1. The "Liu Siguan" in the poem refers to the guest of the prince where the author serves.
2. Expand knowledge:
1. Prince's guest: official name. It was first established in the Tang Dynasty. He is an official in the East Palace of the Prince. In charge of regulating, guarding, serving, regulating, admonishing, etc. In the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, many officials were concurrently held by other officials. If the Qing Dynasty does not establish a prince, it will not be established. "New Tang Book." "Hundred Officials Chronicles, Fourth Shang": "The prince's four guests are of the third rank. He is in charge of serving and admonishing, praising ministers and etiquette, and attending banquets." It is really a sinecure position, without power or responsibility, leisurely and comfortable.
2. Appreciation of the original poem:
Da Yin lived in Chaoshi, Xiao Yin lived in Qiufan. Qiu Fan is too indifferent, and the market is too noisy.
It is better to hide in the middle and stay in hiding as an official. It seems to be coming out and returning to the same place, neither busy nor idle.
No need to work hard and hard, and you can avoid hunger and cold. There is no official business all year round, but there is salary every month.
If you like to come, there is Qiu Mountain in the south of the city. If you like to wander, there is Spring Garden in the east of the city.
If you want to get drunk, go out to a banquet. There are many gentlemen in Luo, so you can talk freely.
If you want to lie down high, you should hide yourself deeply. There are no carriages or horses, so they often come to the door.
In life, it is difficult to have both. Being cheap means suffering and discouragement, while being noble means being troubled.
Only the hermit among them will be blessed and safe. Qingtong and Fengyue are among the four.
3. Introduction to the author:
Bai Juyi (772-846 AD), Han nationality, named Lotte, also known as Xiangshan Jushi in his later years, was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty of my country. He is a famous and influential Tang Dynasty poet and writer in the history of Chinese literature. His poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms, and simple and popular language. He is known as the "Poetry Demon" and the "Poetry King". He became a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy and a doctor of Zuo Zanshan. There is "Bai's Changqing Collection" handed down from generation to generation, and his representative poems include "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", "Charcoal Seller", "Pipa Play" and so on. The Bai Juyi Former Residence Memorial Hall is located in the suburbs of Luoyang. Baiyuan (Bai Juyi's Tomb) is located at Pipa Peak in the south of Luoyang City.
Bai Juyi was born in a small and medium-sized bureaucratic family of "Shidun Confucianism". Born in Xinzheng, Zhengzhou (now Xinzheng County, Henan). Since the age of 11, he has been displaced for five or six years due to war. He studied hard when he was young. In the 16th year of Zhenyuan (800), he became a Jinshi. In the 18th year, he and Yuan Zhen jointly held the Distinguished Examination of Distinguished Scholars. The two engaged. From then on, Yuan and Bai were equally famous in the poetry world. In the spring of the 19th year, he was awarded the title of Secretary Provincial Secretary. In the first year of Yuanhe (806), he dismissed the school as a scholar and wrote 75 articles in "Celin". He was listed as "talented and knowledgeable in physical and practical subjects" and was awarded the title of county captain. He wrote "Viewing the Cutting of Wheat", "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" and "On the Pond". In the second year of Yuanhe, he returned to the imperial court and took office. In November, he was awarded the Hanlin Bachelor's degree, and in the following year he was appointed Zuo Shiyi. In four years, he initiated the New Yuefu Movement with Yuan Zhen, Li Shen and others. In the fifth year, he was transferred to Cao, a household in Jingzhao Prefecture, to join the army. At this time, he still served as a Hanlin scholar, drafted edicts, and participated in state affairs. He was able to speak out and write letters to discuss matters without fear of the powerful and close ministers. In the sixth year of Yuanhe, because his mother died at home, he served his term and returned to Beijing to take up a post in response to the imperial edict. In ten years, he was demoted to the Sima of Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) for taking the lead in asking for the urgent arrest of Wu Yuanheng's assassin. The following year he wrote "Pipa Xing". He began to live in seclusion and built a thatched cottage in Lushan. His thoughts shifted from "contributing to the world" to "taking care of himself", and he began to write more and more leisurely and sentimental poems. In the 13th year of Yuanhe, he was changed to the governor of Zhongzhou. In the 15th year, he returned to Beijing and moved to Zhongshushe. Due to the strife between the cliques in the DPRK and China, he requested to be released to the outside world in the second year of Changqing (822). He successively served as the governor of Hangzhou and Suzhou, and was quite popular among the people. In the first year of Wenzong's Yamato era (827), he became the secretary-prisoner. The next year, he was transferred to the minister of the Ministry of punishment. Four years later, he settled in Luoyang. Later, he held the positions of Prince Guest, Henan Yin, Prince Shaofu and so on. In the second year of Huichang (842), he became official as Minister of the Ministry of Punishment. In Luoyang, he entertained himself with poetry, wine, Zen, harp and landscape. He often sang with Liu Yuxi and was called Liu Bai at that time. In the fourth year of Huichang, funds were invested in the construction of Longmen Bajie Stone Beach to benefit the boat people. He died of illness at the age of 75 and was buried at Pipa Peak in Longmen Xiangshan Mountain, Luoyang. Li Shangyin wrote his epitaph.