Why are there small Japanese characters above Chinese characters in Japanese? What does it mean?

Why are there small Japanese characters above Chinese characters in Japanese? What does it mean?

This is: Shinkana.

Furigana (Japanese: 神り仮名, furigana) is also known as furigana. It refers to the kana phonetic symbols in Japanese that are mainly used to represent the pronunciation of other characters such as Chinese characters and are appended above or around them. When printing, the basic text is based on size 7 characters and alias size 5. Its alias is ルビー (derived from English Ruby), so sometimes the printed kana is also called ルビ.

When writing straight, the kana is usually written on the right.

When writing horizontally, katakana is usually written at the top, and hiragana is often used. This is because katakana is mainly used to transliterate foreign words:

日本(にっぽん)

But there are exceptions. For example, the pronunciation of the Japanese word "Shanghai" is taken from the Chinese word "Shànghǎi". Because it is a foreign language pronunciation, katakana is more commonly used.

Other foreign place names using Chinese characters, such as China and North Korea, are often marked in this way.

There are also exceptions. For example, many place names in Taiwan are names given during the Japanese colonial period. They continue to use Japanese names, so they use hiragana.

Katakana is also used to mark foreign nouns with Chinese characters.

In addition, often in modern lyrics, poems or other special articles, Chinese words are used with similar meanings or synonymous terms. Why is there Chinese in Japanese?

What you call "Chinese" is only called kanji in Japanese. This is because when Japan sent envoys from the Tang Dynasty and envoys to China, Chinese characters were introduced to Japan. , a text that has been used to this day, but the pronunciation is completely different. The pronunciation of some Chinese characters can be vaguely distinguished from the pronunciation of some Chinese characters. Most of them are basically understood literally and have the same meaning as Chinese.

In addition, speaking of kana, it is a phonetic symbol based on the cursive variation of Chinese characters. It is also an important part of the Japanese language. Each Chinese character has a certain pronunciation, which can be read through kana To mark it out, this is why some Chinese characters are marked with kana. Why is there Chinese in Japanese?

It is not certain when Chinese characters were introduced to Japan, but it is generally believed that Chinese characters were brought to Japan in the 5th century AD by some Buddhist monks from India via scriptures from China and Korea. And incoming. Chinese mainly inserts unique Japanese particles into Chinese articles, so that Japanese users can follow Japanese grammar to read articles written in Chinese characters.

Later, a phonetic system called Manyo Kana was developed, which was derived from the "Man'yoshu". Manyo Kana uses a set of designated Chinese characters, purely by their pronunciation. Japanese poetry. Manyo kana, written in cursive script, later evolved into today's hiragana. Women who were not allowed to receive higher education at that time could also use this set of hiragana to write Japanese. Most women's literature during the Heian period was written in hiragana. Katakana also developed in a similar way: students in the temple separated part of the kanji into katakana, which was used to mark the pronunciation of the kanji and Japanese particles in Chinese.

As the Japanese writing system matures and develops, kanji are now used for most nouns, adjectives and verbs, while hiragana is used to write verb endings (sending kana), pure Japanese vocabulary, or notations Vocabulary that is difficult to write in Chinese characters. Hiragana is also used to mark the pronunciation of Japanese kanji (hiragana), and to write books for people who are not proficient in kanji, such as children and Japanese language learners.

Katakana is used for onomatopoeia and foreign words due to its square structure. The habit of using katakana to write foreign words came relatively late. The foreign words were originally written in Chinese characters to express their meanings, such as "tobacco" representing "tabako". But now, in turn, many foreign words are replacing ordinary words. Some linguists estimate that one-third of the Japanese commonly used today is loanwords and Japanese-made English.

Japanese includes Japanese (native) and foreign languages. Nowadays, most of the kanji in Japanese belong to written language. And in fact, since the 19th century, in the process of learning from the West, China has also introduced a lot of vocabulary from Japan. For example, modern Chinese politics is basically passed from Japan. So it's not just Japan that's learning from China, China is also learning from Japan. Why is there Chinese in Japanese?

During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese characters were introduced to Japan from China. At that time, the Japanese sent overseas students to China to dig for gold, just like we go to them to dig for gold today. In Japanese, you can always see Chinese characters below and several Japanese characters above. What does it mean?

When pronouncing it, say Japanese above. The following Chinese characters are called dang kanji in Japanese. The one below is how to write that word, and the one above is how to read it, also in Hiragana.

Please adopt if you are satisfied

Why is there Chinese in Japanese

Because Japanese scholars came to China to study Japanese and brought Chinese characters back with them, but Chinese characters were too difficult , so the Japanese did not learn it very proficiently, and then Japanese became Chinese with Japanese characteristics. Japanese also has Chinese, so what does "神神" mean in Japanese?

Japanese: spirit.... ..

Kana: せいしん...

Romaji phonetic pronunciation: seishin...

Chinese: (psychological) )Spiritual will, spiritual consciousness, strength, idea; "jing, qi, spirit".

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The Japanese word "spirit" comes from the "Chinese" word "spirit".

However, "spirit" in ancient Chinese includes the meaning of "jing, qi, and spirit".

The Japanese word "spirit" inherits the meaning of "spirit" in ancient Chinese.

Therefore, the Japanese word "spirit" includes both "psychological level" spiritual will, spiritual consciousness, strength, and ideas. It also means "material energy level", "jing, qi, spirit". What does Yima c mean in Japanese and Chinese?

Yima c=います

Question: Is so-and-so here?

Answer: What does the Japanese word above (います) mean?

Japanese Heart Pill is the name of a Japanese medicine, which is equivalent to the "Jiuxin Pill" type of drug.

Does the Japanese song Lost Butterfly have Chinese lyrics? What does it mean?

lost butterfly

VO: ルルテイア

ロストバタフライ

Butterfly 巷娨うよUnderground Iron Labyrinthさ

はばたいてもはばたいても见つからないExit

Someday もし君にそんな日がvisitたら

思い出して思い出してPUはhereにいるよ

心せのmeaningはたぶん心のnumberだけあって

だけどそれじゃ多すぎて

See Lost servant ら

さあ粲り回すような日がゆっくり后変えてゆく

热るほど婿つく梦というクモの糸

Jun Hagen 热がし飞ぶのなら日さえ session くだろう

美しくsolubleければいい笑み见せながら

Anyway いつの日か日とは无多れ行く

それでもいいそれでもいい君にPUは Meeting えた

Far away away from れてもLucky せは praying for れるよ

成かなくても成かなくても君の歌を为ろう

生まれたmeansはきと死にゆく时気づける

だけどそれじゃ遅すぎて

巷娨うよPUら

さあ 変われるから君は君で在り続けるのさ

君が声嗄らしcalled ぶなら三日月さえ fall ちるだろう

茌軇わずゆくがいいかすかな光でも

缲り回すようなdailyがゆっくり后変えてゆく

ほど鲁みつく梦という クモの糸

君が feather root burnt がしfly ぶのなら日さえ session くだろう

美しくsoluble ければいい smile み见せながら

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BUTTERFLY samayouyo chikatetsuwameikyuusa

habataitemo habataitemo mitsukaranai deguchi

SOMEDAY moshikimini sonnahiga otozuretara

omoidashite omoidashite bokuwakokoniiruyo

shiawasenoimiwatabun kokoronokazudakeatte

dakedo worejaoosugite

miushinau bokura

saa kurikaesuyounanichijouga ukkurimiraikaeteyuku

aseruhodokaramitsuku yumetoiuKOMOnoito

kimigahanekogashitobunonara taiyousaetodokudarou

utsukushiku tokerebaii hohoemi miseragara

ANYWAY itsunohika hi towaminna wagareyuku

soredemoii soredemoii kiminibokuwaaeta

FAR AWAY hanaretemo shiawasewa inoruyo

todokanakutemo todokanakutemo kiminoutawotsukurou

umaretaimiwa kittoshiniyukutoki kitsukeru

samayouyo bokura

saa oshitsubusuyounagenjitsuwa kittokimiwokaerudarou

kawarerukara kimiwakimide aritsudsukerunosa

kimigakoekarashisakebunara mikadsukisae ochirudarou

tamerawazu yukugaii kasukanahigaridemo

kurikaesuyounanichijouga ukkurimiraikaeteyuku

aseruhodokaramitsuku yumetoiuKOMOnoito

kimigahanekogashitobunonara taiyousaetodokudarou

utsukushiku tokerebaii hohoemi miseragara

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Butterfly is wandering Oh, the subway is a maze.

Although I flap my wings and fly high, I can't find the exit.

Someday, if I meet you one day,

Remembering, remembering, I will be here!

The meaning of happiness probably lies only in the "number" in your heart,

But because we pursue too much, we lose it.

Hey! The days that come and go will slowly change the future.

Intertwined almost anxiously are the "threads of clouds" called dreams.

If you flutter your wings in a hurry, you will also fly to the sun!

Melting beautifully and with a smile.

Anyway, I don’t know when to say goodbye to everyone,

Either way, this way, I met you.

Far away, even though I am far away from you, I am still praying for happiness.

Even if it can’t be passed on, even if it can’t be passed on, I will write a song for you!