1, rhetorical device. Looking at the rhetorical devices used in the whole poem, there are mainly dual, metaphor, personification, metonymy, exaggeration, parallelism, repetition, analogy, overlap, truth and synaesthesia.
2. Expression. Explain what expressive methods poets use to express their thoughts, such as borrowing scenery to express their feelings, chanting things to express their feelings, etc.
3. theme. What kind of theme does the author want to express, such as worrying about the country and the people, looking forward to the future, homesickness and positive optimism.
From these three aspects, it is basically a complete appreciation. Of course, the most important thing is to read more poems and improve your classical Chinese, otherwise you can't even do basic translation, let alone appreciation.