Sleepwalking Tianmu sings farewell
Haike talks about Yingzhou, the smoke and waves are dim and it is hard to find a letter. The people of Yue are talking about Tianmu, and the clouds and clouds may be visible. Tianmu reaches the sky and stretches across the sky, pulling out the five mountains to cover Chicheng. The rooftop is 48,000 feet long, and it is tilted toward the southeast. I wanted to dream of Wu and Yue, and fly across the Jinghu Lake to the moon all night long. The moonlight would shine on my shadow and send me to Yanxi River. Xie Gong's residence is still there today, and the Lu River is clear and the apes are singing. Wearing Xie Gong's clogs, we climbed the Qingyun Ladder. Half of the wall can see the sea and the sun, and the sky can smell the chickens. Thousands of rocks and ravines, the road is uncertain, and the lost flowers leaning against the rocks are suddenly dim. Bears roar and dragons sing in Yinyan Spring, and chestnut trees in deep forests are astonishing at the top of the mountain. The clouds are green as if it is raining, and the water is sluggish with smoke. There was a thunderbolt when the columns were missing, and the hills collapsed. The stone door of the cave opens suddenly. The vast blue sky has no bottom, and the sun and moon shine on the gold and silver platform. Ni is the clothes, the wind is the horse, and the kings of clouds come and go one after another. Tigers, drums and harps come and Luan returns to the carriage, and immortals come and line up like hemp. Suddenly my soul palpitates and my soul moves, I suddenly start and sigh. But when I sleep on my pillow, I lose the ever-present haze. The same is true for pleasure in the world. Since ancient times, everything has flowed eastwards. Farewell, when will you come back? Let me leave the white deer among the green cliffs, and ride to visit famous mountains as soon as possible. An Neng flatters his eyebrows and bends his waist to serve the powerful, which makes me unhappy.
Note: Tianmu, the name of the mountain, is a beautiful place in eastern Vietnam, famous for its uniqueness. In the east of present-day Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province. It is connected to Tiantai in the east and Wozhou Mountain in the west. The highest peak is called Ba Yunjian. "Taiping Huanyu Ji. Jiangnan East Road. Yuezhou": "There is Tianmu Mountain in the southeast of Yan County. It is said that those who climb this mountain may hear the sound of Tianmu's songs." Yin is the name of a poetry style, and the content is mostly sighs and sighs. Sorrow, love, deep thought and so on. Haike, a guest on the sea. Yingzhou: According to legend, there are three sacred mountains in the East China Sea, namely Penglai, Fangzhang and Yingzhou, where gods live. Yue, today's Zhejiang area. Tianmu belonged to Yuezhou during the Tang Dynasty. Pull out, transcend. The five mountains are Mount Tai in the east, Mount Huashan in the west, Mount Heng in the south, Mount Heng in the north, and Mount Song in the middle. This refers to all famous mountains. Chicheng, the name of the mountain. In the north of today's Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province, it is the remaining vein of Tiantai Mountain. Tiantai is Tiantai Mountain, located in the northwest of Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province today. Forty-eight thousand feet is an exaggeration to suppress the Five Mountains, Chicheng, and Tiantai, and to highlight the height of Tianmu. Wuyue, Wujiangsu area, Yue, Zhejiang. This actually refers to Yue. Jinghu, also known as Jianhu, is an artificial lake built in the Han Dynasty in the south of Shaoxing County, Zhejiang Province today. Yanxi, the name of the water. In the south of present-day Shengxian County, Zhejiang Province, it originated from Tiantai and the upper reaches of Cao'e River. Along the Shan River, there are famous mountains and beautiful scenery, and the scenery is quiet. Li Bai also had the wish to "love the famous mountains and bring them to Shan". Xie Lingyun, a poet from the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, lived in the residence of Xie Gongsu. He was a young scholar, good at calligraphy and painting, and had a lot of poetry and prose. He loved to visit scenic spots and was good at carving natural scenery. He founded a school of landscape poetry in the history of literature. Xie Lingyun visited Tianmu and once stayed in Shanxi. His poem has the sentence "The manger casts himself in the middle of the mountain, and tomorrow he will ascend to the sky." Lu River, Lutong is green and clear water. Xie Gongzhi, "Book of Jin. Biography of Xie Lingyun" Xie Lingyun "If you are looking for mountains and ridges, you will definitely find steep mountains and rock barriers for tens of miles. Everyone is prepared to climb. Always wear wooden clogs with tweezers. When going up the mountain, remove the front teeth, and when going down the mountain, remove the back teeth. "Wearing these wooden clogs to climb or descend the mountain can keep the body balanced, and the world praises the public clogs for this." Qingyun Staircase, the mountains are high and steep. You can enter Qingyun by climbing up the stone steps. Xie Lingyun's "Climbing the Highest Top of Shimen": "It is a pity that we have no friends, so we can climb the Qingyun Ladder." Tianji, "Shu Yiji. Part 2": "There is Taodu Mountain in the southeast, and there is a big tree on it called Taodu, with branches Three thousand miles away, there is a rooster above. When the sun shines on this tree, the rooster crows, and all the roosters in the world follow it. "The road is uncertain and the mountain road is twists and turns. Yin, shocked. Out of stock, lightning. Cave Heaven, there is a separate heaven and earth in the cave, Taoists call it the place where gods live. Suddenly, the sound was huge. Qingming, the sky. Li Bai's "Song of Love": "There is the long sky of Qingming above, and the waves of Lu River below." Jinyin Terrace is the place where gods live. Guo Pu's "Poetry on Traveling to Immortals": "I see the immortals forming clouds, but I see gold and silver platforms." Ni, rainbow. The king of clouds, the god of clouds. "Chu Ci. Nine Songs" contains the chapter "Yun Zhongjun", which generally refers to the gods. Luan refers to a fairy bird in ancient times. White deer, legend has it that immortals often ride on white deer. "Songs of Chu. Mourning for Time and Ming": "The floating clouds and mist enter the underworld, and you ride on a white deer to accommodate yourself." Destroy the eyebrows and lower the eyebrows. Things, wait.
Translated poem: Visitors from the sea talk about the fairy mountain Yingzhou, saying that it is covered with layers of fog and vast waves, making it difficult to find. When people in Yue talk about Tianmu Mountain, they say it has strange peaks and strange scenery, with floating clouds and colorful clouds disappearing and appearing, which everyone can see and see. The Tianmu Mountain stretches to the sky, its majestic momentum exceeds that of the Five Mountains, and its beauty and splendor cover the Fairy Mountain Chicheng far away. Tiantai Mountain, towering into the sky, tilts to the southeast and is about to fall at its feet. Therefore, I hope to sleepwalk to Wuyue and have a glimpse of the fairyland resort. Unexpectedly, dreams come true, heaven fulfills people's wishes, and I fly to Jinghu Lake on a bright moon night. The bright moon on the lake shines on my figure and escorts me to Yanxi River. In the place where Xie Lingyun rested, the green water rippled and the apes cried mournfully. I put on Xie Gong's specially made wooden clogs and climbed the towering stone steps. When we reach the middle of the mountain, the red sun rises slowly from the sea, and the crow of the rooster can be heard in the blue sky. The stone paths in Fengyan Valley are winding and winding, and the fragrance of flowers is intoxicating. I can't help but lean against the mountain and rest on the rocks. Unknowingly, dusk has fallen. The loud roar of the bear and the loud roar of the dragon resounded in the valleys, forests and springs. The deep jungles trembled because of it, and the mountain peaks were also frightened. Dark clouds and heavy rain were coming. Vast smoke rises from the horizontal waves. There was lightning and thunder, and the mountains and peaks collapsed instantly. The stone door of the cave where the gods live opens suddenly, the cave is vast and the blessed land is vast, and the sun and moon shine on the gold and silver platform. The gods wore rainbows as their clothes and rode the wind as their horses. Under the leadership of Lord Yun Zhong, they descended from the dark sky one after another. Tigers play harps for it, Luan and Phoenix serve as drivers. The immortals lined up densely to welcome the arrival of a mortal like me. Suddenly I felt my heart tremble and my soul was shaken. Suddenly he stood up and sighed.
After waking up from the dream, the only thing I felt was the pillow and bed mat, but the magical dream suddenly disappeared. The pursuit of happiness in the world is like a dream, and everything from ancient times to the present is like water flowing eastward and will never return. Farewell to you today, when will we meet again? For now, leave the white deer among the green cliffs and rocks, and ride on it to look for famous mountain gods when traveling. How can I stoop down and lower my eyebrows to please the powerful, so that I cannot be happy and comfortable?
Explanation: This poem uses romantic techniques to describe the magical situation of dreaming about the fairy mountains, and vividly expresses the scene of the poet's travels. The poet has longed for Yan River and soared into a fairy world far away from the world of mortals in his dreams. He traveled among the magnificent and changing majestic wonders, climbed stone steps, admired mountain flowers, watched the changes in nature, and went to the place where the gods lived and interacted with them. All the immortals gathered together. Li Bai loved freedom and nature even more. After being frustrated in politics, he traveled to famous mountains and scenic spots to vent his grievances. This poem uses virtual reality to reflect the poet's yearning for the beautiful Tianmu Mountain. He returns from illusion to reality and criticizes and despises the powerful. It reproduces the poet's pursuit of freedom, his praise of nature, and his hatred of the society at that time. I know this poem by heart, and I really like its power. Although it is a dream, it is extremely romantic and beautiful. If I like Li Bai, I don’t just like his poems.
Appreciation of "Dream Wandering in Heaven and Saying Farewell"
This is a poem about dreams and also a poem about traveling to immortals. The majestic artistic conception, unpredictable changes, colorful artistic images, and novel expression techniques have always been recited and are regarded as one of Li Bai's masterpieces.
The title of this poem is "Farewell to the Dukes of Donglu", which was written after leaving the Imperial Academy. After three years of Tianbao, Li Bai was given gold and returned by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. This was a great political failure for Li Bai. After leaving Chang'an, he traveled to Liang, Song, Qi, and Lu with Du Fu and Gao Shi, and lived in Donglu's home for a period of time. At this time, Donglu's home was already quite large, so he could spend time at home enjoying himself and cultivating his character. But Li Bai did not do this. He had an unstable soul and had higher and further pursuits, so he left his home in Donglu and embarked on a wandering journey again. This poem was written when he said goodbye to the Dukes of Donglu. Although it has been many years since he came out of Hanlin, the resentment of political setbacks is still simmering in his heart, so he makes such a passionate cry at the end of the poem.
Li Bai spent his whole life wandering among mountains and rivers, loving mountains and rivers, and reaching the state he dreamed of. The sleepwalking described in this poem may not be completely imaginary, but whether it is imaginary or not, sleepwalking is more suitable for transcending reality and making it easier for him to use his imagination and exaggeration talents.
"Haike people talk about Yingzhou, and it is hard to find letters in the misty waves; people in Yue people talk about Tianma, and the clouds are bright and dim, or visible." The poem begins by talking about the overseas fairyland in ancient legends - Yingzhou. , ethereal and cannot be sought; but in reality, Tianmu Mountain disappears and appears in the colorful clouds, which is really better than a fairyland. The use of virtuality to set off reality highlights the scenic beauty of Tianmu, and implicitly contains the poet's yearning for Tianmu Mountain. The writing is full of magic and fascinating.
Tianmu Mountain is close to Yan River. Legend has it that climbers heard the singing of the immortal Tianmu, hence its name. Tianmu Mountain is opposite to Tiantai Mountain, with steep peaks and mountains. Looking up at it, it seems as if it is on the surface of the sky, and it is as dim as falling into a fairyland. It can easily cause visitors to have wild fantasies. The mountains and rivers of eastern Zhejiang are the places that Li Bai has longed for since his youth. When he first came out of Sichuan, he once said, "This trip is not just for the sake of persimmons. I love the famous mountains and go to Shanzhong." He had traveled there more than once before entering the Imperial Academy. Not only was he very passionate about the mountains and rivers here, he was also very familiar with them.
Tien Mu Mountain is known as a unique and beautiful place in Eastern Vietnam. But compared with other lofty mountains, such as my country's five famous mountains - the Five Sacred Mountains, their status in people's minds is still very different. However, Li Bai boasted in his poem that it "overwhelms the Five Mountains and covers Chicheng" and is taller and taller than the Five Mountains. The famous Tiantai Mountain is tilted as if it is bowing at the feet of Tianmu. This Tianmu Mountain is described as towering into the sky, reaching into the sky, majestic and extraordinary. This Tianmu Mountain in the dream should be said to be the phantom of the strange mountains and ridges that Li Bai experienced in his life. It is the exaggerated shadow of the Tianmu Mountain in reality in Li Bai's writings.
What follows is a magnificent and changing scene: Tianmu Mountain is hidden in the bright and dim clouds, which arouses the poet's desire to explore. The poet entered a dream, as if under the clear light of the moonlit night, he flew across the mirror lake. The bright moon reflected his shadow on the Mirror Lake, and then sent him to land at the place where Xie Lingyun once rested. He put on Xie Lingyun's specially made wooden clogs and climbed up the stone path that Xie Gong had climbed - Qing Qu Lai. All I saw was: "Half of the wall you can see the sea and the sun, and you can hear chickens in the sky. Thousands of rocks with unpredictable paths, and the lost flowers leaning against the rocks are suddenly dim. Bears roar and dragons sing in Yinyan Spring, chestnut trees deep in the forest are astonishing at the top of the mountain. The clouds are green and it's like rain, and the water "The sky is full of smoke." After flying over, I wrote about what I saw in the mountains. The stone paths were winding, and the light was dim in the mountains. I saw the sun rising over the sea and the roosters singing. This was originally a scene of dawn, but it was also charming and leaning against the mountain flowers. While the stone was resting for a while, I suddenly felt that dusk was coming, and the change of dusk and dusk was so sudden. In the twilight, the roar of bears and dragons reverberated throughout the valleys, making the deep forests tremble and the tops of the mountains startled. Not only the living bears and dragons express their emotions with their groans and roars, but even the tops and deep forests can tremble and startle. The smoke, water, and blue clouds are all full of gloom, integrating with the poet's emotions to form a unified atmosphere. In the previous part, Tianmu Mountain was described romantically, which is both high and strange; here again, it is romantically lyrical, both deep and far away. This strange state is already shocking enough, but the poet does not stop there. The poetic state turns from strange to absurd, and the whole poem reaches a climax.
In the thrilling deep twilight, in an instant, "the mountains collapsed", and a fairy world "suddenly opened", "the blue sky is vast and bottomless, the sun and the moon shine on the gold and silver platform. The clothes are bright and the wind is bright." Horses and kings of clouds come and descend one after another. "The blessed land of cave heaven appears here. The "Lord of the Clouds" wears a rainbow as his clothes, drives the wind as a horse, the tiger plays the harp, and the luan drives the car. They are all ordered by the poet's pen to rush to the fairy mountain for the grand event. What a grand and lively scene this is. "The immortals are lined up like hemp"! The immortals seemed to be lining up to welcome the poet's arrival. The golden platform, the silver platform and the sun and moon complement each other. The scenery is magnificent and colorful. How shocking and dazzling! The grand gathering in the Fairy Mountain is a reflection of human life. In addition to the impressions of the thousands of valleys and mountains he experienced during his long-term wanderings, the inspiration and influence of ancient legends and Qu Yuan's poems, there are also traces of the three years of Chang'an's palace life. All of these are condensed through the extraordinary imagination of romanticism. Such a brilliant and colorful depiction.
It is worth noting that this poem is about sleepwalking in a wonderland. It is different from other poems about traveling to immortals. It has deep emotions and fierce protests. It is not really based on illusions, but on the ethereal description of the world of immortals. , still focusing on reality. The mind travels to the fairyland in heaven, and the mind feels that "the same is true for pleasure in the world."
The fairyland suddenly disappeared, the dream was shattered, and the poet finally returned to reality in panic. After the dream is shattered, people no longer soar lightly in the dream as they please, but lie heavily on the pillow mat. "In ancient times, everything flows eastwards" contains the poet's frustrations and deep feelings about life. At this moment, the poet feels that the most soothing thing is "Let's put the white deer among the green cliffs and ride to the famous mountains as soon as possible." The fun of wandering around the mountains and rivers is the most satisfying, which is what is said in "Spring Night Banquet from Di Peach Garden Preface": "The ancients held a candle and went out at night, which was a good thing." At first, the poetic meaning seemed to be exhausted at this point, but in the end it was Angrily, he added two sentences: "An Neng is able to bend his eyebrows and bend his waist to serve the powerful, which makes me unhappy!" He vented the depression of Chang'an for three years. The pen that flew from the sky illuminates the theme of the whole poem: the yearning for the famous mountains and fairyland is born out of the struggle against the powerful. It sings the voice of many people who have never seen their talents in feudal society. In the hierarchical feudal society, how many people succumb to the powerful and how many are buried in obscurity! The Tang Dynasty was more enlightened than other dynasties and paid more attention to talents, but this was only in comparison. Talents at that time still couldn't get rid of the humiliating status of "the state of being a concubine". The word "bending one's waist" came from Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Because he was unwilling to endure humiliation, he wrote the word "go back". Although Li Bai was favored by the emperor, he was just a Ci minister. Some information about the humiliation he suffered in the court can probably be obtained from these two lines of poems. The feudal monarch called himself the "Son of Heaven", ruled the world, and elevated himself to the supreme position, but he obliterated the dignity of all people. The decisive attitude expressed by Li Bai here is a glance of contempt for the feudal rulers. In feudal society, there were not many people who dared to think and say this. Li Bai said it and did it. This is what makes him extraordinary and great.
The content of this poem is rich, tortuous, bizarre, and changeable, and its images are brilliant, fluid, and colorful, which constitute the romantic and gorgeous sentiment of the whole poem. Its subjective intention was originally to promote the rather negative thought of "everything has flowed eastwards since ancient times", but its style is high-spirited and unrestrained, with an unyielding spirit flowing through it without any depression. feeling.