1, learn about the Book of Songs.
2. Understand the realistic creation tradition of The Book of Songs.
3. Meng's content and theme.
Important and difficult
1, can read this poem accurately, and pay attention to its rhythm and rhyme.
2. Translate the text by reading notes.
3. Dream is a narrative poem, which is a key point to clarify the narrative plot of the poem and appreciate its artistic techniques.
teaching process
first kind
I. Overview of The Book of Songs
The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China. Formerly known as "Poetry", it is one of the Confucian classics (Confucianism has four books and five classics, and the four books refer to the University, the Doctrine of the Mean, the Analects of Confucius and Mencius; "Five Classics" refers to poetry, calligraphy, ceremony, Yi, Spring and Autumn Period. Written in the spring and autumn period of the 6th century BC, there are 305 articles, so it is also called "Poem 300". According to its content, The Book of Songs can be divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode. Wind, also known as 15 national wind, is mostly folk songs, and later generations often refer to it as "coquettish" together with Qu Yuan's Lisao. "Elegance" is divided into elegance and vulgarity, which is the lyrics of court music. This is an orthodox music. "Fu" is divided into Zhou Fu, Lu Fu and Shang Fu, and it is a music song for offering sacrifices to ancestral temples. The Book of Songs can be divided into three categories: Fu, Bi and Xing.
Fu, which means laying out details and comparing them, makes poetry look neat, symmetrical and magnificent.
Bixing, that is, metaphor, is a rhetorical method initiated by The Book of Songs.
Xing, this is what causes other things. For example, "birds in the tree are in pairs, and green mountains and green waters laugh." Pick a bunch of flowers at random, and my wife and I will tie our temples. "Xing" is also the first rhetorical form in The Book of Songs.
(A) a brief description of "self-protection"
1, Mang is a narrative poem. Narrative poems have stories, and there are lyrical and argumentative narratives. The author uses the first person "I" to describe, and adopts the method of recall and comparison. The whole poem is divided into six chapters with ten sentences in each chapter. The author follows the plot clue of "love-marriage-rejection". Through the description of the abandoned heroine, the author created a hard-working, gentle and strong female image, showing the strong desire of ancient women to pursue independent marriage and happy life.
2. Perceive the whole text as a whole.
Mencius, selected from The Book of Songs Feng Wei, is the longest folk song of Feng Wei. This is a narrative poem. The whole poem describes a woman abandoned by her husband, recalls her love, marriage and experience after marriage, and tells her pain and regret about her unfortunate marriage. The whole poem consists of 60 sentences, divided into six chapters, and each chapter has 10 sentences.
3. Dream uses the method of contrast in memory. The comparison of love, life, thoughts and feelings before and after shows the heroine's personality characteristics and personality changes. The use of metaphor arouses readers' association, enhances meaning and produces vivid and poetic artistic effects.
(1) Guidance on learning the law
The study of The Book of Songs does not need to focus on the interpretation of individual words and phrases (but some real words and function words commonly used in ancient Chinese and words and idioms still in use today must be mastered); The key point should be to learn and master the artistic significance and effect of the works in terms of thoughts and feelings expressed, characters portrayed, fu, ratio, xing technique, composition structure and pause rhythm, so as to improve aesthetic taste and cultural taste. Jing Nv is a vivid and interesting love poem. When learning this poem, we should pay attention to understanding the deep affection between men and women and the way to express this deep affection. "Dream" is a famous sentimental poem about abandoning a wife, with vivid characters. In the research, we should be able to analyze the image and personality of the male and female hosts in the poems, and understand the organic connection of six chapters in China's poems and the application of fu, bi and xing techniques.
(2) Read the poem aloud, and then translate the text according to the notes after class.
When reading, we should pay attention to the Book of Songs, which is a typical four-character poem with obvious rhythm, such as "self-protection | self-protection | trade silk". When robbers come to trade silk, they come to look for it. "
Pay attention to the phonetic notation and explanation of some key words.
(3), the plot and theme
Dream is a narrative poem. Narrative poems have stories, and there are lyrical and argumentative narratives. The author narrates in the first person "I will come", and asks a classmate to tell the story by means of recollection and comparison.
The whole poem is divided into six chapters, the first chapter is ten sentences (ten clauses can be divided into five complex sentences).
The first and second chapters trace back to love life. The heroine "sent her son to Qi" and advised Meng "not to be angry"; "Seeing re-entry, talking with a smile" is a warm and gentle girl.
Chapter 35 Review of married life. The third chapter, with the rise, summarizes my life experience: "I am a woman, what is there to worry about!" " The fourth chapter, as you like, summarizes "three-year-old poverty" and "scholars also put all their eggs in one basket, 237 virtues."
The sixth chapter expresses the mood and determination after "bowing to mourn": "On the contrary, it is useless to think about it!"
The author narrates along the plot clue of "Love-Marriage-Decisiveness". Through the description of the abandoned heroine, the author created a hard-working, gentle and strong female image, showing the strong desire of ancient women to pursue independent marriage and happy life. The following is the narrative structure and emotional tone of the whole poem:
[blackboard writing]
ordinary people
Love and marriage are certain.
Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6
Autumn has no time to fight with scholars.
A person who smiles and speaks does both.
As for violence,
Passion, happiness, resentment, sadness, sobriety and perseverance.
When reading the whole poem, we should arrange a cadence tone to reflect the rhythm of plot development and express the tone of the heroine's feelings.
Second lesson
(4) Appreciation point
1, memory and contrast
Dream is narrated and lyrical by the heroine in her memory. Use contrast in memory. The heroine compared herself before and after marriage. Before marriage, "the banquet in the general's corner was full of laughter" and "I didn't see it again, I couldn't help crying." Seeing the resumption of GATT, I laughed and laughed, and "I" was pure and enthusiastic. After marriage, "I stayed up all night and never went to court" and "think quietly and bow my head", which was hard and humiliating. The more prominent thought has undergone profound changes: "I am a woman, what am I worried about!" " "I can't say that women are worried." The comparison of love, life, thoughts and feelings before and after shows the heroine's personality characteristics and personality changes. Self-protection also forms a contrast between pre-marriage and post-marriage Before marriage, "self-protection", after marriage, "when a woman is unhappy, a scholar is precious", "what she says must be done", and as for violence, he "has two or three virtues" and even becomes violence. In the contrast between love and life, the heroine also realized the inequality between men and women in love and marriage, and learned a lesson from the bitter experience: "If you were a woman, you wouldn't be anxious with a scholar!" " The anxiety of scholars can be said especially, but the anxiety of women can't be said. "She regretted more than she felt sad, and refused to stay:" It's no use thinking about it! " Showing her sober and strong personality characteristics.
2. The Book of Songs pioneered the skills of comparison and interest.
The third and fourth chapters of Self-protection use the technique of interest.
In the third chapter, the first four sentences are "The mulberry leaves are fat before it falls." In the noise, there are no mulberries. "Mulberry leaves are fresh and tender, so don't be greedy for mulberries. This is in contrast to the last six sentences urging "be a woman, not a scholar", and poetry is interlinked.
In the first four sentences of the fourth chapter, "Mulberry has fallen, but it is withered and withered", and the leaves turn from light green to yellow, which is in contrast with the change from "a scholar's oath" to "a scholar's behavior" and contains metaphors.
In the third and fourth chapters, natural phenomena are used to contrast the changes of the heroine's love life. Poems expressing emotional life come from evoked poems, which stimulate readers' association, enhance meaning and produce vivid and poetic artistic effects. Some people think that mulberry leaves are green and withered, and there is no need for scholars! A scholar's anxiety can be said especially, but a woman's anxiety can't be said. "She regrets more than she is sad, and she won't miss it:" It's no use thinking about it! "Show her sober and strong personality characteristics.
2. The Book of Songs pioneered the skills of comparison and interest.
The third and fourth chapters of Self-protection use the technique of interest.
In the third chapter, the first four sentences are "The mulberry leaves are fat before it falls." In the noise, there are no mulberries. "Mulberry leaves are fresh and tender, so don't be greedy for mulberries. This is in contrast to the last six sentences urging "be a woman, not a scholar", and poetry is interlinked.
In the first four sentences of the fourth chapter, "Mulberry has fallen, but it is withered and withered", and the leaves turn from light green to yellow, which is in contrast with the change from "a scholar's oath" to "a scholar's behavior" and contains metaphors.
The third and fourth chapters compare the changes of the heroine's love life with natural phenomena, and derive poems expressing emotional life from the poems, which stimulate readers' association, enhance meaning and produce vivid and poetic artistic effects. Some people think that it is more artistic and attractive to describe love life from happiness to pain with light green and yellow mulberry leaves.
(5) recite this poem.
Second, enjoy "The Quiet Girl"
Teaching objectives
1, pay attention to the description of scenery and psychology in poetry and the relationship between them.
2. Guide students to understand the lyrical characteristics of adopting the first person "I".
Important and difficult
The artistic effect of poetry detail description.
teaching process
(1), solve the problem.
Jingnv is a beautiful love poem, which is selected from The Book of Songs. It describes the scene of dating a lover in the tone of the first person "I" (a young man), and describes the different feelings of "I" before and after seeing a lover. The whole poem 12 sentences is divided into three chapters with 4 sentences in each chapter.
(2) overall perception of the full text.
"Fine Girl" describes a scene in which young men and women in love are very interested in life when dating, and depicts the image of an innocent, lively, intelligent and lovely girl and an innocent and infatuated teenager. The psychological activities of the characters are very delicate and vivid, and they are good at grasping the emotional changes of the characters. At the beginning of the date, the young man and the girl "love but don't see", so he "lingered" and was very anxious; Later, after they met, the girl gave him a gift, and he "talked about the beauty of women" and couldn't put it down. This contrast between joy and sadness shows the sincere love between young men and women.
(3), appreciate the point
This little poem describes the innocent and lively funny scene of folk men and women meeting so vividly. "Tong Guan is wise and says that women are beautiful", while "beauty is different. ..... beauty ",with a pun, to express their deep feelings, show their sincere love and obsession with things. The poem is very short, only three chapters and twelve sentences, but it vividly describes the interesting scene of a couple's tryst, the psychology and feelings of the characters, and also depicts the characters' character to a certain extent, that is, it vividly shows the image of an innocent, lively, intelligent and beautiful girl and a simple and honest spoony man. In a word, this love song is not only healthy in ideological content, but also successful in art. Its concise language, ingenious conception, vivid psychological and image portrayal of characters and rich flavor of life cannot but surprise our readers after 2000.
(4) Recite and write Quiet Girl.
(6) Thinking after class
Teaching reflection:
Through the study of these two poems, it is found that students have a strong interest in learning poems. Teachers should seize this situation to carry out interest-oriented teaching, gradually cultivate students' ability to appreciate poetry, and improve their ability to appreciate words while cultivating sentiment. In the process of learning, we should pay attention to the feelings and feelings of the ancients, so as to better grasp the inner charm of poetry.