1. It comes from Jiang's surname. According to legend, Emperor Yan Shennong was born in Jiang Shui and took Jiang as his surname. Sun Boyi, the 17th Emperor of Yandi, assisted Dayu in controlling water, and was awarded the title of Lu Hou, so his descendants also took Lu as their surname. Jiang Shang, the 37th generation grandson of Lu Houboyi, namely Jiang Taigong, also known as Lu Shang and Lv Wang, assisted Zhou Wenwang and King Wu in destroying Shang Lizhou and was sealed in Qi. Qi was passed on to Sun Wengong and Jiang Chi, the 8th Taigong, and the second son of Wengong was sealed in Gaoyi, called Gongzi Gao. According to the aristocratic etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty, his grandson took his ancestor's name as his surname, and named him Gao Nuo. When Gao Biao was the Shangqing in Qi State, he welcomed Xiao Bai, the son, as the monarch, which was Qi Huangong. Gao Xi became the ancestor of the famous Bohai Gao family. Gao Xi, the seventh Sun Gaozhi, was pushed out by Gongsun Zao and Gongsun Fan in Qi State, and went out to rush to Yan. Sun Gaoliang, the 9th generation of Gaozhi, was Stuart of the Song Dynasty, and Sun Gaohong, the 1th generation of Gaozhi, was the commander of Bohai Sea in the Eastern Han Dynasty. From this, the Gaos in Bohai Sea began to multiply and became the largest group of Gaos. Gao Yin and Gao Zhan, one of Gao Hong's descendants, founded Yuyang Gao's and Liaodong Gao's, and another descendant Gao Jian founded Guangling Gao's. Gao Boxiang, a descendant of Bohai Gaoshi, founded Jingzhao Gaoshi again. Four of Gao's five noble families spent money from Bohai Gao. Therefore, most of today's Gao descendants are descendants of Bohai Gao.
2. Take the word Wang Fu as the surname. According to "A Brief History of the Clan", the son of Qi Huigong is called Gongzi Qi, with a high word, and his descendants are also Gao's and Shandong Gao's. Qi Hui was the son of Qi Huangong Xiaobai and his concubine Shao Weiji in A.D., and served as the monarch of Qi for 1 years. Qi Huigong's son is called Gongzi Qi, whose word is Gao, and his descendants also take Gao as their surname.
3. He comes from another ethnic group or his surname is changed to give his surname, and the minority surname is changed to Gao surname. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty carried out reforms and carried out the policy of sinicization. One of the measures is to change the compound surname of northern Hu people into a single surname of Han people. During this period, the Xianbei nationality changed its surname from Lou to Gao. According to the Book of Wei, some Xianbei people changed their surname to Gao's, and in the Sixteen Kingdoms, Emperor Murong Yun of Houyan claimed to be a descendant of Levin (one of the legendary five emperors), so he changed his surname to Gao Yun, and some of his descendants changed their compound surname to single surname and called Gao, which was for Gao in Hebei. From the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty to the early years of the Republic of China, there were a lot of changes in Manchu surnames to Han surnames, some of which were transliterated from Manchu surnames to Han surnames, and Gao Jiashi was changed to Gao's.
Gao Longzhi, an important official in the Northern Qi Dynasty, was originally named Xu, and his father was adopted by Gao, an aunt-in-law. Because he was named Gao Qian after his surname, he was a Baishui county magistrate in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Gao Longzhi also changed his surname from following his father's surname to Gao. He was an important minister in the North Qi Dynasty. After he was killed for some reason, the Northern Qi Emperor Gao Yin ordered his brother Gao Ziyuan to inherit the title of Yangxia King, and the descendants of Gao Ziyuan developed in Qixian County, Henan Province, and became a local family. In addition, Gao Lishi, the eunuch of the Tang Dynasty, was the great-grandson of Feng Ang, whose real name was Feng, and was adopted by Gao Yanfu, so he changed to Gao.
When Gao established the Northern Qi regime, the surname Gao became the national surname of the Northern Qi, so the Emperor of the Northern Qi gave him the surname Gao as a gesture of kindness. Yuan Jing 'an was awarded the title of Duxiang Male in Xihua County by Gao Huan for his meritorious service in the Battle of Mangshan. After Gao Yang established the Beiqi regime, he was given the surname Gao in 55 (the first year of natural forest protection). In addition, Yuan Wenyao was also highly valued by Gao Yang and Gao Yan when he was in the Northern Qi Dynasty. In 566 (the second year of Tiantong), the late ruler Gao Wei sent a letter to give him a special surname. Their descendants took Gao as their surname.
according to a brief history of clans, Koryo, a feudal country on the Korean peninsula, was changed to Gao's after Yu Zhen's. Koguryo was originally an ancient tribe in the Hunjiang River valley in northeast China, and was under the jurisdiction of Xuantu County in the Han Dynasty. In 37 BC, Go Jumong, the tribal leader, made his capital in Gusheng (now Huanren, Liaoning Province) and established Koguryo. Gao's rule in Koguryo lasted for more than 6 years. In 3 AD, Koguryo moved its capital to the domestic city (now Ji 'an, Jilin), and in 427, it moved from the domestic city to Pyongyang. Because the king of Koguryo was Koguryo, during the existence of ancient Koguryo, Koguryo had a high political status. Some of them moved to the mainland of China. For example, Gao Yun, whose grandfather Gao He is a branch of Koguryo, is a descendant of Levin, so Gao is his surname. During the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Gao Lin, a general who was once named as the Hou of Juye County, was descended from Koguryo, and the fifth ancestor Gao Zong joined the Northern Wei Dynasty and was worshipped as the first leader of the people. Because of Gao Lin's outstanding military exploits, one of his sons was dubbed the Duke of Xuchang County. The descendants of Gao Lin developed in Juye, Shandong Province and Xuchang, Henan Province. Gao Xianzhi, a general of the Tang Dynasty, was also a Koguryo. He served as a military officer in the Tang Dynasty when his father kept chickens. He also went to Anxi with his father and later became a famous military general in the Tang Dynasty. Its descendants also settled in Miyun County, Beijing.
4. The surname of the two words beginning with the word "Gao" was changed to "Gao" as the surname. For example: Gao Che's, Gao Dong's, Gao Tang's, Levin's and Gao Ling's.
Second, the distribution and migration of Gao's surname in history
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Gao's main activities were in North China, and one of them was in the late Warring States Period. After the Chu State was defeated, it entered the Chu State through the land of wuyue and finally arrived in Hainan. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Gao's footprints have spread all over North China, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia and the Central Plains. The end of the Eastern Han Dynasty was the heyday of Gao's surname, and the most famous Bohai Gao's surname was formed in the Bohai Gang County area. In the Western Jin Dynasty, the surname Gao mainly migrated to the north and northeast. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Gao was forced to emigrate to southern Shaanxi and western Shu because of the demise of the Northern Qi Dynasty. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Gao's main activity place was still north of the Yangtze River, but he continued to migrate to Sichuan and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. During the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties, a large number of Gao migrated to all parts of the south of the Yangtze River, especially to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Gao entered Taiwan Province.
during the song dynasty (96-1279), there were about 89, people named Gao, accounting for 1.15% of the national population, ranking 15th. Anhui is the largest province with high surname, accounting for 15.6% of the total population of the country and 3.1% of the total population of Anhui. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Anhui, Hebei, Shaanxi, Henan and Sichuan provinces, which account for 62% of the total population. Secondly, it is distributed in Shanxi, Hubei and Zhejiang, and the number of high surnames in these three provinces is 2. The whole country is centered on Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi and Hebei, and the distribution zone of high surname is radial to northeast, northwest and southeast.
during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), there were about 93, people named Gao, accounting for about 1% of the national population, and it was the 19th surname in the Ming dynasty. In the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the net population growth rate was 2%, while the population with high surname basically did not increase, far below the growth rate of the national population. In 6 years, the net increase rate of middle-aged and high-aged population was 4, with a net increase of 4,. Shandong is the largest province with high surname, accounting for about 18.8% of the total population with high surname. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Shandong, Jiangsu (12.5) and Zhejiang (12.2), and the high surname in these three provinces accounts for about 44% of the total population of the high surname. Secondly, it is distributed in Shanxi, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hebei, and the number of high surnames in these four provinces is 29. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the general distribution pattern of Gao surname changed greatly, and its population mainly migrated from the north to the southeast and northwest, especially to the areas of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi. Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Shaanxi and Shanxi have re-formed three areas with high surname population.
III. Population and distribution of contemporary high surnames
The population of contemporary high surnames has reached 14.52 million, ranking 15th in China, accounting for 1.21% of the national population. In the past 6 years since the Ming Dynasty, the population of middle and high surnames has surged from 93, to more than 14.5 million, up to 15 times. The average population of the Ming Dynasty was close to 93 million, and the contemporary population was 1.2 billion, which increased 13 times. The growth rate of the population with high surname is higher than that of the whole country. In 1 , the growth rate of the population with high surname showed a "V" shape. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces, accounting for about 3% of the total population of Gao. Secondly, it is distributed in Hubei, Hebei, Henan, Sichuan and Guangdong, and these five provinces have concentrated 31. Shandong is the largest province with 14.6% of the total population of Gao, accounting for 2.3% of the total population of the province. The Bohai Bay and the eastern coastal areas have formed a high proportion of regions with high surnames. In the past 6 years, the degree and direction of population movement with the surname of Gao have been greatly different from those in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, especially the migration direction from the east to Central China and North China has been greater than the migration from north to south and east. At the same time, the migration to the southwest and south has become an important mobile flow.
Fourth, the county with high surname in history
2. Yuyang County: Yan in the Warring States repelled Qin Kai from Donghu County. Named after the Yang of Fish and Water. After high concealment and high vision.
3. Guangling County: Han Dynasty. This branch of Gao's family is after Gao Jian, the great-grandson of Gao Rui, the satrap of Wu Danyang.
4. Henan County: In the Han Dynasty, it was changed to Sanchuan County in Qin Dynasty. This branch of Gao's family started after Gao's of Xianbei nationality.
5. Liaodong County: The county built by Yan in Warring States repelled Qin Kai from Donghu. After high vision.
5. Genealogy table of Gao's surname Jiang (Bohai Gao) (from Jiang Shang, Qi Taigong in the Western Zhou Dynasty to Gao Shize's family in the Southern Song Dynasty, this table was compiled according to historical records, new Tang Dynasty books, clan records and other local Gao's genealogy, so please don't modify it without conclusive evidence)
Genealogy table of Gao's surname Jiang (including two Gao's of Gongzi Gao and Gongzi Qi)
1st generation. Ziziya)
2nd Qi Dinggong (Jiang Bi)
3rd Qi Yigong (Jiang De)
4th Qi Guigong (Jiang Cimu)
5th Qi Aigong (Jiang Buchen), Hu Gong (Jing Jiang) and Xian Gong (Jison)
6th Qi. Offering a son)
Qi Ligong (Jiang Wuji) in the 7th
Qi Wengong (Jiang Chi) in the 8th
Qi Chenggong (Jiang Shuo) in the 9th, Gong Zigao (Wen Gong's second son)
Qi Zhuanggong (Jiang Gou) in the 1th and Gong Sungui (Gao Zi)
Qi Ligong (11th). Qiaojing Zhong)
12th Qi Xianggong (Jiang Zhuer), Qi Huangong (Jiang Xiaobai), Gao Zhuangzi (Tiger)
13th Qi Huigong (Jiang Yuan, Huan Gongzi), Gao Xiezi (Qing), Gao Yan
14th Gongzi Qi (Huigongzi, with a high word). The word zi Liang, the later generations are unknown), Gao Zili (thick son), Gao Zhang (Yanzi)
17th-century Gao Zhi (Zi Lizi, the word zi Rong, came out together to rush to swallow), Gao Liangfu (Zhang Zi)
18th-century Gao Shu (stop son), Gao Chai (good master, The ancestor of Houyutang)
19th-century Gaoyu (vertical)
2th-century Gaoyu Zang
21st-century Gaoshi
22nd-century Gaoban
23rd-century Gao He, 24th-century Gaoquan (Hezi) and Gaoqiong (Xiagong). Gao Yan (vault)
26th generation Gao Feng Ming (Junzi)
27th generation Gao Ding
28th generation Gao Yi
29th generation Gao Cheng
3th generation Gao Ze
31st generation Gao Bu Yi
32nd generation Gao Ran. The ancestor of Gaos in Bohai Sea)
36th generation Gao Mao
37th generation Gao Rui
38th generation Gao Bao (word Xuanren)
39th generation Gao Wei
4th generation Gao Cheng (Wei Zi, word Wenxiu), Gao Zhu (Rui great-grandson, ancestor of Gaos in Guangling)
41st generation. The word celebrates birthday)
42nd Gao Na (word filial piety)
43rd Gao Da (word style far)
4th Gao Yue, Gao Yi, Gao Yin and Gao Han
45th Gao Zhan (about son, Yuyang, ancestor of Gaos in Liaodong), Gao Qing (Yinzi)
46th Gao Zhan, Gao Jing, Gao Tai (Qingzi)
47th Gao Shu, Gao Yi (Zhanzi), Gao Tao, Gaohu, Gao Heng (Taizi)
48th Gao You (Zhuozi). Prime Minister of Northern Wei Dynasty), Gao Zhen, Geba, Mi and Zhi (Huzi)
49th generation Gao Zhen (Youzi), Gao Shu, Gao Fan (Mi's son)
5th generation Gao Biao (vibrator), Gao Huan (Prime Minister of Eastern Wei Dynasty), Gao Chen (Shuzi) and Gao Yue (Fanzi) < Prime Ministers of the Tang Dynasty), Gao Shining, Gao Shilian, Names in the early Tang Dynasty)
The 53rd generation of high performance, quality, sincerity, purity, prudence (Shi Lianzi)
The 54th generation of Echo Gao and Jin Gao (performance)
The 55th generation of Gao Shao, Gao Shu (Xuan Zi), Gao Pi and Gao Qian (Jin Zi)
The 56th generation of Gao Qian. Gao Xuan (Zi Yuzi)
58th Gao Boxiang (proton, ancestor of Jingzhao Gao) and Gao Yue (Xuan Zi)
59th Gao Ying (Bo Xiangzi, Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty), Gao Deng (Yuezi)
6th Gao Ding, Gao Wenju (Yingzi), Gao Zhongwu (Dengzi)
61st Gao Shunli (Wenjuzi), Gao Mian (Zhongwuzi)
62nd Gao Siji, Gao Sixiang (Shunlizi), Gao Ba (. Northern Song Dynasty military commanders), Gao Wenyu (Xing Guizi), Gao Qiong (Northern Song Dynasty fierce military king)
65th Gao Shanggong, Gao Shangjun (Huaidezi), Gao Jixun, Gao Jizhong, Gao Jilun (Gao Qiong)
66th Gao Yongneng (Wen Yusun, Northern Song Dynasty military commander, the ancestor of Shaanxi Lao Gao), Gao Zunyu and Gao Zun. Gao's ancestor in Fujian and Guangdong)
Gao Changzhi (Liangzi), Gao Gonghui, Gong Ji, Gong Tai (Qiong Xuansun, ancestor of Jiangsu and Zhejiang branches)
Gao Shize (Gong Jizi), Gao Shiying, Gao Shijie
Gao Baizhi and Gao Qianzhi (Shi Zezi) in p>7
. Later, he was killed for hiding a lead block in the building and hitting Qin Shihuang.
2. Gao Changgong: Also known as Gao Xiaoxing, he is brave and good at fighting, and often defeats the enemy. Wuyi's high-powered general is the grandson of Gao Huan, a self-made hero and romantic prime minister, who was a general in the Northern Qi Dynasty and the founder of the Northern Qi Dynasty. He was the fourth son of Emperor Sejong Wenxiang of the Northern Qi Dynasty and was named Warrior Lanling. According to the Book of the Northern Qi Dynasty, he is "soft in appearance and strong in heart, with beautiful voice and appearance." He should be a handsome man with heroic spirit and one of the four handsome men in ancient China (Ji Kang, Zhou Yu, Gao Changgong and Yang Hua).
3. Gao Shi: a poet in the Tang Dynasty, as famous as Cen Can, and also known as "Gao Cen". His "frontier poems" describe frontier scenery, soldiers' life and people's sufferings. His masterpiece is Yan Ge Xing.
4. Gao ruli: Prime Minister Jin You, who was appointed as the Lord protector. People in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province today. It has played a certain role in the implementation and development of paper money. It also played a certain role in the political and economic development of the state of Jin. Integrity.
5. Gao Kegong (1248—131): painter of Yuan Dynasty, whose name was Yan Jing, whose first name was Fangshan, was Uighur.