Journal of Art College of Inner Mongolia University
2005 12 February No.4
Volume 2, No.4
On the theme of Su Shi's "Harmony with Tao Poetry": the theme of helping the poor and drinking.
Li Huanxi 1, (1. Art College of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010; Hohhot 0 10022)
, is the author's conscious creative way in a cruel political environment. Abstract: The two themes of "Harmony with Tao Poetry" are that poverty leads to life and drinking leads to comfort. Su Shi's drinking shows profound meanings, including the pursuit of self-indulgence, passionate creation in drunkenness, and the poet's unforgettable observation of the world in wine.
Keywords: Su Shi; And Shi Tao; Comfort; Drink wine/alcohol
Classification number: I206. 2 Document ID: DocumentNo. A:1672-9838 (2005) 04-0095-04 Since the publication of Su Shi's Poems of Hetao, there have been different opinions in the critics, and it is difficult to draw a conclusion. Some people praised it and said, "Harmony with Tao and the sea".
(Liu Kezhuang Dong Qing, Xijima, a flash of thousands of miles, not bound by rhyme) "The Complete Works of Mr. Houcun" (volume174); There are also many critics who believe that "there are not many excellent works in this large number of rhyming poems, which is very disharmonious compared with his accomplished and distinctive poems." No wonder knowledgeable critics regret the poet's waste of talent. "
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Cherish "
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This attitude: no matter the success or failure of "Hetao Poetry" in art, it is very valuable to study Su Shi's thoughts and mood in his later years.
Throughout Su Shi's 124 poems "Hetao", its content is extremely rich. They are the true presentation of Su Shi's life and thoughts when he was relegated to Yangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou. The poet either expressed his admiration for Tao Yuanming and his longing for his leisurely life, or expressed his open-mindedness when he was in adversity ... These poems were written without feelings, but plain and meaningful. On the basis of predecessors' research, the author discusses the theme of leisure drinking in Su Shi's "He Tao Poetry".
"Birds and fish know that I am suitable for things and have leisure?" -theme of poverty alleviation and pursuit of leisure.
When Su Shi wrote twenty pieces of Drinking with Tao, he was appointed as the magistrate of Yangzhou, and his living conditions were still good. When he was demoted to Linghai, his living conditions were extremely poor, and sometimes it was difficult to guarantee even the basic living materials: or "food and clothing"
These evaluations are inevitably preconceived because of their love for Su Shi.
The Lord's suspicion, or too playful and unfair. How to objectively evaluate Su Shi's more than 100 poems and Tao poems? Poem of Harmony with Tao is a poem written by Su Shi in pursuit of the rhyme of Tao Yuanming. The existing poems 124 are mainly written by poets in the last ten years of their lives.
Completed in Guangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou. The history of literature is the history of the mind, and literature is the product of the externalization of the writer's mind. Through the interpretation of a writer's works, we can understand a writer's special mentality at a special stage. We might as well hold an interpretation of Su Shi's and Shi Tao's poems.
Date of receipt: 2005- 10- 17.
About the author: Li Huanxi (1972-), male, from Wuyuan, Inner Mongolia, associate professor of the Art College of Inner Mongolia University;
Ya Qin (1972-), female, from Molidawa, Inner Mongolia, a middle school affiliated to Inner Mongolia Normal University, is a first-class teacher.
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(and Tao Yong's "The Poor Man is More and More Embarrassed", "Little Blue Xiao Ran" and "Introduction"), or "Take all the wine away"
(Tao wants to die, rice wants to brew, and rice is exhausted. ""No wine is also a sigh. "
), even to (and often wait), "sell all the drinking utensils for food and clothing" and (and Tao alone to drink), "now the hut is broken, and it will be moved one or three times overnight."
), the suffering of its living conditions, don't blame the poem Chu tune in pang main book "
Show the eagerness to pursue "fitness"; Only the difficulty of "fitness" can show the comfort of temporary fitness. The poet is in the repeated exploration of "fitness"-"discomfort". "Freedom" can be achieved through meditation and selflessness. Su Shi sometimes devotes himself to pastoral and landscape, and obtains freedom in the tacit understanding with nature. Su Shi repeatedly emphasized the concept of fitness in his poems with Tao. He thinks that he is not as good as Tao Yuanming, mainly because he can't reach the realm of survival of the fittest. He said: "I am not as good as Shen Tao, and things are tangled."
(drinking with Tao) Mianzhi. No matter how well the cloud adapts, it is just like being born. In fact, Su Shi has been pursuing this adaptation all his life. He said, "I will do it."
(Feng Hongze was caught in a strong wind halfway, and there was no north or south, so comfort was the gas "), and he also advised his friends to return", so what?
(Transcendental Taiwan Province)
It's hard to imagine reading his poems. As Su Shi himself said, "Eat without meat, get sick without medicine, live without a house, leave without friends, have no charcoal in winter and have no cold in summer".
Life in Spring with Cheng Xiucai (I). However, the hardships of the environment did not defeat Su Shi, who not only "has no tired spirit of the elderly" here, but sometimes transcends the fetters of the secular world. In his poems of Harmony and Tao, Su Shi repeatedly expressed his intention to live in poverty, such as:
I didn't reach it before, but now I'm poor. Poverty is everywhere, and I'm still stuck in traffic jams. -"Antique with Taoism"-Xun was captured.
This can also be confirmed by his early article "Red Cliff Fu". The so-called "listening to the river wind, the bright moon in the mountains, endless colors, is the creator's endless hidden." This is a rich world where people are comfortable.
Su Shi not only knows the way of comfort, but also has a thorough understanding of the aesthetic way of sitting quietly and forgetting myself. He said, "A wide round mirror.
(Back to the word with Tao), he said that he would take pictures from the outside and accept everything from the middle. ""I want to make poetry beautiful, endless and quiet. Static, so the group moves, empty, so accept.
(seeing off several teachers), it can be seen that Su Shi is good at observing mountains and rivers and can meet the characteristics of mountains and rivers. Because Su Shi is well versed in the theory of happiness and stillness, and he has always liked mountains and rivers, and his heart has always sought to be detached, he likes the transcendental realm and comfortable interest of mountains and rivers very much, especially his deep appreciation of the pleasure of floating freely, which is quite in line with Su Shi's nature. He said:
The boat is really a leaf with dark waves under it. I got drunk at night, and I don't know why the pillow is off. Tian Ming asked for directions and had already passed Baoshan. Well, I'm nothing. This way is often returned. In the future, it is better to plan ahead, so what can we say? -"Drinking with Tao" (5)
These poems, on the one hand, can also show his philosophy of hue. The former one contains the meaning of introspection. Although he once learned that it is inevitable to be relegated, the poet can always maintain a peaceful attitude and calmly treat things in the world, that is, "I am also poor today." The latter is a bit self-deprecating. When people step into the old world, their teeth are getting looser and looser, and they are not suitable for eating meat. But there are obviously two situations: not eating with meat and not eating with meat.
Su Shi felt satisfied with eating food and simply tore down the chicken nest. This is of course a joke, but we can understand the masturbation psychology of not eating meat. At the same time, Su Shi often pursues a kind of comfort. This kind of ease is not idleness, immersion and enjoyment, but refers to the poet's efforts to transcend the world in order to obtain spiritual peace and pleasure. Su Shi's idea of "fitness" has been written in Hetao Poetry for many times.
Do birds and fish know that I am comfortable with things? -"Returning to the Garden with Tao" Once I was in Guangling to see Chai Sangmo. It is very interesting to recite poems about drinking. -"Returning to the Garden with the Road", its six hearts are leisurely and comfortable, making this infinite sound. -"His Poor Man in Tao Yong" (3)
The poet compares his life to a boat. In the turbulent dark waves, crises lurk everywhere. In this dangerous situation, the poet took a boat, but he was drunk and slept until dawn, safely crossing Baoshan. There is also a saying in Su Shi's Hou Chi Bi Fu: "Instead, board the boat and let it go." Among them, there are both the happiness of boating and the luck of the Committee.
This kind of "fitness" can not always be achieved, and poets must adjust from time to time.
(and continuous training. Sometimes I feel that "I don't have enough fun all day" (), and sometimes I feel that Tao's "drinking" is "not suitable for the world" and not very safe.
Come down. "Fitness" does not mean material richness and abundance, but
Refers to spiritual prosperity and peace. However, it is "the world is not as good as before", so? 96?
(Tao Shun's understanding of nature is that "the past cannot be remonstrated, and those who come can still be chased."
Only in this way can we be satisfied with it. "Hui Xi Ci" in Yuan and Ming Dynasties
Su Shi's "Harmony Poems" describes the poet's pursuit of comfort and embodies the poet's willingness to face life and nature.
According to the principle of nature, we should put aside personal gains and losses of life and death, face life calmly, enjoy leisure in nature and seek self-sufficiency and fun in life.
The theme of drinking is that Tao Yuanming's life is closely related to wine, and his works are almost full of wine. Yuan Xingpei said, "He has a deep taste of drinking. His conclusions from thinking about the universe, life and history, his philosophical pursuit, and the state of forgetting to return to nature sometimes depend on the excitement and anesthesia of drinking."
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I'm excited to get it. When we studied Su Shi, we found that "Poetry of Hetao" was not full of wine, but wrote the theme of wine and drink.
The so-called "one less drink will make you drunk". He must not be called binge drinking or some alcoholics, but he can drink casually. Su Shi's outstanding point is that he can taste the taste and taste of wine even if he drinks a small amount of wine, which may be beyond the reach of alcoholics. Therefore, from the perspective of "drinking leads to deep taste", he and Tao Yuanming are interlinked.
Su Shi's drinking can be regarded as a way for him to pursue spiritual comfort and pleasure. As mentioned above, this kind of leisure can be achieved in poverty and adversity, in the harmony between poets and nature, and sometimes in drunkenness and wakefulness. Su Shi
(Return to the lake at night) "I said," If you don't drink enough, it tastes long. " "I (like Lin 'an Zongling people in the same year), although I can't understand drinking, I am full of joy. "
For example, if you are not drunk, Tao Ran will have a better time. "
) ..... My nephew's return shows that he loves wine and is immersed in half happiness.
(and the pleasure. Su Shi said, "Even if you are drunk, you often hold an empty cup" (drinking with Tao Tao), "fighting with a chicken and singing loudly to celebrate the splendor", (going back to the garden), "drinking without asking if you have money" and (going back to the garden with Tao Tao), "have made great contributions to society.
) ....... Obviously, Su Shi's advice to farmers to drink alcohol was not just temporary.
Inspiration, catharsis, distortion, sublimation and illusion, in the hazy body.
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Look at the critical state of life and see the inner secret of life. This article shows the cultural function of drunkenness, and wine has a similar function to Su Shi. We doubt whether Su Shi can write the best works without wine. In a drunken state, the poet is quick-thinking,
(Drinking with Tao) He said that "every pitch has its own state, and the poetry of wine is unique" and "its (with Tao's answer to Pang Shensan)" He also said that "it is difficult to think about writing. "
) "Hull has an army of paper and pen (drinking with Tao)" "Drunk words need to be remembered" and "twentieth", but sometimes "cursive script is useless and drunk ink drenches clothes and towels. With a wave of his hand
Thirty articles, Drinking with Tao, Listening to People and Nine, were written in drunkenness.
Therefore, Su Shi needs more time to face many disturbances in the world, and then the poet enjoys himself in time by drinking, and even forgets himself in the wine. He wants to immerse himself in wine every day. Many small jars are brewed by ourselves, so you can see some when you scoop them.
(Farewell to Tao and Yin Jin). I will still dream about bed and spend the spring with me. ""He can enjoy himself in wine, and he can be calm when there is no wine. "
(Join the army with Tao Dapang), don't be ashamed of begging for wine or begging for neighbors. The poet wants to eat, drink and be merry in time. "He is ashamed of Sang Yu's late night, but he is tired of poetry and wine."
("Give a long history of sheep to Tao") "When the song is called, it will be a gentleman, which means that I am drunk in my hometown. "
(Drinking with Tao) ... When you are happy, you can't rely on green hair.
Nine), the poem reveals the poet's pain in the endless universe and the contradiction between life. He cherished the last scene of Sang Yu, but he wanted to do something, but the reality didn't allow it. He can only eat, drink and be merry in time, and sometimes it is inevitable that he will feel something.
(and Tao Guitian Yuanju) "There is a kind word by the river, I am drunk and ignorant" and "its"
Second, forget yourself in poetry and nature.
The poet wants to have fun in the wine, and he wants to eat, drink and forget himself in time. In fact, sometimes he becomes more sober instead of forgetting the reality when he is drunk. He said, "Take off your clothes, wrap yourself in ice wine,
(Drinking with Tao) Every time I get drunk, I miss this life. "Seventh, I think of people who are drunk.
Life, it can be said that he also drank a profound meaning. Although he "holds wine"
(drinking with Tao "no toast, amnesia." (6) "I really want to follow it, (interpreting with Shen Tao), but after all, I still feel that Tao Gong has moved to my house to live in the wine. "
(ditto), it seems that the poet is right, "I have to do everything when I am drunk, but it is not easy to escape."
It is a helpless fact that sadness will inevitably occur in life. sometimes
(Drinking with Tao) He actually thinks that "there is a turning point when you are drunk, and you are not fascinated at first."
Nine) ",only drunk is true, is empty. You won't get hurt if you fall into the car,
(ditto), he was awake and drunk, and Zuo Zhuang didn't bully me. "
When I am drunk, I often feel more awake and cold.
There is a drinking poem that embodies the poet's rights in Poems of Hetao.
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Eat fast, not to show the grandeur of drinking, but to
Pursue a kind of spiritual comfort. If "fitness" is the main feature of Su Shi's wine environment, then, in a suitable state, the poet can forget the pain in time, eat, drink, and be merry in time, and even think quickly, and get wine into poetry.
Yang Yi analyzed Li Bai's thinking mode created in drunkenness in the article Li Bai's Poetic Thinking Mode, and thought that drunkenness poetics was an aesthetic philosophy of life.
Concerned about politics, Su Shi never forgets himself when he drinks. He said:
I have been with me all my life. Is it better than a magnetic needle, although it is still very close? In addition, the origin of sons is the same as that of immortals. The evening scenery is the most regrettable, flying to Hainan. If you leave me alone, you'd better worry about it first. Gu Ying has a glass of wine, who says there is no return? Message to Haibei people, what year is it today? There is loneliness in drunkenness and no miscellaneous words in dreams. -"Drinking alone with Tao" is one of them.
Life, the emperor finally issued a letter to exempt his debt, so the old man's face lit up.
Su Shi is certainly happy, too. In his drunkenness, he did not forget to write a thank-you letter. Thus, although Su Shi is drunk, he can't forget politics, and his father is always in his heart, which can also be said to be the consistent expression of his people-oriented thought.
It can be said that the drinking poems in Su Shi's Poems of Hetao not only have the poet's pursuit of comfort and selflessness, but also have the poet's creation in drunkenness, and even more have the poet's contemplation of the world in wine. It is a contradiction to want to forget the world and not want to forget it.
(Drinking with Tao) He thinks that "Coke is still a state of life and death even though it is drunk" and "it (ditto) is only this nine), so he thinks that" how did the cloud get this body, not drunk and not awake "and" not drunk and not awake ".
However, in the way of brewing, it reflects Su Shi's mental journey in his later years from one side, which has its unique value and special significance in the history of thought. It is an important key to study Su Shi's thoughts in his later years and should not be underestimated. References:
[1] Institute of Literature, China Academy of Social Sciences. China literature history [M]. Beijing:
Su Shi lived in exile in Hainan, sometimes "selling all the wine vessels for food and clothing" (drinking alone with Tao), and the conditions were certainly difficult, especially with his son Tian Yu.
It is a great pity that both sides missed each other. Although this life is bumpy and the reality is not satisfactory, the poet firmly believes that he will return to the north one day, which is called "no return" and is an expectation of the court. "I don't know the palace in the sky. I want to go home by wind, but I'm afraid of Qionglou.
A few words have Su Shi's jade, which is too cold. There is the idea of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism. Why not say "What year is it today?"
Can you understand it this way? Su Shi said:
Hard-working people have no virtue, and their age is beautiful. Summer rain avoids wheat and autumn, and warm wind sends silkworms old. There is a smell at the beginning of the third pharynx, but no water is added. The imperial edict is extensive, not greedy for wealth and treasure. Ruan Ji smiled self-effacing, drunk a few books and thanked the table. -"Drinking with Tao" (eleventh)
People's Literature Publishing House, 1980.
[2] Yuan Xingpei. Research on Tao Yuanming [M]. Beijing: Peking University Publishing House.
She, 1997.
[3] yang yi Li Bai's thinking mode of drunken poetry [J]. Hangzhou normal university
Journal of Academy of Sciences, 1999, (1) :8-9.
Even with a bumper harvest in 2008, people are still trapped by debts accumulated over the years.
It's miserable to have to pay off heavy debts. Su Shi pleaded for the people.
Editor Xu Ying.
On the Theme of Focusing on Poverty and Drinking
Su Shi's Poems of Harmony with Tao
Huancheng Road -xi 1, Ya Q in 2
(1. Art College of Inner Mongolia University, 0 100 10, Inner Mongolia;
2. Middle School Affiliated to Inner Mongolia Normal University, Heilongjiang 0 10022, Inner Mongolia)
Abstract: "He Tao Poetry" is the product of Su Shi's special period in his later years. This is a kind of
Self-conscious writing when the author is in a very cruel political environment. These poems reflect his thoughts in his later years. Paying attention to poverty and drinking are their two themes. His drinking has profound implications. It reflects the author's writing attitude and the attitude of seeing the world with a cup.
; Comfort; Drinking words: Su Shi; "Poems with Tao Yuanming"
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