Nan Xiang zi Ji ju
Cold jade condenses the skin. Pine is a golden basin. Ye Ye advocates always knowing each other. Tofu pudding is sharp in early February.
Youth is a moment. Fang stole too much time. Luo Zhang hangs a silver candle for fun. I have never been handsome in my life.
The history of "Tao Sentence" has a long history, starting from the poems of the Western Jin Dynasty. The so-called set sentence refers to a method of writing words by compiling the poems of predecessors into sentences and integrating them into articles. The words created in this way are called sentence-set words, which are a special style of words. As a literary phenomenon, parallel prose meets people's special aesthetic needs, especially in the Song Dynasty.
No one can imagine that this poem, which is full of romance without trace, was written by Su Shi, who has not yet become a weak champion. Su Shi 19 years old, just married Wang Fu, in the prime of life. At that time, his mother, Mrs. Cheng, was still alive, and the in-laws between Su Shi and Wang Fu were also realized by her. The wife she chose for her son is as well educated, understanding and reasonable as herself.
Su Shi, who is on the rise in his life, has not had time to deliver good news to his mother in his hometown from Beijing. On the contrary, bad news came from my hometown, and Mrs. Cheng died of illness. Su Shi recalled his mother's earnest instruction and meticulous care when he was young, and he couldn't help but feel sad. Father and son left Beijing in a hurry. During the time when Su Shi went to Beijing to take the exam, only his mother and two daughters-in-law were at home. When Su Shi and his son arrived, the house was in ruins and desolate. The funeral was slowly organized in the sad atmosphere of the whole family. Su Xun chose a place called "Old Man Spring" as the burial place of Su Jia's grave. Mrs Cheng was buried here, and Su Xun died here, so it is also called "Su Laoquan". Su Xun wrote "Ode to the Dead Wife" with sincere feelings for Xiuwai Huizhong's wife: "I know everything, and being an official is not bad, so I should say it in words. Yesterday, I was a teenager, wandering without learning or skills; I know my son's heart, and my troubles are gone. Sigh and regret, even today ... since my son died, I have lost a good friend in my heart. I went back to Lao Lu and I haven't changed. I haven't lost my soul. I will come back in a few days. " Between the lines, there is endless regret and regret, full of deep memories of his wife's virtuous character and behavior before her death.
In the feudal society with deep-rooted Confucian traditional ideas, the "Ding You" system was implemented in an orderly manner after the death of officials' parents, and it was expressly stipulated that they would leave their posts for 27 months.
Time flies, the mourning period has passed. Prior to this, Su Xun had received imperial edicts twice and returned to Beijing. After the Su's father and son discussed it properly, they decided to move the family. At this time, it was the autumn of the fourth year of Jiayou (AD 1059). There are six people in this trip: Su Shi's father and son, Su Shi's wife Wang Fu, Su Zhe's wife Shi and Su Shi's newborn eldest son. Unlike the last trip to Beijing by land, Su Jia chose to go eastward by water and northward by land. Waterway passes through Jiazhou, Luzhou, Yuzhou, Fuzhou, Zhongzhou, Kuizhou, Three Gorges and Jiangling, then goes ashore and arrives in Beijing by land.
For the Su family, what they saw and heard was beyond imagination. Su Shi and Su Zhe are no longer arrogant and impetuous, but also less nervous and confused, more cautious and sophisticated. We can meet. Su Shi stood at the bow of the boat, looking far and wide, and his thoughts were no longer simply confined to one family and one city. He has made up his mind to give his passion and talent to other countries, and what he has learned in life will surely ride the wind and waves like this clipper, not afraid of difficulties. In fact, that's what he did.
"Three Sus" went all the way, and the beauty along the way could not hide the flood of talents. The three of them sang poems and praised the scenery in succession, capturing the beautiful scenery where they passed. From Meishan to Jiangling, there are 100 articles, which are compiled as Before Going South, and Su Shi wrote Syria for it; Seventy-three articles from Jiangling to Bianliang were compiled as Postscript of Southbound Travel, for which Su Zhe wrote Preface (now dead); The first and second sets are called "southbound sets". Southbound Collection is the only collection of poems co-edited by Su and his son. Unfortunately, Nanxiangji has been lost since the Song Dynasty, and only Su Shi's Dongpo Ji and Su Zhe's Luancheng Ji exist. The value of "Southbound Collection" reflects the social status quo in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty and truly reproduces the sufferings of people's livelihood. For example, Su Zhe once wrote in "Songs of Bamboo Branches": "The mountains are deep and frosty, the nights are long and dry, and it is still bitter and cold", which is quite sad to read, just like Bai Juyi's "Selling Charcoal Weng", which tells that "the poor are clothed, but they are worried about charcoal and would rather be cold"; Su Shi also wrote in the "Yellow Cattle Temple": "Half a bunch of green grass grows bitter, look up to the yellow cattle!" He revealed the difficulties of the world in a more secret way. In addition, Su Xun's mood in his later years can also be seen from this collection. For example, "Bai Di Emperor Temple" said, "Bai Di should laugh at himself if he has spirit. It is up to soldiers to defeat all heroes." Throughout the history of heroes, the success or failure of history is determined by time, place and people, not individual will. This thought-provoking historical meditation makes people admire and feel deeply. Ye Mengde once said in "Summer Poems": "Mingyun's poems are few, but they have profound meaning and taste. Words are not just words, just like their words." This just fits the style characteristics of Su Xun's poems in his later years.
Su Shi's "Xu" pointed out for "Before the Southern Tour":
A former writer can't work for it, but he can't help working for it. There are clouds in the mountains and rivers, luxuries in plants and trees, and full of depression, but from the outside, although the husband wants nothing, he can get it! I have never heard of Jiajun's paper since I was a child. I thought that ancient saints could not help themselves, but authors. Therefore, Shi and his younger brother talk about writing at most and never dare to write.
Su Shi explained the consistent literary proposition of "Three Sus" in concise language form, that is, articles should be written for doing things, not for writing; Advocating nature, but not advocating rudeness; Pure jade, carved like brocade, vulgar and indiscriminate words, can not be included in poetry. This literary thought not only clarified the consistent style of southward collection, but also conformed to the trend of innovation and change in the literary world at that time, and was also the creative attitude that Su San insisted from beginning to end.