Fade, fade! Hu Bugui? If it's not for the king, why are you still showing it! Fade, fade! Hu Bugui? If it's not for the monarch, why are you still in the mud! Note that the people are engaged in service, upset and unjust rulers.
Type: as a language aid. Micro: ignorance, dusk
Wei: no, dewdrop: dewdrop.
Invert the text to rhyme. Bow: the body.
This is probably the shortest poem in the Book of Songs. However, such a simple poem has been interpreted by thousands of people for thousands of years.
Mao Dui said, "Hou Li lived in Wei when he fell, and the ministers advised him to return to China." Modern people say that this is the complaint of people who serve hard labor.
If we take the former view, then poetry is: the form is getting worse and worse, getting worse and worse! Why not go back? If it weren't for you, how could I be in the thick dew with you? The form is getting worse and worse! Why not go back? If it weren't for you, how could I be stuck in the mire with you? According to the historical background mentioned in Mao's preface, this poem is the advice given by courtiers. Hou Li was driven by the land and abandoned the country to stay in Wei.
Guo Wei assigned him two cities to live in. Hou Li can return to China later, but he doesn't want to come back. In the later Three Kingdoms, Adou's happiness can be traced back to here.
Judging from his courtiers' eagerness to exhort, the form is really troublesome. People in China seem to be complaining about Hou Li's happiness. Of course, courtiers should do their duty of remonstrance, so they wrote this poem to remonstrate. If the latter statement is adopted, then the poem becomes: It's dark, it's dark, why don't you go home? If not the boss, why am I here? It's getting dark, it's getting dark, why don't you go home? It's not the boss's health. How can I get stuck in the mud? By contrast, who is right and who is wrong? Who is superior and who is inferior? Loud and clear.
According to the class consciousness of modern people and the so-called revolutionary spirit of the people, the only thing that can be shown is that the exploited and oppressed workers are complaining, but there is no poem at all. Such "folk songs" are worse than limerick.
Indeed, poetry does not achieve its goal, and it is easy to achieve it. However, is poetry not good? There's nothing.
Easy to get nothing? It has not been explained. The so-called "poetry is unattainable" is purely the words of future generations to interpret poetry.
Articles are written at the right time, songs and poems are written at the right time, and the poet has a kind of original intention and machine heart. How is it possible to allow future generations to interpret poetry at will? Writing poetry is a profession, while interpreting poetry is just another profession.
Career and occupation, similar in appearance and different in feelings, are often antagonistic. Shu Ting, a modern poetess, has a famous poem "To the Oak Tree".
If I love you-I will never learn to climb the Campbell flower and show off myself with your high branches; If I love you-I will never learn from spoony birds and repeat monotonous songs for the shade; It is not just like a fountain that brings cool comfort all the year round; It is not just like a dangerous peak, it increases your height and sets off your dignity. Even sunshine and even spring rain, no, these are not enough. I must be a kapok beside you, standing with you as a tree.
Roots, clinging to the ground; Leaves, touching in the clouds. Every time a gust of wind blows, we greet each other, but no one understands us. You have your copper branches and iron shafts, like knives, swords and halberds. I have my red flowers, like a heavy sigh, and like a heroic torch, we share the cold wave and lightning; We * * * enjoy the misty rainbow; It's like being apart forever, but it's a lifetime dependence. This is great love. Loyalty is here. Love not only loves your stalwart body, but also loves the position you insist on and the land under your feet.
This is a love poem popular in the misty poetry school. However, according to her account, this poem was originally written by an old gentleman at a meeting, who spoke highly of discrimination against women, in order to express his dissatisfaction with this kind of male chauvinism.
However, once this poem was circulated, it blossomed and became a popular love poem. The poetess had no choice but to smile.
Put yourself in others' shoes. If someone of us modern people wrote such a poem complaining about the "boss", would our "boss" sing such a poem at the workers' literary evening? Just as poets always use the word "far-fetched" when refuting Mao's preface, I might as well give them two words here: "absurd"! "People's nature" is not equal to folk songs, and a correct understanding of "people's nature" is an attitude to understand the essence of the Book of Songs.
Of course, "human nature" exists in people's thoughts, words and deeds, and the thoughts and actions of slaves and civilians show human nature. However, there are always some advanced thinkers and a group of advanced knowledge groups in an era, and it is they who lead the people to create advanced culture. Don't these intellectuals or thinkers represent human nature? Looking at people's nature narrowly from their origins, composition and status will only lead to countless jokes.
An understanding of urgent needs
Fade, fade! Hu Bugui? If it's not for the king, why are you still showing it! Fade, fade! Hu Bugui? If it's not for the monarch, why are you still in the mud!
Taifeng decline comes from the Book of Songs, and the national style is Taifeng. This poem describes the eagerness of family members looking forward to the return of their relatives who served abroad. The poem captures the feeling of being late for the moment, and a series of questions and questions express strong feelings, including concern for relatives in the mud frost and resentment against the behavior of "Jun". Because this poem is interpreted as persuasion, and scholars who have studied this poem in past dynasties are mainly Mao, the word "decline" has gradually evolved into the image of "seclusion" in China's classical poems, such as Tang's "No wonder I yearn for a simple life, sighing old songs, alas, I am going back!" ("Weishui Farmhouse"); Meng Haoran's "Go to your hometown and send it away" ("Send Dr. Xin to Hubei"); Guan Xiu's poem "The east wind comes and the song fades, and the Taoist priest in the deep cloud calls back" ("General Biedu") and so on, also illustrates the influence of this poem on later generations.
It's getting dark, why not go back? If it weren't for the monarch, how could he disclose the suffering of water! It's getting dark, why not go back? If you are not driven by the monarch, how can you work hard in the mud! Type: as a language aid. Micro: ignorance, the words in the book of songs at dusk literally mean that it will be dark; But it can be extended to: the decline of the royal family originally refers to the decline, and the gradual change is insignificant.
This little poem, in which little people complain about hard labor, reminds people of Kafka's short story When the Great Wall of Wan Li was Built. The broad masses of people were ordered to build the Great Wall, which is said to be the imperial edict of the distant capital emperor. The capital is too far away to imagine, and the emperor doesn't know who he is, let alone why he built the Great Wall, so he has to build it anyway. The life situation revealed in this fable novel is probably suitable for the living conditions of all small people. Little people don't have most extravagant hopes and endless ambitions, just want to eat and wear warm clothes and be safe. Their simplicity, honesty and ignorance coexist. Just like Ah Q written by Lu Xun, when rowing, when they paddle and smash rice, even if they are told to sit down, they only dare to stand. They just "bury their heads in pulling carts" and never "look up at the road". Therefore, Lu Xun said that the reason why he wrote Ah Q was to "mourn his misfortune and anger his indisputable". As a nobody, I dare to complain. My words of complaint can be recorded in books and become classics to educate future generations, including rulers and ruled. This is a very interesting phenomenon. It makes people think, is it ignorance or a tactic for those who try their best to maintain their own rule and record their dissatisfaction with their own rule and pass it on to future generations?
As for the theme of this poem, the Preface to Shi Mao said that he was driven by Di and exiled to Wei, and his ministers advised him to return to China. Liu Xiang's Biography of Nuzhen Shun said that Wei Hou's daughter married Li Zhuanggong, but she didn't accept her. Someone advised her to come back, but she "insisted on chastity to the end, not violating women's morality, so as to follow you all your life" and gave this poem a clear ambition. Both theories are far-fetched, because there is no historical evidence for women in Hou Li or Li Zhuang. Yu Guanying thinks that "this is the complaint of the convict" (The Book of Songs) is the most incisive poem. Every two chapters of this poem begin with "Decline, Decline, Hu Bugui". It's dark, it's dark, why don't you go home? The poet then confessed the reason: "Because of the micro-monarch, Hu Lou is exposed in the middle"; "The bow of Weijun is in the mud." It means to work day and night in the dew and mud all year round for the monarch and to support his noble body. In just two chapters and a few words, the inhuman situation of the enslaved people and their resentment against the rulers left a deep impression on the readers. In art, this poem has two characteristics. One is to strengthen the language effect by asking questions. Judging from the whole poem, "Decline, Decline, Hu Bugui" does not ask questions with doubts, but deliberately asks questions with preconceived ideas. Suffering from the oppression of the rulers, the poet worked in the wild day and night, and his family could not come back, which was miserable. It is natural for him to pour out his grievances, but if he is outspoken, it is easy to exhaust them. Adopting this kind of questioning form, which is undoubtedly pretentious and suspicious, makes the poem look sad, but it is also eye-catching and thought-provoking. The so-called self-pity, deep and no resentment. The second is to use rhyme to set off the emotional atmosphere. The poem * * * consists of two chapters and ten sentences, which not only rhyme, but also rhyme in each chapter. Therefore, the whole poem is compact in structure, short in rhythm and urgent in mood, which fully expresses the pain of workers and the growing determination to abandon tyranny. From the analysis of the rhyme used in this poem, the first chapter uses micro rhyme and fish rhyme, and the second chapter uses micro rhyme and invasion rhyme, which is more suitable for expressing mourning and sad feelings. Poets with emotional rhymes, through the emotional tone reflected by rhymes, make poetry fully emphasized. Therefore, Fang Yurun commented on this poem: "The language is simple and profound, and China has infinite meaning. Careless people have not read it." (Original Book of Songs)
The content of The Book of Songs. Decline, original text.
My family is poor and I can't support myself by farming.
There are many children at home, and there is often no food in the rice jar, so it is impossible to make a living. My relatives and friends have advised me to go out and be a small official. I have the same idea in my heart, but I have no way.
There happened to be a trip to other places, and all county chiefs took the care of talents as their virtue. My uncle recommended me because he thought I was poor, so he appointed me as an official of the town. At this time, the war has not subsided, and I am afraid to go far away.
Pengze county was only a hundred miles away from his hometown, and he came down when the grain harvested by the farm was enough to make wine. But after a few days, the idea of missing the countryside and returning home came into being.
Why? Because my nature is frank and natural, I will not be forced to be artificial; Being hungry and cold is an urgent matter, but if you go against your heart, it will make people feel very painful. Although I used to be an official, I was driven by life; So I feel annoyed, excited and ashamed of my life wishes.
But I still want to wait until after the autumn harvest, so I packed my bags and left overnight. Soon, my sister who married the Cheng family died in Wuchang. She was in a hurry to attend the funeral, so she gave up her official position and left her job.
From autumn to August to winter, he was an official for more than 80 days. In order to express my inner feelings about this matter, I named this article "Looking Back".
That was 1 1 month of the second year. Go home, the countryside will be deserted. Why don't you go back? Since your mind is driven by your body, why should you be sad alone? I realize that what I did wrong in the past is irreparable, but my understanding of the future is still too late to make up for it.
Although I have gone astray, it is not too far. Now I understand that it is right to go back to other places now, but it was wrong to be an official before. The boat floated briskly in the water, and the breeze blew my clothes.
Ask the distance in front of pedestrians, only hate the hazy morning sky, not very bright. As soon as I saw my humble home, I ran away happily
The servants at home came to meet them, and the children waited at the door. The path in the yard is deserted, only pine trees and chrysanthemums are still there.
Take the children by the hand and enter the room. The wine is ready. Pick up the hip flask and pour it yourself. It is very pleasant to look at the trees in the yard.
The body relies on the south window to place pride, deeply feeling that a simple room can also make people happy and satisfied. It is interesting to walk in the garden every day. Although the house has a door, it is often closed.
Swimming around on crutches, sometimes looking up at the distance. The clouds in the sky naturally floated out from the edge of the mountain peak, and the birds didn't know they were back until they were tired of flying.
The sun is slowly setting in the west, and the sun is about to set. I'm still stroking that independent pine tree, and I can't bear to leave. Go home and let me break off my friendship with the world.
Since secularism goes against my feelings, what do I want to pursue when driving? Talking to my relatives makes me feel good, and playing the piano and reading can make me feel good. Farmers told me that it was spring and they were going to farm in the fields in the west.
Sometimes I take a covered car, and sometimes I row a boat. Sometimes through the winding deep ravines, and sometimes through the rugged hills.
Seeing the trees grow sturdily, the spring water slowly flows down. I really envy the vitality of all things in nature and sigh that life is coming to an end.
Forget it! How long can life between heaven and earth last? Why not let it be with your own thoughts? Why do you fidget all day and want to go somewhere? Prosperity is not my wish, nor can I look forward to the realm of immortals. When the weather is fine, go out for sightseeing alone, or put the crutches aside and do some weeding and seedling raising work.
Sometimes I climbed up the hill in the east and screamed loudly, and sometimes I sang poems by the clear water. Let's follow the changes of nature to end this life and hold the idea of a happy life. What is there to doubt? .
What rhetorical devices were used in the decline of The Book of Songs?
Rhetorical question: Strengthen the language effect by asking questions.
Judging from the whole poem, "Decline, Decline, Hu Bugui" does not ask questions with doubts, but deliberately asks questions with preconceived ideas. Suffering from the oppression of the rulers, the poet worked in the wild day and night, and his family could not come back, which was miserable. It is natural for him to pour out his grievances, but if he is outspoken, it is easy to exhaust them. Adopting this kind of questioning form, which is undoubtedly pretentious and suspicious, makes the poem look sad, but it is also eye-catching and thought-provoking. The so-called self-pity, deep and no resentment.
If it's not for the king, why are you still showing it! If it's not for the monarch, why are you still in the mud! These two sentences are rhetorical questions. Rhyme: Use rhyme to set off the emotional atmosphere.
The poem * * * consists of two chapters and ten sentences, which not only rhyme, but also rhyme in each chapter. Therefore, the whole poem is compact in structure, short in rhythm and urgent in mood, which fully expresses the pain of workers and the growing determination to abandon tyranny. From the analysis of the rhyme used in this poem, the first chapter uses micro rhyme and fish rhyme, and the second chapter uses micro rhyme and invasion rhyme, which is more suitable for expressing mourning and sad feelings.
Poets with emotional rhymes, through the emotional tone reflected by rhymes, make poetry fully emphasized. Question: Ask "Hu Bugui" first, and the following sentence is an answer.
Repeat: Fade, Fade, Hu Bugui-twice.
Urgent, Yu Guanying's explanation of decline in the Book of Songs
Cross the road, cross the road.
Lou. Bow, do everything possible to maintain your rule, record your dissatisfaction with your rule and pass it on to future generations, which becomes a classic for educating future generations, including rulers and ruled: body, resentment can be recorded in books, as a small person, dare to complain and be helpful.
Twilight, Hu Bugui. Now watch.
This is a very interesting phenomenon, it will get dark; But it can be extended to: the decline of the royal family originally refers to the decline, but now it refers to the gradual insignificance, and it is also a small poem that little people complain about because of hard work. The words in The Book of Songs literally mean.
Typing, Hu Bugui? The bow of the micro-monarch, Hu Weiwei in the mud? Decline: refers to the decline of things from prosperity, reminiscent of Kafka's short story When the Great Wall of Wan Li was Built. The broad masses of people were ordered to build the Great Wall, which is said to be the imperial edict of the distant capital emperor.
The capital is too far away to imagine, and no one knows who the emperor is, let alone why the Great Wall was built. It has to be built anyway. It reminds people? Why is Hu Weiwei exposed because of Wei Jun? Decline.