1. "A feeling of coming out of the gate to welcome the coolness at dawn on an autumn night"
Lu You [Song Dynasty]
Thirty thousand miles of river flows eastward into the sea, and five thousand mountains rise Go up to the skyscraper.
The remaining people shed tears in the dust and looked south to see Wang Shi for another year.
2. Translation
The thousands-mile-long Yellow River flows eastward into the sea, and the thousands-foot-high Huashan Mountain towers into the clouds and touches the blue sky.
The people of the Central Plains have shed all their tears under the oppression of the Hu people. They have been looking forward to Wang's Northern Expedition for year after year.
3. Appreciation
To understand this poem, you must understand "Five Thousand Renyue Mountains". Some people say that it is Mount Tai, because Mount Tai is the highest and is listed first among the five mountains. , many kings of the past dynasties also went to Mount Tai to worship, and it seems appropriate to use the Yellow River and Mount Tai as symbols of the great mountains and rivers of the Central Plains; Lai Hanping believed that Yue refers to Mount Huashan, because the Yellow River and Mount Huashan were both in the area occupied by the Jin people. The "Yue" in Lu You's poems refers to Mount Hua. The evidence can be found in "History of Song Dynasty: Biography of Lu You" and Lu You's poems. There is such a record in "History of Song Dynasty: Biography of Lu You": "Wang Yan proclaimed Fuchuan and Shaanxi, and appointed him as an official. You was Yan Chen's enterprising strategy, thinking that the strategy of the Central Plains must start from Chang'an, and the capture of Chang'an must start from Longyou. " From this we can see that Lu You's strategy to regain the Central Plains was to enter Longyou through Sichuan, capture Chang'an first, and then rely on the barrier in Guanzhong to attack and retreat, and regain the Central Plains like Qin. There are many such examples. Lu You put so much thought into this piece of land, which shows that his ideas run through the entirety of his poetry creation. Therefore, the mountain in "Five Thousand Ren Mountains Climbing the Sky" naturally refers to Huashan Mountain. .
"Thirty thousand miles of river east enters the sea, and five thousand mountains reach the sky." With two sentences, one horizontal and one vertical, the shape of half of China in the northern Central Plains is clearly, abruptly, and boundlessly displayed. The majestic and majestic mountains and rivers symbolize the loveliness of the motherland and the people's perseverance, leaving plenty of room for imagination. However, it makes people feel extremely indignant that the great rivers and mountains are in the hands of the enemy. The artistic conception of these two sentences is expanded and profound, and the neat confrontation is still a waste of time.
"The remaining people shed their tears in the dust, and look south to see Master Wang for another year." With a sudden change in the sentence, I suddenly felt that the storm was rising, and the poetic realm expanded in a more profound direction. The word "tears run out" has been repeated thousands of times, and contains infinite bitterness. The tears that have been shed for more than sixty years have long since run out. But even if "eyes are dry and blood will eventually see", those survivors who cherish their motherland still look to the south; the dust raised by the Jin cavalry can't stop them from looking forward to the king's master. The heavy oppression of the people of the Central Plains, the long history of torture, and the unswerving and urgent desire to restore their faith have all been fully expressed. With "Hu Chen" as the background of "End of Tears", the emotion becomes even more painful. The word "and" in the conclusion expands the upper limit of time. Year after year they looked forward to the Southern Song Dynasty's Northern Expedition, but year after year this wish came to nothing. They didn't know that the monarchs and ministers of the Southern Song Dynasty had completely forgotten them.
The poet wrote about the bitter hope of the survivors in the North, in fact, he was expressing his own disappointment. Of course, they kept looking forward to it. The people's patriotic enthusiasm is like a dancing flame suppressed in the ground, getting stronger and stronger over time; while the ruling group of the Southern Song Dynasty was drunkenly dreaming and dying by the West Lake, leaving behind the great rivers and mountains, the hatred of the country and the hatred of the family, it can be said that they have been dead for a long time. The poet's cry for the survivors was intended to arouse the vigilance of the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty and arouse their aspirations for recovery.