Talking about artistic records
20 18-06- 18 Top 100 list creator, cultural enthusiast, quality creator.
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There are three people who can't get around reading Tang poetry, namely Li Bai, Du Fu and Wang Wei. The general definition is "Li Bai is a genius, Du Fu is a native talent, and Wang Wei is a talent". Needless to say, He Wang not only has outstanding literary talent, but also is an excellent painter and musician. This makes us think of Su Dongpo's words every time we read Wang's poems: "There are pictures in the poems, which are fascinating; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " Wang Wei was also called "Shi Fo" by later generations (corresponding to Li Bai's "Poet Fairy" and Du Fu's "Poet Sage"). The "Shi Fo" here is not only the religious meaning in Wang Wei's poems, but also the affirmation of Wang Wei's lofty position in Tang Dynasty. Wang Wei is not only recognized as "Shi Fo", but also a master of Nanshan literati painting (Qian Zhongshu called him "the first painting in the prosperous Tang Dynasty"), and he is proficient in temperament, good at calligraphy and good at seal cutting (of course, he can't engrave. At that time, the literati carved stones until the Yuan Dynasty. He is a rare generalist.
(portrait of Wang Wei)
Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, likes Wang Wei very much. He expressed his love for Wang Wei through Lin Daiyu's mouth. At the same time, when we talk about the study of China's ancient poetry, we will definitely think of a must-read article, that is, the chapter on Xiangling's study of poetry in the forty-eight chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions. We tried to read one of the passages: Xiangling smiled and said, "In my opinion, the benefits of poetry are unspeakable, but I want to go." It seems unreasonable, but it is also reasonable to want to go. "Daiyu said with a smile," That's a bit interesting. I wonder where it came from? " ? Xiangling said with a smile, "I read his poem" Bunker "and said," The desert is lonely and the long river sets the yen. " "How straight do you want to smoke? The sun is born round: the word "straight" seems unreasonable, and the word "round" seems too vulgar. When I closed the book and remembered, I seemed to have seen this scene. You said you could find two more words, but you still can't find two words. Then there is' the rivers and lakes are white at sunset and sky blue at high tide': the words' white' and' green' also seem unreasonable. When I think about it, describing these two words in my mouth is like an olive weighing thousands of pounds ... Of course, this is an important chapter about poetry in A Dream of Red Mansions, even more important than the grand view poems and couplets. Cao Xueqin expressed his literary ideas through the mouths of Xiangling, Daiyu, Tanchun and Baochai. With the widespread spread of the chapter "A Dream of Red Mansions", the poem "Lonely smoke in the desert, long river setting the yen" is even more popular. Wang Guowei, a famous scholar in modern times, called these two sentences "the wonders of the ages", and they will be mentioned almost whenever the scenery is mentioned in the future. Let's read this poem today. The whole poem is as follows:
(Xiangling studies poetry)
Wang Wei, whom we are familiar with, seldom writes frontier poems because he has no such experience. Life is the source of creation, and if he wants to write, he must have life. However, we can see that Wang Wei wrote pastoral poems to the extreme, whether it is "where the sun shines into a small forest and shines back on me from the moss" or "the white stone rises in the west of Beijing, and the sky is cold and the red leaves are sparse." Or "there is moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream" and "this river crosses the world, where the color of the mountains is yes and no" are all picturesque famous sentences. He is good at writing landscape paintings. Therefore, when he forcibly squeezed into the military life of the frontier fortress in his life, he described the scenery and things of the frontier fortress to the extreme. He watched a hunting activity and wrote: "The wind is blowing and the general is hunting the Acropolis. Grass withered and eagle eye disease, and the snow was light. " The object is refined and accurate, and the picture is strong. "Today, this poem is also a masterpiece created by the poet with his extraordinary ability to write and paint landscapes after experiencing the frontier fortress in his life.
That year was the 25th year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and our Tang Dynasty envoy Cui defeated Tubo. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered Wang Wei to go to the frontier fortress as a prison army to announce his condolences, which was obviously a chore for a civil servant. For Wang Wei, this condolence trip was actually that Wang Wei was excluded from the court because it took a long time to go to the frontier fortress to mourn. Wang Wei wrote this poem on his way to the frustrated frontier fortress.
(Bike wants to ask)
There is only one bicycle, and Wang Wei's entourage is very few, even shabby. For the matter of "seeking fate", Wei Wang is dissatisfied with the scale of riding, not to mention the place to go is far away. "The country is too long." Juyan's specific address is now in the northwest of Zhangye County, Gansu Province, which is a real frontier fortress.
"Levy the account out of Sai Han, return the geese to the lake field", a distance of thousands of miles, from the prosperous capital to the wild border, the poet wrote it all down in only 10. The poet left Sai Han like a tent, and entered the territory of the conference semifinals like a lone goose flying north. In fact, Juyan was in Tianhan, of course, but in a sense, the poet felt that he had been left in a foreign country, just like the previous one.
As I said before, Wang Wei is good at writing landscapes. He can reproduce what he usually sees in poetry like a picture scroll. It is true that there are paintings in poems and poems in paintings. "The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river falls in yen." The poet just intercepted a silhouette of the frontier desert he saw. The desert is boundless, but this vastness is not monotonous. In the vast desert, there are solitary smoke lit by beacon towers, which stand "straight". This is a vertical disturbance. On the soft sand sea, this kind of strength and perseverance are skillfully arranged between the horizontal heaven and earth. The meandering course of the Yellow River is long and tactfully, and the word "long" cannot be written. At the end of the day, only one sunset stopped at the horizon. Why is the sunset? Only the sunset dares to look directly at it, giving people a warm feeling. Sunset makes people sad, and Cang Sang feels more strongly in time and space. The world is vast, the desert is long, the river is long, but only the straight beacon smoke and sunset accompany the lonely poet, riding a bicycle to ask for directions!
(Changhe Hetao Yen)
When the poet turned his emotions into the scene in front of him, he pulled his eyes back to reality. "When Xiao Guan rode a horse, Ran Yan protected him." When he arrived at the frontier fortress (Xiao Guan), the general was not there. I've only met cavalry scouts, and I told him that he wanted to meet our envoy in Hexi, far away from the front.
What will happen next? The poet didn't write, fearing that he could only move on and go further to the frontier. The poet chose an abrupt end, but this abrupt end was actually angry. The general conquers the front line, and the civil servants are intrigued. He is the only lonely messenger roaming in the vast sand sea. ...
Although frontier fortress poems are magnificent, there is a graceful and touching feeling in Wang Wei's works. This feeling is not a moaning without illness, nor is it a special description and carving of words. He just brings out emotions by writing the normal language of scenery, and writes emotions, which is a seamless blend of real "love words, scenery words are love words".