Tao Yuanming’s poetic artistic characteristics and exploration of the realm of life. Most of the contents of Tao Yuanming’s poems express reclusive thoughts and life. The unity of plainness and mellowness, the unity of emotion, scenery and reason are the artistic characteristics of Tao's poetry. Pastoral poetry sings about the leisurely life of individuals and does not fully reveal the contradictions in the countryside. This is its shortcoming. However, it is of positive significance to contrast the beauty of the pastoral with the ugliness of the officialdom. Chanting poems and epic poems express the anguish of unrealized ideals and the noble character of not collaborating with the rulers. They also expose the darkness of social politics in a tortuous way. Tao Yuanming's influence on future generations was mainly positive. But it also contains a lot of negative thoughts about protecting oneself wisely, keeping oneself in peace, life is like a dream, and taking pleasure in time. Tao Yuanming is an outstanding poet in the history of Chinese literature. His poems take pastoral life as the theme, creating a new artistic realm of pastoral poetry, making pastoral poetry an important content of poetry after the Tang and Song Dynasties. Tao's poetry followed the simplicity of poetry in the Wei and Jin Dynasties and entered a purer and more sophisticated realm. He successfully elevated nature to a state of beauty. He created a new type of beauty and a kind of artistic conception in Chinese poetry. The extremely mellow and unpretentious beauty of dilution is inseparable from his rich life experience. Without the experience of pastoral life, these widely read pastoral poems would not have been written, thus laying the foundation for Tao's poetry in the history of Chinese literature. achieved immortal status. Tao's thoughts were basically Confucian, but later he was also influenced by Taoism to a certain extent. He rarely had the ambition to help the times, and later gave up this ideal after repeated setbacks, but he could stick to his integrity and refused to follow the trend. It's a pity that he finally "entrusted his destiny to take advantage of the transformation" and had to comply with the destiny and maintain an indifferent attitude towards worldly affairs. After he returned to the fields, he participated in part of the productive labor and got along with the farmers on an equal footing. This was the progressive side of his thinking and played a great role in his literary achievements. Tao Shi not only opened up a new world of pastoral poetry, but also made significant achievements in the art of pastoral poetry. His poetry is a new creation, which poeticizes daily life and finds important meaning and lasting poetic flavor in daily life. Before him, Qu Yuan, Cao Cao, Cao Zhi, Ruan Ji, Lu Ji, etc. all focused on the topic. Regarding the subject of national politics, Tao rewrites ordinary life, using commonplace language to write about common things, which is full of poetry. Tao Yuanming devoted all his talents and energy to the creation of pastoral poetry, and achieved unparalleled achievements, pushing pastoral poetry to its peak in one fell swoop. Shen Deqian, a native of the Qing Dynasty, said: "Tao's poems are magnificent, and one section is deep, simple and lush. According to the ancestors of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Youcheng has his pureness, Mengshan people have his leisurely distance, Chu Taizhu has his simplicity, and Wei Zuosi has his harmony. Liu Yi, Cao Youjun and Jie all learned from it and got close to it." It can be seen that the pastoral poets of the Tang Dynasty each absorbed certain aspects of their strengths from Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems, but could not surpass Tao Yuanming as a whole. Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems still have irreplaceable aesthetic value today and have attracted much attention from modern people.
Influence: Mr. Lu Xun once said, "Tao Qian is great just because he is not 'quiet and quiet' all over." Liang Qichao once said of Tao Yuanming, "Nature is his loving partner and often smiles at him." True to his words, Tao opened a channel between nature and philosophy, achieving a kind of reconciliation between the hardships of life and the purpose of nature. Even the most ordinary rural life scenes show an infinite and meaningful beauty in his writing. Tao Yuanming's immortal poems and Tao Yuanming's great character have influenced the thoughts and creations of several generations of literati such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Su Dongpo, and Xin Qiji. He has made immeasurable contributions to the development and prosperity of Chinese literature. Tao Yuanming's poetry focuses on lyricism and expressing aspirations. His language seems simple, but is actually wonderful. The plain and mellow poems contain fiery emotions and rich flavor of life. Tao Yuanming's five poems "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" are the finest or best pastoral poems. Among them, "Shaowu Suitable Rhyme" is compiled in the Chinese textbook for middle school students. The lyrical expression of the poem is refreshing; the description of the scenery is eye-catching. After reading it, you will never forget it. Whenever you read it, it is a beautiful enjoyment. As a hermit living in the troubled times of the late Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming often interacted with Taoists in Lushan in his later years. This is conceivable, but they may not have the same ideas. Anyone who has carefully studied Tao's poems and understood the poet's life knows that Tao Yuanming was an atheist who was calm and quiet on the outside but passionate in his heart. When he was young, he had great ambitions, accepted Confucianism, and hoped to make achievements. However, after serving as an official for a period of time, he was disappointed by the reality. He did not want to join the ranks of those in power, so he chose a path of retirement and return to farming. At this time, he was influenced by the philosophy of Lao and Zhuang. Because he had a pastoral life that many literati had never had before, and he personally participated in labor and had contact with the working people, he inevitably got some new feelings and inspirations in his thoughts. , can create a new form of pastoral poetry with a unique style, and has made a great contribution to the history of the development of Chinese poetry. From his "fierce ambition to travel all over the world" when he was young to his "fierce ambition to always be there" in his old age, he has never forgotten the world. His famous work "The Story of Peach Blossom Spring" is exactly his vision of a "happy and contented" society like the primitive times, in which people are self-reliant, live in harmony, and free from all the turmoil and poverty in reality.
Even his seclusion and drinking, when analyzed in the context of the times, also contain a certain degree of dissatisfaction and resistance to the dark rule at that time. Of course, Tao Yuanming was, after all, a scholar-bureaucrat who lived in a feudal society more than a thousand years ago. It is impossible that there would not be many things in his thoughts and poems about being content with poverty, enjoying life in time, and avoiding the world and being negative. However, literary critics and writers of later generations, out of their own class preference, mostly appreciated and praised his characteristics in this aspect, believing that this is the essence of Tao Yuanming's poetry.