Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (1799- 1837) is a great Russian national poet, the founder of Russian realistic literature, the creator of Russian literary language, and a peak of world poetry in19th century.
Pushkin is the darling and banner of the times. As the embodiment of national consciousness, he reflects the Russian people's longing for national dignity, national independence and social progress. Pushkin has a great influence on Russian writers, and no poet from any other country can compare with him in this respect.
Pushkin's adolescence
Pushkin 1799 was born in an ancient aristocratic family in Moscow and was influenced by Alina Rodionov, a nanny from serfdom. 18 1 1 year entered the Imperial Village School in Petersburg. 18 12 The patriotic upsurge aroused by the war greatly encouraged the young Pushkin. At school, he established a deep friendship with Kucher Bokai, a future member of The Decemberists. At this time, his poetic talent has begun to show. 18 14 years, he recited the poem "Memories of the Imperial Capital Village", which won the appreciation of the old poet Jerchavin present. 18 17, Pushkin worked in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after graduation, and successively participated in the Smas Society of alzas and the Green Light Society. Under the influence of the Party members in December, Pushkin wrote many political lyric poems during this period, criticizing the autocratic system, praising freedom and sympathizing with people's misfortunes, such as Ode to Freedom (18 17) and To Chaadayev (18 17). He also wrote a narrative poem "Rusland and lyudmila". Pushkin's political lyrics had a great influence, so he was exiled to South Russia by the czar government.
Southern exile period
1820 After Pushkin came to South Russia in May, he stopped in Yekaterinov and Kishinov, and then went to Caucasus and Crimea. South Russia is the base camp of South Society of December Party members, and Pushkin is closely related to them and ideologically influenced by them. Exile life and the natural scenery in the south also left a mark on Pushkin's creation in this period. The exile in the south is the climax of Pushkin's romantic poetry creation. In the past few years, he has written four famous romantic narrative poems: Prisoner of Caucasus, Brother of Robber, Tears of Bahce and saraj, and Tzgang. 1823, Pushkin began to write the poetic novel yevgeni onegin in Kishinov. In the later period of exile in the south, the relationship between Pushkin and Governor Odessa deteriorated. 1824, the authorities intercepted Pushkin's personal letter of "offending" God, and used it as an excuse to exile Pushkin to his mother's territory-Mikhailovsk village, Pskov region, and put him under house arrest.
Rural confinement period
The village of Mikhailovsk is remote and only accompanied by an old nanny. He cut off contact with The Decemberists members, but he was close to rural life under serfdom and ordinary Russians. In the past two years, he often went to the market to listen to farmers talk and sing, and paid great attention to collecting folk stories and oral legends. Pushkin learned the people's language from there and absorbed a lot of beneficial nutrition, which had a great influence on Pushkin's later creation. In the past two years, Pushkin has created many excellent works, such as Prisoner, To the Sea, To Kane and If Life Deceives You, as well as dozens of lyric poems, such as the narrative poem Count Nurin, the historical drama Boris Godunov and the first six chapters of yevgeny onegin.
When he was under house arrest in the countryside, The Decemberists's uprising broke out in Petersburg. Pushkin has always been concerned about the development of tenses. After the failure of the uprising, the new czar Nicholas I decided to recall the poet to Moscow in order to attract him to serve him.
Return to Beijing period
During this period, Pushkin wrote many poems enthusiastically praising the lofty aspirations of December Party members, among which "To the Prisoner of Siberia" is a famous one. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/830, Pushkin stayed in Polkino for some reason, and these three months became the harvest period of Pushkin's creation. Yevgeni onegin and Belgin Tales (including Shooting, Blizzard, Village Girl, Postman, etc.) have been completed. ), four small tragedies and dozens of lyric poems.
Pushkin married Goncharova and settled in Petersburg. His actions are still monitored by the czar's government. During this period, Pushkin constantly created excellent works, such as the novel The Captain's Daughter, The Queen of Spades, Dubrovski, the narrative poem poltava, The Bronze Knight, Lyrics for Poets, Autumn and Monument. In the mid-1930s, the contradiction between Pushkin and the authorities became more and more serious. At this time, the French exile Dundees impudently pursued his wife. Unbearable, Pushkin dueled with Dantè s on February 8, 837/KLOC-0. He was seriously injured and died two days later.
Pushkin's works
Pushkin (1799 ~ 1837) is an outstanding representative of Russian romantic literature and realism.
Founder of literature, founder of modern standard Russian. His works have a high degree of Russian national consciousness.
The rise of aristocratic revolutionary movement and its reflection in literature. He laid the foundation of Russian literature,
And various literary genres-lyric poetry, narrative poetry, poetic drama, novel, prose, children.
Ci has made outstanding achievements and provided a model for later writers. So, he is.
Known as "the ancestor of Russian literature", "the great Russian people's poet" and "Russia"
The sun of poetry. "
Pushkin raised important issues of the times in his works: autocratic system and people.
The relationship between the masses, the life track of nobles and farmers; Shaped a high profile
Typical images include meaning: "redundant person", "money knight", "nobody" and peasant movement.
Mobile leader. The presentation of these problems and the appearance of literary images have greatly promoted Russian social thinking.
The progress of thought is conducive to the awakening of the people and the development of the Russian liberation movement. Pushkin
His excellent works have achieved a high degree of unity of content and form, and lyric poems are rich in content.
Deep feelings, flexible form, exquisite structure and beautiful rhythm. His prose and novel plots
A concentrated, organized, vivid and concise description. The Influence of Pushkin's Creation on Russian Realism
The development of literature and world literature has had an important influence, which Gorky called "the beginning of everything"
End. "
1825, he wrote the historical tragedy Boris Godunov according to the materials.
/kloc-the real events in Russian history at the end of 0/6 and the beginning of 0/7: 1598,
The tsar is dead, he has no son, and his younger brother Wilmettli has been killed. Therefore, the emperor
A hanging, the bishop asked the queen to ascend to the throne, and the queen refused. In fact, the queen's brother Paulie.
Nangodonov has mastered political and religious power. So Boris ascended the throne, and his
A series of policies have aroused the dissatisfaction of the Russian people and triggered domestic turmoil.
At this time, Gregory, a young monk from the Chutov Monastery in Moscow, was listening to the historian.
Godonov was involved in killing Terry, and he suddenly came up with a bold plan.
Pretend that Dimitri is the czar of Russia. So he fled from the monastery to Poland. 1604.
With the assistance of the Polish army, Gregory invaded Russia in 1605.
With the support of the people, Li Liguo invaded Moscow and became emperor. The theme of the script is to reflect
This paper analyzes the conflict between the people and the autocratic czar, and points out that popular support is the decisive factor of regime change.
Sexual power.
Yevgeni onegin is an outstanding work that successfully shapes Russian literature.
The image of yevgeny onegin, the first "superfluous man" in history. Onegin has made progress.
A thoughtful aristocratic youth, he is smart and energetic, and he wants to make a difference. Although he hates it.
I hate the hypocritical life of the upper class, but I have no goal in life and do nothing all day.
Doing nothing wastes your youth and life. He refused Daliana's love, but Dagya
After Tina married someone else, he turned to her and was rejected. He did it in order to.
A little duel with a friend killed his friend, and he regretted it afterwards.
The image of onegin in Pushkin's works shows the ideological characteristics of Russian progressive aristocratic youth at that time.
depressed
Pushkin's last important work is the historical novel The Captain's Daughter, which has a great plot.
Here's the thing:
The young aristocrat Greene took his servant Savirich to do military service. He sat in the carriage and hit the road.
I got lost in the snowstorm and was taken to a hotel by a stranger. See you at the hotel, Greene.
The stranger was cold, so he was given a rabbit fur coat. This man is pugachev. style
After arriving in orenburg, Nenev was sent to Baishan fortress by the general. There he fell in love with mironov.
The captain's daughter Maria. Soon, the rebels in pugachev captured the Baishan fortress and hanged it.
Yes, captain. After pugachev's defeat, Greene was arrested and imprisoned for collaborating with the enemy. See Maria.
Tsar yekaterina told the truth and Greene was released. In this novel, Pushkin
Praise and eulogize pugachev, the leader of the peasant uprising, and mold him into a confident, optimistic and harmonious person.
A hero who is approachable, loves freedom and is deeply supported by the people. At the same time, it also condemned the czar's expertise.
System and brutality, which was very bold at that time.