On the patriotic theme of Lu You's poems

The change of lifelong patriotic feelings before and after entering Shu inherited Zeng Zeng's poetic style and praised Tao Yuanming, Li Bai, Du Fu and Cen Can. Lu You (1125 ~1210) was born in Yinshan, Yuezhou. The second year of his birth coincided with the Jingkang Rebellion, and he left the Central Plains for the south with his father Lu Zai. When he was young, he often saw his parents "talking about state affairs, or biting their teeth, or crying, and everyone wanted to kill themselves and wear royalty." ("Postscript of Fu") Therefore, he made the ambition of "mounting a horse to attack crazy Hu and dismounting a grass army book" ("Random Thoughts on Viewing Great Customs") very early. Lu You took the Jinshi exam at the age of 29. He was jealous of Qin because he ranked ahead of his grandson. He was fired at the second interview, and he didn't become an official until Qin Gui died. In his later career, he was dismissed twice for arguing with gold. However, Lu You's patriotic feelings remained unchanged throughout his life. He has been looking forward to the opportunity to kill the enemy and serve the country and recover the Central Plains. Until his death, he told his children and grandchildren earnestly in his last poem "Xiuer": Everything is empty after death, and there is no sorrow in Kyushu. Julian Waghann Beiding Central Plains Day, don't forget to tell Nai Weng about the family sacrifice! At the beginning of Dunan, most upright scholar-officials had the ideal of resisting Jin Xingguo. However, with the signing of Shaoxing peace talks, the surrender route of the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty gradually gained the upper hand, and many literati gradually became passive. The theme orientation of the poems of Chen, Chen and others in their later years, who first praised the patriotic theme in the Southern Song Dynasty, turned to study, life and mountains and rivers, which is a clear reflection of this situation in the poetry circle. Lu You is different from others. Even when there was no hope of recovering the Central Plains, he persisted in his ambition and called loudly for resisting the enemy and rejuvenating the country. He is really the most outstanding representative of patriotic poets in the Southern Song Dynasty. Lu You's life experience can be roughly divided into three periods: first, he was appointed as a judge of Zhenjiang before the age of 45, and then resigned because of sponsoring Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition; Second, he joined the army in Shuzhong from the age of 46 and was dismissed at the age of 65; Thirdly, after I was 66 years old, I lived in rural Yin Shan for 20 years. The process of Lu You's poetry creation can also be divided into three stages, of which the second stage is the key period for Lu You's poetry to mature. In his later years, Lu You recalled that when he was stationed in Nanzheng at the age of 40, there was a great change in his creation, that is, before the poet suddenly saw Samadhi, Qu Jia was vivid in his eyes ("I read a poem on September 1 and thought I would write a song"). This change does not mean the change of the theme of poetry, because the content of Lu You's early poems has been quite enriched, and the main theme of worrying about the country and the people has been established. At the age of 37 or 38, he once wrote famous articles, such as Wu Wen Zhou Junbao, which was restored to the Western Zhou Dynasty and Send Seven Brothers to Yangzhou to Mu Shuai. Lu You's "Poet Samadhi" means that he was inspired by the intense and luxurious military camp life in Nanzheng, which is located in the front line of anti-Jin, and realized that he wanted to change the poetic style of early "algae painting" and pursue the bold style. Because only this style is most suitable for Lu You's grand ambition of establishing outstanding achievements, his passionate feelings of patriotism, his uninhibited personality and the pulse of the times reflected in Lu You's poems, once Lu You finds this style suitable for himself, his creation has made a qualitative leap. As Zhao Yi of A Qing said: "Since the Battle of Bashu, the grandeur of the poems about letting off Weng has changed." Seven ancient masterpieces in Ou Bei Shi Hua (Volume VI), which best embody Lu Ji's heroic style, such as Journey, Hu Wuming, Long Songs (Life is not an Qi Sheng), Guan Shanyue, Autumn Night is Long in Chengdu), were written in the ten years after Lu Ji entered Sichuan, indicating that the dominant style of Lu Ji's poetry was laid in Bashan. It is for this reason that Lu You named his collection of poems "Jian Nan Poetry Draft". In addition to modesty, I dare not forget to worry about my country: Lu You of Hangzhou, speaking of Lu You, is generally called a "patriotic poet". However, this is only a simple conclusion from a literary point of view. In fact, Lu You is not only literature, but also ideology, humanities, politics and even military affairs, which are closely related to Hangzhou, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty at that time. Therefore, Hangzhou is of more special and important significance to Lu You. At the same time, for Hangzhou, Ying Jie in the Southern Song Dynasty should be: Yue Fei in martial arts and Lu You in literature. However, due to various reasons, Lu You has not received due attention in Hangzhou today, and his thoughts and humanistic spirit have not been promoted. Therefore, putting forward "Lu You in Hangzhou" is a new vision to re-examine Lu You from the perspective of Hangzhou, revealing the importance of Lu You in Hangzhou with rich historical materials, so that people can better understand Lu You, and then Lu You can get its due commemorative position in Hangzhou, and its cultural achievements and ideological spirit can be better. It can be said that people who study Hangzhou literature and history, as well as Hangzhou citizens, cannot but know Lu You. The ups and downs of his life are closely related to the country and Hangzhou. His Hangzhou poems are an important part of Hangzhou's history and valuable cultural wealth.