Step 1: Understand the background of poetry.
The background of poetry is very important because it can help us better understand the meaning and theme of poetry. The background of Long song is the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which is a very turbulent period in the history of China. During this period, China was divided into two countries, North and South, which was very unstable politically and socially. Literary works in this period often reflect this turbulent situation, and poetry is full of thinking about life and criticizing society.
Step 2: Understand the structure of poetry.
The structure of poetry is an important part of the meaning of poetry. There are seventy-four poems by Long song, and each poem has the form of five-character ancient poems. The whole poem is divided into four parts, each with its own theme and plot. The first part describes the growth and rule of Emperor Xiaowen, the second part describes his war and conquest, the third part describes his political and cultural achievements, and the fourth part describes his old age and death.
Step 3: Understand the theme of poetry.
The theme of poetry is the core of poetic meaning. The theme of long songs is Emperor Xiaowen's idea of governing the country and his outlook on life. Emperor Xiaowen is a very talented and wise emperor. During his reign, he carried out many reforms and innovations, which made the Northern Wei Dynasty a powerful country. His thought of governing the country is people-oriented, focusing on the cultivation and utilization of talents and the development and inheritance of culture. His outlook on life is advocating benevolence, righteousness and honesty, and he thinks that only in this way can he become a real gentleman.
Step 4: Understand the language and image of poetry.
The language and image of poetry are the expression of poetic meaning. Long song's language is beautiful and vigorous, and his image is vivid and profound. Poetry is full of many symbolic images, such as "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds, and Wan Ren Mountain is an isolated city", "The high shore is a valley, and the deep valley is a mausoleum", "One day in the Central Plains, the world is peaceful" and so on. These images not only enhance the artistry of poetry, but also deepen the theme of poetry.