The lyrics of "Wushan Gao" preserved in Yuefu Poems describe nothing more than the meeting between the dream of mountains and the goddess. The latter comes from Song Yu's "Gao Tang Mi": "Yesterday, the first king tasted Gao Tang, stayed in the daytime and dreamed of a woman, saying," The daughter of Wushan is also a guest of Gao Tang. Wen Jun traveled to Gaotang and wanted to recommend a pillow pad. Wang is lucky. When leaving, she said, "My concubine is in the sun of Wushan, blocked by high hills, facing the clouds, walking in the rain at dusk, facing the sun at dusk, and under the balcony." There are many people who take this as the theme in later poems, and Wushan Gao is one of them. Li He's later issue didn't make much breakthrough in content, but it was so rich in mourning for the dead that some people speculated that it meant something else. Yao Yi, a scholar in the Ming Dynasty, said: "Although the imaginary Wushan Mountain is high, the imaginary Wushan Mountain in the cloud is not very high, mixed with the story of the goddess on the balcony, and there is no meaning of crying because of the high mountain and deep water. However, since I congratulate him on this, I have a Lord, and I built it for the sake of Ming Taizu's luck in Shu. " It seems that his views are not directly derived from this poem, but are associated and inferred from Li Shangyin's two quatrains "Crossing the Palace of Chu" and "Feeling". He thinks this poem hints at the origin of Yuxi's life experience, saying that "today's dream is made by Yu Ming (suspected to be the mistake of" xi "), but I don't know if it is based on this. What you seek is also a dream. Li Shangyin's poems are quite ironic. Wuxia went all the way to the Old Chu Palace, so it was dark with sex. Six Chapters of a Floating Life is full of love for human happiness, and only Wang Xiang recalls his dreams. " Another cloud said,' If it wasn't Song Yu's criticism, it was because Wang Xiang felt that his dream was late. First, since Gao was written, Chu Yu is doubtful. "You can wake up if you are crazy." "Shi Jun" refers to the Tang Dynasty, and there is no doubt that "Yao Ji" refers to. Leave this statement to the reader to judge. The mountain written at the beginning: "among the green trees, the sky is high and the clouds are light", and only six words outline the unique features of Wushan. Wushan is at the junction of Sichuan and Hubei provinces today, and the Yangtze River passes through here. Fog with dew, lush trees, from a distance, a vast, gray. This scene was accurately summarized by the poet with the word "pen". There are twelve peaks in Wushan Mountain, ranging in height from1000m to1500m, among which goddess peak is the most spectacular. Cong Cong wrote that it has many peaks and peaks. The mountain peak is very high, and the impression of Wushan is from the boat on the river. The angle of raising your head is close to the foot of the mountain, so you feel high above it. A Qing Wang Qi noticed: "The first sentence is' Wushan Cong Bi is high in the sky'." The annotator of this edition of Yuefu Poetry thinks that it is higher than "the sky is high among the green trees", but it is not. Because first, when it comes to the height of Wushan, the word "Wushan" at the beginning of the sentence can be omitted, otherwise it will be cumbersome; Second, "from the ratio" than "than Cong Cong". The latter uses overlapping, strengthens intonation and highlights the number of Wushan peaks, which is not only straight, but also beautiful. However, the former is associated with "Wushan" and "soaring into the sky", which makes it look weak and spiritless. The first half of the second sentence is about the Yangtze River, with huge waves rolling down from the foot of the mountain, which shows the whole landscape of the mountain. The second half melts into the legend of the goddess: on the rushing river, between the green hills, there are wisps of smoke, as if it were the trace of the goddess. "God Drags Smoke" can be regarded as a renovation of "Dan vs Clouds and Sunset Rain" by Gao. On the front, it says Wushan Goddess. Then use imagination to describe the old feelings of the king of Chu, so as to wander in Wushan: "Chu is full of dreams." The wind blowing clouds must be the ghost of the king of Chu, pursuing the goddess and hoping to relive old dreams. Some commentators think this sentence has profound meaning, and generally make a fuss about the word "chasing dreams", trying to prove that it uses an ancient metaphor to describe the present, so-called reference to Tang's statement, so the conclusion drawn is not based on much. From the perspective of poetry itself, it is nothing more than galloping imagination and expressing homesickness. "Wind and rain make moss money" is a transitional sentence, which connects the preceding with the following and introduces the realm of imagination into the soil of reality. The "cool breeze" and the clouds and rains that floated with it left behind not only the rose dream of the Tang Dynasty, but also the mottled moss money (round moss) scattered on the rocks, as if to tell people that the dream had been shattered, leaving only a sad atmosphere and feelings of mourning for the dead.
The last four sentences of the poem enrich this atmosphere and artistic conception as much as possible: Yao Ji (goddess) has long since left, and the ancient temple dedicated to her is empty and towering, and it is even more desolate next to the moon in Leng Yue. In the mountains, you can also smell the sound of old apes crying between lilac trees and bamboo (a kind of bamboo with "middle and high knots", which was used as a crutch in ancient times), and the red pepper fruit with dew falling from time to time. In a word, God went to the temple, where it was cold and silent. I want to get my old dreams back, but I can only add to my sadness. It seems that it may contain a poet's life and emotional experience. He couldn't help thinking of the past, so he used the topic to express his grief over the disillusionment of Gao Tang's dreams. Mr. Zhu Ziqing talked about the reason why Li He likes to choose personnel or scenery as the theme of poetry, saying: "When looking for Li He, you can't forget Chu, or be a good friend or a good brother; However, it seems that there is more than that. He tasted 14 elder brothers before entering Beijing, so he tasted Jiangnan. At the end of his Tanabata poem, it says,' Qiantang Su Xiaoxiao is worth a year's autumn'. Note home more unknown why it suddenly and Su Xiaoxiao together, quite doubt it neither fish nor fowl; You can rest assured that you know this. "(Li He Chronicle) Su Xiaoxiao is a famous prostitute in Qiantang, Southern Qi Dynasty, referring to the poet's love. The poet also has a poem "Su Xiaoxiao's Tomb", or it has a related meaning. Whether this speculation is appropriate or not, Li He had a similar gathering and parting experience in the Tang Dynasty.
There are three points to ponder its artistic characteristics: first, pay attention to revealing contradictions and seek change and innovation. The author's artistic pursuit is highlighted in the use of comparative techniques. For example, the first three sentences compare mountains to water: the peaks are towering and motionless; The river is rolling. One is static, the other is moving; One is high and the other is far; One is beauty, and the other is chaos. In contrast, it gives birth to momentum, which is lofty and turbulent. Second, the clever use of stress overlap enriches the connotation of language. For example, "Green Bush" at the beginning. In the middle, "Yao Ji has gone for thousands of years", the two words "one", one virtual and one real, seem to be irrelevant, but in fact they are closely related and have extraordinary expressive power. "Gone forever" means "gone forever", while "Millennium" means the ruthlessness of the deceased and the ruthlessness of time. The passionate "King of Chu" is eager to see, but never sees the figure of the goddess, which effectively enriches the tragic atmosphere of poetry. Third, it was very successful to express the sad situation with warm colors unexpectedly. In the last sentence, "Pepper blossoms turn red and wet clouds", red is not only a warm color, but also used to render festive scenes. Here, it is associated with the verb "falling" and the adjective "wet". The terrible red color and the fading situation are shocking. Just like the green beads falling from the building caused widespread sympathy, regret and sadness for future generations, all beautiful and full of vitality were abandoned, which further aggravated people's sadness.