in the middle is the boy in light clothes. He frowned and struggled to adjust the rope on his shoulder with his hand. It can be seen from his cocky posture that there is a potential resistance force in him. The latter two roles are in sharp contrast. A drooping head, walking blankly, a resigned look; One turned and stared at the owner behind him, with an aggrieved expression on his face.
This painting shows the image of a group of trackers with long and narrow banners: the sun is fierce on the Volga River in the distance and the beach is deserted. The close-up is only decorated with a few broken baskets buried in the sand, and the scenery is very sad. A group of ragged trackers are pulling a heavy cargo ship and walking slowly along the beach on the river bank. There are strong trackers, weak trackers, old trackers and young trackers. Their footsteps are so heavy that they seem to hear the dull and majestic echo of the song of the Volga boatman. Trackers are 1 1, which are roughly divided into three groups. Every image here has been carefully examined by Lie Bin, and the characters have been outlined. Their age, experience, personality, physical strength and their spiritual temperament are all different. In order to better show the tracker's personality and inner world, Lie Bin adopted a wide and horizontal composition, placing many characters almost parallel to the Volga River. The height of the characters is dispersed, which makes the picture form a powerful rhythm. The vast and magnificent Volga River is in sharp contrast with the tattered trackers who show great strength.
This painting was inspired by the poet Necrasov's poem of the same name:
Go to the Volga River,
People who complain about Russia on the river,
This moan is a sad song,
That is, the rickshaw puller is marching in pain.
This is a scene witnessed by the painter, which has become a lingering memory. Lie Bin decided to paint this scene of hard work. The long and narrow picture shows the tracker's team. The sun is scorching and the beach is deserted. The ragged tracker dragged the cargo ship with heavy steps. There are *** 1 1 people divided into three groups. Every image comes from sketching, and their age, personality, experience, physical strength and spiritual temperament are different, which are fully reflected by the painter and unified in the theme. The whole painting depicts the sky overhead in light green, light purple and dark brown, which makes the atmosphere dim and strengthens the tragic color of the whole painting.
There is such an episode in the film Schindler's List: a touch of bright red suddenly appeared in the black and white film, and it was a very cute little girl wearing a red skirt. Fascists arrested Jews in the street. The little girl hurried into a house facing the street and hid. Many Jews were arrested, but they didn't see the red color. After that, the film returned to the black and white world, until the scene of fascism cleaning up Jewish bodies appeared in the film, and suddenly there was a touch of red among the unloaded bodies, which was amazing and heartbreaking. Soon, the reddish color disappeared in black and white.
Somehow, looking at the boy in red in Lie Bin's famous oil painting The Tracker on the Volga River, I can't help thinking of the little girl in the red skirt in Schindler's List. Under Lie Bin's brush, the whole painting team is gloomy: the trackers have dark skin, ragged clothes and gloomy colors. Only that teenager is an exception. His clothes are bright red and his skin is fair. He is so eye-catching, just like a little girl in a black and white world.
In fact, Lie Bin's original intention may be to create this effect. He just wants to highlight teenagers. This teenager is in the center of the tracker group, 1 1 tracker, and he ranks sixth. All the trackers lean forward, only he leans back, and so on.
Why does the painter highlight the boy in red so much? The answer is not complicated. Doing this kind of hard and tiring work at an early age just shows how difficult people's lives were at that time, and it also shows that people in that society are suffering from cruel exploitation and are in a dark period. Is this the painter's intention to highlight the boy? Or, is the painter's portrayal of this image limited to this?
When the lovely little girl appeared in Schindler's List, the audience brightened up, and the long black-and-white world finally had a glimmer of light. For no reason, the audience fell in love with the "little red dress", and for no reason, the audience were sweating for her. When the "little red dress" walked briskly into the room and hid, everyone had a smile on his face. When no one found red among Jews captured by fascism, everyone's hanging hearts were relieved, because everyone thought that the little girl was all right and that the film gave people some hope. No one was shocked until I saw red again. At that time, everyone's hatred of fascism suddenly reached the extreme. The anti-fascist theme of the film made every audience really feel it here.
"Tragedy is to destroy beautiful things for people to see." Tragedy gives people the deepest pain. The director of Schindler's List knows this very well. Lie Bin afraid also thought of this.
In fact, if you carefully observe the image of the tracker on the Volga River, you will find something. The original identities of the trackers are different, but they are all trackers in the picture at this time. Although the age is different, people of every age have sex. The boy couldn't bear the heavy load because he had a fantasy from the beginning, and he wanted to get rid of the rope. Several young men are full of energy and can adapt to the work of pulling fibers. Hard work and extremely disproportionate remuneration make their dissatisfaction and anger accumulate to the highest point and may erupt at any time. Their resistance is the fiercest. After anger and resistance, the intense emotions of middle-aged people have been exhausted by hard life. Curses and resistance can't change their lives at all. They have understood that they can't change their plight anyway, but they haven't erased their human feelings. For others, their sympathy still exists. The old tracker has experienced everything, and life is hopeless. They have seen through it. The fate of young trackers is just repeating their fate. They are numb, and nothing will arouse their interest and attract their attention.
These trackers are pulling the same rope, and when they put their hands on the same rope, their fate is also tied to a rope. One end of the rope is tied to the young tracker who still has illusions, and the other end is tied to the numb old tracker. Knowing this, you will be shocked. Such a lively teenager may be the cold and hopeless old man tomorrow. This is as painful as the little girl who finally disappeared in the black and white world. The good things of that period, that society, will be destroyed!
Fortunately, oil painting is fixed, unlike movies, which have to be interpreted one shot at a time, and will eventually be destroyed for you to see. But it is because it is frozen that you are always worried about destruction. Then, you will think, maybe everything will be fine when that society doesn't exist.