Evolution of Vietnamese

In history, Vietnam has been directly ruled by the central government of China for a long time. Since the Song Dynasty, it has been closely related to the Central Plains in a semi-independent or subordinate state. Qin Shihuang unified the six countries and opened up Lingnan. Today, the northern and central parts of Vietnam belong to Xiang County. After the death of Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo, the commander-in-chief of Nanhai County, established the kingdom of South Vietnam, dominating one side, and the original county was divided into two parts-Jiaodi and Jiuzhen. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty unified South Vietnam, and the northern and central parts of Vietnam were once again directly under the central government. Chinese characters are accepted by local people and gradually become the language of local administration and education. In the Tang Dynasty, Chinese characters were widely used. Today, most of the Chinese characters preserved in Vietnamese are the standard Chinese pronunciation of the Tang Dynasty. Of course, like Japan and South Korea, it has undergone some transformation. In addition, there are ancient sounds (ancient Chinese and Vietnamese) and modern sounds. The languages used by Vietnamese in ancient and medieval times were Vietnamese and Chinese, and writing was a kind of Chinese characters. Ancient Vietnamese loved Chinese characters and called them "our own characters".

/kloc-after 0/0 century, Vietnamese invented the word Nan, also called Nan. This is a kind of square character similar to Chinese characters. Some directly borrow Chinese characters, such as "Nan", "Zhu" and "Wen"; Some use some parts of Chinese characters, such as "",to mean "that"; There are also people who use Chinese characters to create new words, such as ","which means "heaven". Purple South is an unsystematic writing, which is not rigorous in itself. It is difficult for ordinary people to learn. They must be familiar with Chinese characters before they can learn them. It is better to learn Chinese characters directly. However, the ancient Vietnamese created a large number of literary works with Nan characters, which have been passed down to this day. Ruanyou's Jin Zhuan is the representative work of Zi Nan's poetry. For more than 1000 years, Chinese characters and characters have coexisted in the world. Only the Hu Dynasty and Xishan Dynasty attached importance to the word "Nan", and other dynasties did not advocate or even oppose it. Scholars liked this Vietnamese writing very much. Ci Nan has promoted the development of Vietnamese culture.

/kloc-In the 6th century, European missionaries came to Vietnam. In the process of learning and using Vietnamese, they recorded Vietnamese in Latin letters. At first, they had their own plans, and then they gradually unified and developed into a mature phonetic symbol. 165 1 year, the French missionary Rhodes published the Latin Dictionary of Vietnamese and the Eight-Day Lecture on Vietnamese Pinyin in Rome, marking the official birth of Vietnamese Pinyin. Rod is regarded as the founder of Vietnamese phonetic symbols.

From the middle of18th century, French colonialists invaded Vietnam step by step, promoted phonetic alphabet, abolished imperial examinations, restricted Sinology and abolished Chinese characters. Pinyin characters have taken root in Vietnam. 1945 After Vietnam became independent, Pinyin characters were designated as legal characters-Putonghua characters.