Wang Bo [Tang Dynasty]
Across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, across a river.
We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions.
After all, the world is just a small place.
Why are you wandering at the fork in the road? The child is holding a towel.
translate
Sanqin earth guards the majestic Chang 'an and sees Sichuan through the clouds.
When I left you, I had infinite affection in my heart, because we were all floating in the sea of officials.
Everyone knows friends in the four seas, even if they are far away, they are close at hand.
Never break up at a fork in the road, like young men and women in love, so sad that tears are wet.
To annotate ...
Shaofu: Official name. One: here, here.
Zhou Shu: In Chongzhou, Sichuan today.
City Que (què) Auxiliary Sanqin: City Que, that is, the tower, refers to Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. Assist, escort
Sanqin: refers to the Guanzhong area near Chang 'an, that is, the area west of Tongguan in Shaanxi Province today. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu broke the Qin Dynasty and was divided into three areas, until Sanqin surrendered, so it was called Sanqin. This sentence is reversed, which means to protect the capital Chang 'an Sanqin.
Wujin: It refers to the five major ferries of Minjiang River, namely Baihuajin, Wan Li Tianjin, Jiangshoujin, Shetoujin and Jiangnan Jin. This refers to Sichuan in general.
Auxiliary Sanqin: one is "overlooking the Western Qin Dynasty".
Passing through a mist that unites the five rivers: the noun "wind smoke" is used as an adverbial to indicate the place of behavior. The whole sentence means that the river looks as confused as a crow's eyes because it looks far away, which means that it looks at Zhou Shu from a distance in the confusion of wind and smoke.
Jun: The honorific title for a person is equivalent to "you".
Same: one is "all".
Huàn tour: Go abroad to be an official.
Within the sea: within the four seas, that is, the whole country. The ancients thought that our territory was surrounded by the sea, so they called it the world within the four seas.
Tianya: the horizon, here is a metaphor for a place far away.
Neighborhood: adjacent to each other, close neighbors.
Inaction: no need, no need.
Qí road: a fork in the road. The ancients often said goodbye to each other at fork roads.
Towel stained: Tears stained a towel, describing the number of tears.
Enjoy 1
This poem is a famous farewell poem. Its poem is to comfort friends not to be sad when they leave. The first couplet depicts the scene and style of farewell to friends, implying farewell and strict confrontation; Couplets are words of relief, pointing out the inevitability of parting, inheriting with scattered sounds, turning reality into emptiness, ups and downs of literature and feelings; The sudden peak of the neck joint highly summarizes the scene of "deep friendship, which sublimates friendship to a higher aesthetic realm"; The couplet points out the theme of "seeing off" and continues to encourage and remind friends, which is also an emotional confession. The beginning and end of this poem are depressing, with flowing atmosphere and broad-minded artistic conception. It is an unparalleled classic in farewell poems. The whole poem is only forty words, but it is full of changes, as if on a small picture scroll, it contains countless mountains and valleys, with endless scenery, which has been widely circulated so far.
"By this way, the wall of the third district of Qin Dynasty is surrounded, and the five rivers are United by a fog" belongs to the "place name pair" in the "work pair", which is extremely magnificent and exquisite. The first sentence says that the walls and palaces of Chang 'an are "assisted" (protected and guarded) by the vast land of Sanqin, which is magnificent, so it is a farewell place. The "Wujin" in the second sentence refers to the five major ferries of the Minjiang River, namely Baihuajin, Wan Li Tianjin, Jiangshoujin, Shetoujin and Jiangnan Tianjin, which generally refers to "Shuchuan" and points to the place where Du Shaofu is about to travel; And "wind and smoke" and "hope" connect Qin and Shu, which are thousands of miles apart. Looking at Shuchuan from Chang 'an, the line of sight is covered by misty wind and smoke, showing a touch of sadness, and the souls of "parting" and "Tianya" have been photographed below.
We said goodbye to each other sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions. What does it mean to leave each other? For those who have left their homes in order to be officials, there has been a heavy parting, and the mutual goodbye in the guest house has added a heavy parting; There is infinite sadness in it. The first two sentences are eight octaves high, precise and rigorous, with deep charm, and they are not neat and sparse. Although there were no strict rules in law poetry at that time, it had its unique beauty.
"However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven is still our neighbor." The realm of these two sentences ranges from narrow to grand, and the mood from sadness to heroism. "However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven is still our neighbor." It is inseparable to stay away from friends. As long as you are in the four seas, even at the ends of the earth, you are just like a close neighbor. What are A Qin and Shu? Show that friendship is eternal and ubiquitous, and the feelings expressed are optimistic and open-minded. So these two sentences have become immortal words to express deep affection and friendship among friends in Qianshan.
"Why linger at the fork in the road, children * * * stained with towels." Two lines of poetry run through one sentence, meaning: "At this fork in the road where we are about to break up, don't cry goodbye to that child!" It is a reminder to friends and a confession to your feelings. ""wrong method ",point out the word" send "on the topic. People who have taken a fork in the road often break up at the fork in the road when the ancients bid farewell, so breaking up is often called "parting."
The whole poem is full of ups and downs, pulsating flow and broad-minded artistic conception. The sadness in farewell poems is characterized by bright colors, fresh and lofty language and unique content. This poem washes away the bitterness and lingering state in previous farewell poems, and embodies the poet's lofty aspirations, open-minded interests and broad-minded mind.
Appreciate II
In the first couplet, "Surround the wall of Sanqin District and make the five rivers one by one fog", the first sentence says that Chang 'an, the place of farewell, is "assisted" by the vast Sanqin District, which highlights its magnificent momentum.
The second phase is the place where friends "take office"-the foggy land of Sichuan. The poet skillfully used the word "Wang" to connect Qin and Shu, just as the poet stood in Chang 'an under the protection of Sanqin and looked at Shu thousands of miles away, which was a metaphor for parting. The word "Wang" not only broadens the artistic conception of the poem, but also broadens the readers' horizons at once, narrowing the distance between the two places psychologically, making people feel that since "Wujin" is expected, there is no need to be sad for parting. This kind of opening pen creates a magnificent atmosphere, which makes people feel that the sky is high and the mood is high, which locks the heroic emotional tone for the whole poem.
The poet consoled his friend with the words "We say goodbye to each other, and we two officials run counter to each other": You and I are both people who are far away from home. Parting is common, so why be sad? This time, my friend went to Sichuan alone, far away from the world, without friends, and even more disappointed. Here, the author comforts his friend with the same situation and consistent feelings to alleviate his sadness and loneliness. Farewell shows the poet's mind.
Necklace "However, when China holds our friendship, heaven is still our neighbor", putting a touch of sadness in front of a swing. The poet imagined parting: as long as we are connected in silence, even if we are far apart, it seems close at hand. This is different from ordinary farewell poems and has far-reaching significance. It not only shows the poet's optimistic and broad mind and sincere friendship with friends, but also shows the philosophy that sincere friendship can transcend the boundaries of time and space, giving people great comfort and encouragement, thus becoming a famous sentence through the ages.
The couplet "Why wander at the fork in the road, children * * * touch towels" encourages friends not to wet their clothes for parting like young men and women, but to be open-minded and face it calmly. It shows that the feelings are profound and profound, and the atmosphere of the whole poem changes from sadness to boldness. The four verses of this poem are closely linked with "parting". The feelings of parting and friendship in the poem are not only displayed, but also profound in philosophy, open in artistic conception and high in style, which is worthy of being the top grade in ancient farewell poems.
Creation background
Send Du to Shu was written by the author when he was in Chang 'an. This Shaofu named Du will go to Sichuan to take office. Wang Bo gave him a farewell poem in Chang 'an.
Wang Bo?
Wang Bo (649 or 650 ~ 676 or 675) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Han nationality, Zi Zi An. Jiangzhou Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi) people. Together with Yang Jiong and Lu, they are called "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty", among which they are the first. In August of the 3rd year of Shang Dynasty (676), Tang Gaozong returned from visiting his father and drowned across the sea. He is good at five laws and five unique skills, and his representative works include "Farewell to Vice Governor Du to Shu". The main literary achievement is parallel prose, which is the best in quantity and quality. His masterpiece is Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion.