Thousands of fallen trees and mountains, the sky is far and wide, and the moon is clearly visible along the Chengjiang River. ——Song Dynasty·Huang Tingjian's "Deng Kuai Pavilion" The sky is far and wide, and the moon is clear along the Chengjiang River.
From Huang Tingjian's "Climbing the Pavilion" of the Song Dynasty, three hundred ancient poems, high school ancient poems, climbing the building, describing the scenery and lyrical translation and annotations
Translation
I am not a great person , I only do perfunctory official affairs, and I have been busy for a day. Taking advantage of the early sunshine after the rain in the evening, I climbed up to the Kuai Pavilion to relax.
Looking into the distance, it is early winter, and all the trees are in decline, making the sky and the earth appear even wider. Under the bright moon, the Chengjiang River flows clearly and clearly into the distance.
When friends are far away, I no longer have the interest to play the strings and flute. Only when I see the wine, my eyes show joy.
Thinking about the fetters of life and working for an official, it is really better to find a boat, sit on it, play the flute, and drift to your hometown, where you can be at ease with the white gulls. Wouldn't it be a better destination? Appreciation
This is a lyrical poem written by Huang Tingjian when he was appointed magistrate of Taihe County.
Generally speaking, the beginning of an article or poem is often difficult, so some writers often cut off the beginning. This is because at the beginning, the author has not integrated with the situation of the work, so it is easy to Posturing. The beginning of Huangshan Valley's poem is narrated in popular colloquial language, but it is also wonderfully conceived and draws people in. The poet said, After finishing my business, I, an idiot, climbed up to the Kuai Pavilion. In the afterglow of the evening clear sky, I leaned on the railing and looked out into the distance. These two sentences may seem simple and simple, but they contain extremely rich content: the first sentence is based on the words of Xiahou Ji recorded in the "Book of Jin·Fu Xian's Biography", "If you give birth to an idiot, you will end up in official affairs, and official affairs will not be easy." The following sentence uses Du Fu's "Focus on the Hanjiang Yishan Pavilion" and Li Shangyin's "The eternal soul leans on the dusk clouds", and there are many wonderful innovations. The word "chier" translates the meaning of the predecessors, and it is one of the humorous things to recognize oneself as a "chimer"; the word "luoque" exaggerates the poet's joyful mood of relief, which is similar to the word "kuaige". "Kuai" echoes implicitly, thus adding a sense of cohesion. This is a wonderful use. The three words "Yi Wanqing" are even more deviant from the stereotypes of the predecessors. The "reliance" in Du's poem refers to leaning on the mountain pavilion, which is a narration of the real situation; the "reliance" in Li's poem, the subject is "eternal soul", which is derived from the fantasy of the virtual environment; the "reliance" in Huang's poem can be said to be both virtual and real; the poet's "reliance" "Leaning" is a real scene, but it is leaning against the boundless clear sky at dusk. Reading these three works is like an artistic photography. In the backlight of the sunset, the backs of the poet and the pavilion...
Not only that, the three words "leaning on the evening sun" are also the next sentence. The description provided the basis for the poet to sing out the swan song of "the fallen trees on thousands of mountains and the vast sky, the clear moon along the Chengjiang River". Looking at countless autumn mountains from a distance, the fallen leaves on the mountains are falling, and the vast sky seems even more vast at this time. The Chengjiang River, as clear as jade, flows under the Kuai Pavilion. The crescent moon is reflected in the river, making it even more... The sky is bright and clear. This is a description of the beautiful scenery the poet saw when he first climbed up to Kuai Ge Pavilion, and it is also a portrayal of the poet's broad mind. Reading such poems, people can't help but think of Du Fu's famous lines "The boundless falling trees are rustling, and the endless Yangtze River is rolling in" and Xie Tiao's "The remaining clouds are scattered into ribbons, and the clear river is as pure as practice". But Huangshangu's poems not only absorb the nourishment of the predecessors and refine them, but also represent a new realm. Therefore, predecessors have commented on these two sentences: "The artistic conception is so open that it can actually reveal the secrets of ancient and modern times." (Zhang Zongtai's "Collection of Learning from Lu Zhai")
The fifth and sixth sentences are the middle sentences in which the poet skillfully uses allusions. The previous sentence uses the story of holding the qin with the boy's teeth to thank his close friend. "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals: Original Flavor Chapter" records: "When Zhong Ziqi died, Boya broke the qin and cut off the strings. He never played the qin again, thinking that there was no one who could play the qin again." The latter sentence uses Ruan Ji's blue eyes. According to historical records, Ruan Ji was good at having blue eyes and white eyes. He would "turn his eyes white when he saw people who were polite and customary". The general meaning of these two sentences of the poet is that because my close friend was away, I broke the strings on my piano and stopped playing, so I had no choice but to drink some wine and talk to relieve my worries. The word "horizontal" is used very vividly here, which brings out the image of the poet being helpless, lonely and bored.
In the conclusion, the poet said that he hopes to get on the return boat, play the melodious flute, and return to his distant hometown - my heart has already made a covenant with the white gull. Judging from the structure of the whole poem, this ending is quite exciting: at the beginning, the poet starts from "the idiot is done with the official family affairs", revealing his boredom with the official life and the desire to climb up to the pavilion to enjoy the natural scenery; then; , gradually entering a better state, the poet is intoxicated in the beautiful scenery of falling trees, thousands of mountains, clear rivers and bright moon, which is in sharp contrast with the "resolution" of "public affairs" at the beginning; the poet writes five or six sentences over and over again: On the good day In the beautiful scenery, the poet's inner worries came out of nowhere. The poet felt the pain of being unable to realize his ambitions and being understood by no one. So, where is the way out? This naturally leads to the poet's thoughts of "returning to the ship" and "white gull". This ending not only echoes the beginning, but also follows the trend of the ending, giving people "the feeling of rolling down in one breath" (Pan Boying's comment). And the meaning is meaningful and makes people imagine endlessly.
The whole poem is as clear as words, expressing emotions based on the scenery. The words are closely linked, connected layer by layer, and the allusions are appropriate. There is no missing word, which reflects the novelty of Jiangxi Poetry School's use of words and vigorous writing. characteristics.
This poem is highly praised by future generations. Yao Nai called this poem "a bold and rhyming poem, which moves Taibai's song within the seven rhymes"; Fang Dongshu commented: "It starts with four sentences and narrates and writes, and then goes to the vastness, and five or six sentences are popular. End. Especially bold. This is the so-called person who combines the spirit of single line with the couple. "These comments are very pertinent. Weng Fanggang commented on Huangshan Valley's poem: "Besides Po Gong, there is this kind of extremely high character, extremely high realm, and the vitality of creation is fully vented." If you recite this poem carefully, you should know it.
Huang Tingjian wrote poems with the purpose of learning from Du Fu, focusing on learning his "obvious sentences"; he also advocated "no word has no origin" and "turning iron into gold" and "reshaping the body", thus Forming a unique style of "valley body". Works that reflect its characteristics include:
I love Shi very much, so I don’t want to send an ox to sharpen its horns. An ox can sharpen its horns, but a fight with an ox will destroy my bamboo. ("Inscribed on Bamboo and Stone Herding Cows")
Appreciation of "Thousands of fallen trees on the mountains, the sky is vast, and the moon is clear along the Chengjiang River"
"Looking at the mountains in the distance, the falling trees are rustling. The sky is open and clear, looking out The river is clear and the moonlight on the river is bright and clear. Creation background Huang Tingjian (1045.8.9-1105.5.24), also known as Luzhi, also known as Valley Taoist, later known as Fu Weng, Hongzhou Fenning (now Xiushui County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province). ) was a famous writer and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was the founder of the Jiangxi Poetry School, which was very popular at that time. Together with Du Fu, Chen Shidao and Chen Yuyi, he was known as the "one ancestor and three sects" (Huang Tingjian was one of them and Zhang Lei). , Chao Buzhi, and Qin Guan all studied under Su Shi, and they were collectively known as the "Four Scholars of the Su School". They were as famous as Su Shi during his lifetime, and were known as "Su Huang" in the world. Huang Tingjian's calligraphy was also unique. Ge, one of the "Four Masters of the Song Dynasty"
The water of Huang Tingjian River invades the cloud shadow, and the geese want to fly south. The maple leaves and flowers are rustling in the autumn, and the Xiangjiang River goes north. At the head of the island, the Xiangjiang River is wide and the bitter bamboos are deep. I don't know who is waiting for the moon. But I can see the clear frost on the lake and the dawn of the snow-capped mountains. The river is exhausted. See the moon? When did the moon shine on me? Who did the Chenjiang River flow down to Xiaoxiang? Looking at the Great Wall, there was nothing left; the roaring waves rolled up with frost and snow, and there was no end to the sky. There are two or three bamboo houses, and the red flowers reflect the white flowers. The cold rain comes into the river at night, and I see off my guests in Chushan. In the east and west of the Dongting River, the sun is shining all over the river, and hundreds of boats are vying with each other.