The principles and techniques of English translation mainly include the following points:
1. The principle of accuracy: This is the first principle of translation, which requires the translator to accurately convey the meaning of the original text. You cannot add, delete or change the content of the original text at will.
2. Integrity principle: The translator needs to ensure the completeness of the translation, that is, the translation should contain all the information of the original text and cannot omit any important content.
3. Principle of coherence: The translation should maintain coherence with the original text so that readers can read and understand it smoothly. This includes logical relationships between sentences, transitions between paragraphs, etc.
4. Adaptability principle: The translator needs to consider the cultural background of the target language and the reader's understanding ability, and appropriately adjust the language style and expression of the translation to make it more consistent with the habits of the target language.
5. Principle of simplicity: The translation should be as concise and clear as possible, avoiding the use of complex sentence structures and lengthy words.
6. Principle of fidelity: The translator should remain as faithful to the original text as possible, including the style, tone, context, etc. of the original text.
During the translation process, you can use some of the following techniques:
1. Vocabulary replacement: Choose the most appropriate word for replacement based on the context and the habits of the target language.
2. Sentence conversion: adjust the sentence structure according to the grammatical rules of the target language.
3. Word order adjustment: Adjust the order of words according to the word order habits of the target language.
4. Omission and supplementation: On the premise of ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the translation, some information can be omitted or supplemented appropriately.
5. Comments and explanations: For some content that is difficult to translate directly, it can be processed through comments or explanations.
In general, English translation needs to follow certain principles and flexibly use various techniques to achieve accurate, complete, coherent, adaptable, concise and faithful translation effects.