Li Xiang, a great scholar, read Chunqiu, but his uncle mistook the word "out" for "in". Reading a volume every day, a small official is waiting by, often looking unhappy. Li wants to ask him strangely: "Do you often read this book!" Answer: "Yes". "Why do you look depressed when you hear me reading this?" The beadle bowed and said, "When my teacher taught me to read Spring and Autumn Annals, I pronounced the word' Ge' as' Chuo'. Now I hear you pronounce the word' a' as' if', only to know that I didn't pronounce it correctly before. " Hearing this, Li Xiang said, "No, I don't have a teacher to teach me to read. I read according to the notes in the book. I must be wrong, not you. "Checked and found that the label on the book was really wrong. The deacon gave a tactful and tortuous explanation. Li Xiang was very ashamed, and worshipped the junior official as a teacher, calling him a "word teacher".
Gao Shi was born in Guo, Dezhou (now Jingxian County, Hebei Province) and was an outstanding poet in the Tang Dynasty. He stayed in the frontier for a long time in his early years, became familiar with military life and wrote many frontier poems. Most of his poems are vigorous and desolate, and occasionally there are beautiful and handsome poems. One day, Gao Shi went on a field trip and passed by Qingfeng in Hangzhou to enjoy the moon and scenery. He wrote a poem in the monk's room: "The autumn wind in Jueling is cool, and the crane turns over its wet clothes; In the former village, a river falls on the moon, and monks are in the bamboo building in Cuiweijiao. " After he finished writing, he went on his way. When crossing the Qiantang River, it was the setting of the moon. When we carefully observe the river tide, we find that when the moon sets, the river tide retreats with the wind, and the river surface is only half. He thinks that he uses "the water of a river" to describe the river tide on a moonlit night, which is obviously not in line with the actual situation. After he came back from his inspection, he went to the monk's room to change his poems. However, as soon as I stepped into the door, I saw that the poem had been corrected. Gao Shi was puzzled and asked who changed it. The monk told him that shortly after he went, an official passed by and happened to see the poem, but he lamented that the word "one" in the poem was not as accurate as the word "half" and changed it before the author came back to discuss it. Gao Shi secretly marveled and thought, "This man is really my teacher!" Later, he inquired in many ways and learned that the official who changed the poem was a famous great writer.
Yang Wanli, born in Jishui (now Jiangxi), was a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Yang Wanli's poems are as famous as those of You Mao, Fan Chengda and Lu You, and he is also known as the four masters of the Southern Song Dynasty. His poems are good at "Yang Chengzhai style", without piling up allusions, with novel ideas, simple and natural language and its own style. Zhai Chengji has been handed down from generation to generation. Legend has it that one day, Yang Wanli was chatting with people in the museum. When he was talking about the Jin Dynasty, he talked about how a writer and historian named Yu Bao. A small official next to him chimed in and said, "It's Gan Bao, not Yu Bao." Yang Wanli felt very strange and asked him, "How do you know Gan Bao?" The beadle found the rhyme book and gave it to Yang Wanli. Sure enough, under the word "Gan" in the rhyme book, it is clearly written that "Jin has Gan Bao". Yang Wanli saw the joy and said gratefully to the little official, "You are really my teacher!" "
Fan Zhongyan, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, admired Yan Ziling, a hermit of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when he was a satrap in Tonglu, Zhejiang Province. He specially built an ancestral temple for him by the Yichun River in Tonglu, and wrote a poem praising Yan Ziling: "Clouds and waters are vast, and a gentleman is virtuous." After writing the article, Fan Zhongyan showed it to his friend Li Taibo. After reading it, Li Taibo said: "The words' Yunshan' and' Jiang Shui' are magnificent; Technically speaking, it is very imposing, but it seems awkward to connect it with the following word' de'. How about changing the word' wind'? " After listening to this, Fan Zhongyan recited the poem in a low voice: "Yunshan is gray, the rivers and seas are vast, the gentleman's wind, and the mountains are high." Sure enough, it tastes very different Wind has the meaning of "prevailing in Wan Li" and "eternal wind", so it can better reflect the reverence for Yan Ziling. Fan Zhongyan quickly praised Li Taibo as a "word teacher" and gave him 1200 silver.
Sadula, a Mongolian poet in Yuan Dynasty, was born in Mingtian, Zizhizhai and Yanmen (now Daixian County, Shanxi Province). His poetic style is beautiful, he writes about natural scenery and occasional folk sufferings, and he is the author of Wild Goose Gate Collection. On one occasion, Sadula wrote a poem: "The ground is wet and tired of hearing the rain. Come and listen to Jingyang Bell next month." I sang over and over again, quite complacent. An old man saw this couplet and shook his head again and again, disapproving. Sadulla saw this situation and knew that the old man must have a high opinion, so he humbly asked him for advice. The old man said, "This couplet is really extraordinary and has a unique artistic conception. It's just that there is a word "smell" in the first half of the couplet and a word "listen" in the second half. Although the words are different, they all imply "ear". It's just a taboo for poets. " Sadulla suddenly realized, and quickly asked, "In your opinion, what word should be changed?" The old man replied unhurriedly, "Isn't there a good sentence in the poems of the Tang Dynasty? An old monk came to see the rain in the forest." ? Let's borrow the word' look'. "Sadulla tried to change" smell "rain to" watch "rain. After careful consideration, he thought it was really better. The word "look" in the upper part of the couplet hides the meaning of "eyes" and the word "listen" in the lower part of the couplet hides the meaning of "ears", which is not only more in line with the "work pair" in the poem, but also more vivid. "Sadulla hurried forward to salute and called the old man" a teacher of one word ".
As the saying goes, "even if smart people worry a lot, they will lose;" A fool who worries too much will gain something. Modest and studious people can get a "text teacher" anywhere. This kind of thing has existed in ancient times and also in modern times.
1935 Mr. Wang Yiting, a famous painter, was entrusted by a family in Yushan to copy Baihua poems. When I wrote one of the rattan poems, I misspelled the word "Rong" as the word "Qi". At that time, there was a graduate of Xinhua Art College who lived in Changshu Xiaoyao Park. After seeing Wang's handwriting, Jin Chen, a 25-year-old monk, decided to write a poem "Playing Wang Yiting from Bailong Mountain" and give it to the doyen of the art world. The poem is written like this: "Huang Dan, A and B studied flaws and heard a word teacher from the past; Then Xu Rong became purple, and I don't want to sing. " It is pointed out that Mr. Wang Lao wrote this typo without careful consideration when copying poems. Soon after, a thank-you poem named "Seven Laws, Mr. Feng Chen Monk" was sent to the desk of Jin Chen Monk. As the poem says, "Many gentlemen have picked up scars and warts in one word, and it is not easy to find them. Introspection and decline are eventful years, and frequent thoughts are born of dust and floated by dust. Shake your hair and be ashamed to stay in front of the monument for three nights. You will be relieved. Half-hearted, it is a good story, and it is all the sea. " Haiyun Fistula is the name of Mr. Wang Yiting's bookstore. This poem was written by Mr. Wang, who is over 70 years old, and expressed his sincere return to the teacher. His eagerness to learn, his courage to change, and his modesty are vividly on the paper.
In the early 1940s, Qu Yuan, a play written by Guo Moruo, premiered in Chongqing, which happened to be the place where Guo Moruo himself watched the play. Zhang Ruifang, the actor who plays Shan Juan on the stage, read the lines condemning Song Yu: "Song Yu, you failed to live up to the teacher's teaching. You are a spineless scholar! " When Guo Moruo heard this, he always felt that this line lacked a little flavor. The next day, he and Zhang Ruifang talked about their feelings and planned to change the line. At this time, Zhang Yisheng, who plays the fisherman, interjected, "You are better than you, you spineless scholar!" " More delicious. "Guo Moruo read this sentence and found it graced a lot. He happily adopted Zhang Yisheng's opinion and called him "a teacher of one word". To this end, the knowledgeable Guo Moruo specially wrote a short article and attached it to the script.
1942, Wu wrote a poem "Swimming with Commander-in-Chief Zhu in Nanniwan". The poem describes the situation and history of Nanniwan at that time in two sentences: "The chaos has become a wasteland for more than a hundred miles." The "rebellion" in the sentence refers to the Hui uprising in Nanniwan area during the Qing Dynasty, which was brutally suppressed by the Qing government, and Nanniwan became more desolate from then on. Later, the editor of Red Flag Fluttering wanted to use this poem, and Wu agreed. When copying this poem, the waiter Xiao Zhang scratched his scalp while reading it and thought for a long time. He said, "the phrase' back to chaos and wasteland' is inappropriate. Although you put quotation marks on' complex chaos', literally, you still blame the collapse of Nanniwan on the Hui uprising. " Hearing this, Wu stopped writing and humbly asked for advice: "Yes, you did a good job. This sentence is wrong. What do you think should be changed? " Immediately, Wu called the staff around him to participate in their research on this poem, and changed the word "back to chaos" to "hold back" when finalizing it. This change reveals that the waste of Nanniwan was caused by the suppression of the people's uprising by feudal rulers, allowing readers to see the true face of history. Afterwards, when talking to the guest about the little waiter who was only sixteen or seventeen years old, Wu said with emotion, "He is my word teacher."
1957 1, Mao Zedong asked Yuan Shuipai to invite Cang Kejia to talk with him. During the dinner, when talking about the word "Qin Yuan Chun Xue" by Mao Zedong, Cang Kejia asked Mao Zedong how to say the word "La" in "The Original Red Wax Elephant", and said that people have different understandings now. Mao Zedong listened and asked his opinion modestly and suspiciously: "What do you think?" Cang Kejia replied that the word "wax" is hard to say, so let's change it to "wax". "Wax elephant" is just the opposite of the "silver snake" on it. Mao Zedong readily accepted: "Then you can make it up for me."