Ancient poems in a broad sense include poems, ci poems and Sanqu poems, while ancient poems in a narrow sense only refer to poems, including ancient poems and modern poems. Ancient poetry, that is, China's ancient poetry, refers to China's poetry works before the Opium War 1840. Its original intention is a poem written by the ancients. Broadly speaking, China's ancient poems include poems, words and Sanqu written by the ancients. In a narrow sense, ancient poetry only refers to ancient poetry and modern poetry written by ancient people.
1, ancient poetry. This is a poetic genre. Judging from the number of words in poetry, there are four-character poems, five-character poems and seven-character poems.
2. Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry and metrical poetry, is a genre of Chinese poetry that pays attention to fairness, antithesis and rhyme. In order to distinguish it from classical poetry, it has the name of modern style.
3. Text. Ci is a unique poetic style, which sprouted in the Southern Dynasties and is a new literary style in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, after a long period of continuous development, Ci entered its heyday.
4. Sanqu. A form of verse that appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty and prevailed in the Yuan Dynasty was formed under the influence of folk songs, and its syntax was more flexible than words.
5. Modern poetry. Also known as "vernacular poetry", it can be traced back to the late Qing Dynasty, and it is a kind of poetry. Compared with classical poetry, although it is written for feeling things, it is generally informal in format and rhythm. According to whether there are complete stories: lyric poems and narrative poems; According to the performance content: pastoral poetry, landscape poetry, satirical poetry, epic, pastoral, elegy, ode, philosophical poetry;
According to the form of expression, it is divided into: ancient poems, modern poems, metrical poems, metrical poems, quatrains, chronological poems, recitation poems, limerick poems, free poems, sonnets, ballads, folk songs, nursery rhymes, prose poems and other extended materials;
Metric poetry, also known as modern poetry, is a kind of ancient poetry in China and a poetic style formed after the Tang Dynasty, which is mainly divided into quatrains and metrical poems.
According to the number of words in each sentence, it can be divided into five words and seven words. Style and sentence patterns have certain norms, phonology has certain laws, and the changes in use also need to abide by certain laws. Free verse is a kind of poem with irregular syllables, rhythms and other forms of design. It pursues "organic form" and relies on the natural rhythm of speech.
This kind of speech is "natural" to the theme and feelings of the poem. Free verse is not a modern invention, but with the arrival of modernism, it occupies an important position and constitutes a rebellion against the fixed form of19th century poetry. Free verse has no external form to use, and it may be the most difficult to write well compared with previous poems.
Narrative poetry is a poetic genre. It depicts characters in the form of poems and expresses emotions by writing people's narratives. Compared with novels and plays, its plot is generally simple. This genre contains stories, characters and other novel contents, and has the characteristics of lyric poetry. The plot is complete and concentrated, the characters are typical, poetic, concise, and the life scene is clear.
Examples and appreciation of ancient poetry
1, I think in a quiet night, Li Bai, the foot of my bed is so bright, can it be frosted already? . I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic. This poem is about Li Bai's meditation on the bright moon in a quiet night. The bright moonlight lit up the bed and reminded him of his distant hometown. By depicting the blend of the bright moon and homesickness, the poet's endless yearning for the suffering of leaving his hometown and his nostalgia for his hometown are expressed.
2. Heron lodge, the mountain covers the day, the ring of the king, and the ocean drains the golden river. By going up one flight of stairs, seeing further, this poem depicts the magnificent natural scenery and the constant pursuit of transcendence by human beings. By describing the magnificent scenery of the Yellow River entering the sea, the poet expressed his admiration for the magnificent natural scenery and inspired people to forge ahead and keep forging ahead.
3, "On Mountain Holidays Thinking of Shandong Brothers" Lu You is in a foreign land and misses his relatives every holiday. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me. This poem expresses deep thoughts about hometown and relatives. Being in a foreign land, the poet can't reunite with his family, and he misses his relatives every festive season. Especially on the Double Ninth Festival on September 9, I think of the scene of my hometown brothers climbing mountains, but I can't celebrate with them, and I feel extremely lonely.