Enemy soldiers rolled in like dark clouds in an attempt to tear down the city wall; Our army was ready, and the sun shone on the armor, glittering with gold. In autumn, the loud bugle sounded; The soldier's blood became dark in the night.
The red flag rolled half, and the reinforcements rushed to Xiao; The night frost is heavy and the drums are gloomy. Just to return the king, sword and death.
The source of this poem is "Wild Goose Gate Taishouxing" and the author is Li He.
Translation:
Enemy soldiers rolled in like dark clouds, and the city wall seemed to be about to collapse; Because our army is strict, the sun shines on the armor and the golden light flashes.
In autumn, the loud bugles shake the earth; At night, the soldiers' blood clots turned purple.
The red flag is half-rolled, and reinforcements rush to Xiao; The night is frosty and the drums are gloomy.
Just to repay the king's kindness, he died with a sword in his hand!
Precautions:
Wild goose gate satrap: the title of ancient Yuefu. Yanmen, county name. Guyanmen County, located in the northwest of Shanxi Province, is the junction of the Tang Dynasty and the northern Turkic tribes. Ok, Song Xing, a poetic genre.
Dark clouds: This describes that the smoke and dust of the war are overwhelming and diffuse near the border town, and the atmosphere is very tense.
The city is about to be destroyed: the wall seems to be about to collapse. Destroy, destroy
Armor light: the light emitted by armor against the sun. Armor refers to armor and battle clothes.
To the sun: one is "to the moon".
Golden scales: describe armor shining like golden scales. This sentence describes the tense atmosphere and critical situation in Enemy at the Gates.
Horn: A wind instrument in the ancient army, mostly made of animal horns, was also a horn in the ancient army.
"plug" sentence: There is purple soil near the Great Wall, so it is called "purple plug". Yan pang, that is, rouge, deep red. The night is purple, showing a deep purple in the twilight. Coagulation, coagulation. It says here that in the sunset, the soil condenses like rouge, and purple is more colorful. The words "swallowing fat" and "purple at night" both describe the blood on the battlefield, which means that the blood of soldiers on the frontier is condensed into purple on a cold night.
Professor: Approaching, arriving, approaching.
Yishui: the name of the river, a tributary of the upper reaches of the Daqing River, originated in Yixian County, Hebei Province, and flowed southeast into the Daqing River. Xiao is far from the fortress, so Jing Ke's story is used to express the tragic significance. During the Warring States Period, Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin, and Yan Taizi Dan and others sent him to Yishui. Jing Ke sang generously: "The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man is gone forever!"
Sentence of first frost Heavy: A work "first frost heavy, can't afford to drum up the cold". The frost is heavy and cold, and the first frost is cold. The drums are dull. No sound, describe the drum sound is low.
Report: repayment.
Huang Jintai: It is located in the southeast of Yixian County, Hebei Province. It is said that it was built in Yan Zhaowang during the Warring States Period.
Meaning: trust and reuse.
Yulong: the name of the sword. Legend has it that Lei Huan once got a jade box with two swords, which became a dragon after entering the water.
Jun: The king.
About the author:
Li He (790-8 16) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word Changji was born in Fuchang (now Yiyang West, Henan Province). In the Tang Dynasty, when the royal family married far away, the family background had already declined, life was difficult and the official career was destroyed. Zeng Guan served Li Lang. To avoid family secrets, I was forced not to take the Jinshi exam. He became a poet in his early years, known to Han Yu and Huang Fushi, and befriended Shen Yazhi. He died at the age of 26. His poems are longer than Yuefu, and show more political dissatisfaction. He is good at casting words, galloping imagination, using myths and legends to create novel and magnificent poetic scenes, which is unique in the history of poetry. Yan Yu's Cang Lang Shi Hua is called "Li Changji Style". Some works are gloomy and the language is too elaborate. There is "Long Valley Collection".
Creative background:
There are two versions about the age of this poem. The first view is that this poem was written in the 9th year of Tang Xianzong Yuanhe (8 14). At that time, Tang Xianzong took Zhang Xu as our time and led the troops to quell the rebellion (mutiny) in Yanmen County. Li He improvised poems to boost morale and made this song "Wild Goose Gate". Secondly, according to Tang Zhanggu's Leisure Advocacy, Li He gave Han Yu a scroll to read. This poem was placed at the beginning, and Han Yu also appreciated it after reading it. Yuan and two years (807).
Zhu Shiying, the former executive director of the China Ancient Chinese Literature Society, speculated from some legends and records about the poem "The Wild Gate's Taishouxing" that this poem may be about the war between the imperial court and the buffer region. In the era when Li He lived, rebellion broke out one after another and wars continued. For example, in the fourth year of Yuan Dynasty (809), Wang Chengzong's rebels attacked Yizhou and Dingzhou, and patriotic general Li led his troops to help counter the rebellion. In the ninth year of Yuanhe (8 14), Li took the lead, broke through the tight encirclement, attacked Wu Yuanji's rebels, and went belly-up.
Appreciate:
Yan Men Tai Shou Xing is an old topic in Yuefu, and many songs about the frontier war have been sung since the Six Dynasties. Li He's poem is a draft, and it is also a shocking war picture. The whole poem consists of eight sentences.
The first four sentences are about the scene before sunset. The first sentence not only talks about scenery, but also about things, which successfully exaggerates the tense atmosphere and critical situation in Enemy at the Gates. The word "dark clouds crush the city to destroy" vividly reveals the number and fierceness of the enemy, the disparity in strength between the warring parties and the difficult situation of the defenders. The defenders in the city are compared with the enemy outside the city. Suddenly, the situation changed, and a ray of sunshine penetrated through the clouds and reflected on the armor of the soldiers guarding the city, only to see glittering and dazzling. At the moment, they are preparing to fight. Here, daylight is used to show the camp and morale of the defenders, and the scene is very wonderful. It is said that Wang Anshi once criticized this sentence, saying, "When dark clouds overwhelm the city, is there still light in the sun?" Yang Shen claimed that he had indeed seen such a scene, accusing Wang Anshi of saying, "Song Lao's headscarf doesn't know poetry." In fact, the truth of art and the truth of life cannot be equated. When the enemy besieged the city, there may not be dark clouds. When the defenders are in array, it is not necessarily the sun that shines and cheers. Dark clouds and sunshine in poetry are the means for poets to create environment and create meaning.
The third sentence and the fourth sentence describe the gloomy and miserable battlefield atmosphere from the auditory and visual aspects respectively. It's already late autumn, and all the trees are crumbling. In the dead silence, the horn sounded. Obviously, a thrilling battle is going on. "The sound of trumpets is all over the sky" outlines the scale of the war. With the advantage of numbers, the enemy clamored for progress and pressed forward step by step. The defender didn't get cold feet because of his weakness. Encouraged by the sound of the trumpet, their morale was high and they fought back hard. The fighting lasted from day to dusk. The poet did not directly describe the fierce scene of the wheel-staggered and hand-to-hand combat, but only made a rough but expressive description of the scene on the battlefield after the withdrawal of the two sides: the battle lasted from day to night, the sunset glow reflected the battlefield, and large rouge-like red blood condensed on the earth through the night fog. This gloomy and dignified atmosphere set off the tragic scene of the battle site, suggesting that both the offensive and defensive sides had a large number of casualties, and the soldiers guarding the city were still at a disadvantage, which made the necessary preparations for the next friendly rescue. The last four sentences are about the activities of the rescue forces. "Half-rolled red flag is near Yishui" and "half-rolled" have extremely rich meanings. March in the dark and stop it, in order to "take it by surprise." "Facing the Yi River" not only indicates the location of the battle, but also implies that the soldiers have a kind of heroic pride that "the wind blows in Shui Han and the strong men are gone forever". Then describe the bitter battle scene: as soon as the rescue troops approached the enemy camp, they beat gongs and drums and cheered and went into battle. But the night is so cold and frosty that even the drums can't move. Faced with many difficulties, the soldiers were not discouraged. "I want to report to you on the golden platform, and I want to take Yulong to your death." Huang Jintai was built in southeast Xiao during the Warring States Period. It is said that he once put a lot of gold on the stage, saying that he would not hesitate to spend a lot of money to attract scholars from all over the world. The poet quoted this story to express the soldiers' determination to serve the court.