On October 19, the second year of Dali, Qui-fu arrived at Yuan's residence in a different car and saw the sword of Twelve Niangs, which was magnificent. Asked his teacher, he said, "I am also a disciple of Gong Sundaniang." In the fifth year of Kaiyuan, when I was a child, I recorded it when I watched Gongsun's sword-dancing device in Yancheng, and when he was frustrated and won the championship alone. Since Gaochou Yichun and Liyuan Erjifang, they have been admired by people. Xiao is a dancer, but at the beginning, Sun was just a person. Jade is beautiful and white; Today I am a disciple and a bandit. Distinguish its source, you can know the waves and be generous, and you can talk about it as a "sword." Zhang Xu, a former Wu native, is good at cursive script and calligraphy. He often saw Gong Sundaniang dancing Xihe Sword in Yexian County. Since then, cursive calligraphy has improved and I am grateful, that is, Gongsun knows.
Du Fu (Tang Dynasty)
A few years ago, there was a beautiful Gongsun who danced her dagger from all directions.
The audience is like a mountain lost between them, and the world moves back and forth with her movements.
So, it's like shooting at nine days, and it's as fast as an angel in front of a dragon's wings.
She began to be like a thunderbolt, venting its anger and ending the shining calm like rivers and seas.
But those red lips and pearl sleeves disappeared, and no one except this student smelled of her fame.
This beautiful woman from Linying, White God Town, still dances and sings happily.
When we answer each other's questions, we sigh together and feel sad for the changes that have taken place.
There are 8,000 ladies-in-waiting in the harem, but none of them can dance short sword like Mrs. Sun.
Fifty years have passed, like the rotation of a palm, wind and dust filled the world and covered the imperial house.
The children in the pear garden are scattered like smoke, and the female music reflects the cold weather.
The south wood of the golden millet pile has been arched, and I seem to hear the hay rattling on the cliff of Qutang.
At the climax of joy, sadness comes with the rising of the eastern moon, China.
And I, a poor old man, don't know where to go. I must sharpen my feet towards illness and despair on a lonely mountain.
[Note] (1) Gong Sundaniang: a famous female dancer in the Kaiyuan period of Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. Disciple: Li Shier's mother in the preface. Sword: the name of sword dance, when it was introduced from the western regions, was equivalent to the martial dance in the Tang Dynasty. The dancers were women in uniform holding swords. ② Dali people: Li (766-779). Dali two years: AD 767. (3) Do not drive: the official name is Assistant Secretary of State. Yuan Zhi: Unknown. House: a place to live. (4) Linying: the name of the county in the Tang Dynasty. The old city is in the northwest of Linying County, Henan Province. (5) Zhuang: Used as a verb to show respect. Postscript of Wei: A bold and heroic look. I admire Shi Liniang's swordsmanship. (6) Ask her teacher: Ask her which teacher she learned it from. (7) Yu: I. Disciple: student. (8) Kaiyuan: Li Longji year number of Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (7 13—74 1). The fifth year of Kaiyuan: AD 7 17. Load: years. (9) Naive: young. (10) Yancheng: the name of the county in the Tang Dynasty, which is now Yancheng County, Henan Province. Sabre: Mixed Tuo is also a popular martial dance in the Tang Dynasty. A new martial dance created by combining sword and mixed tuo dance is called "sword is mixed tuo" Ji Li: Describe the liveliness when dancing. Special effects: describe the bright rhythm of dance. (12) customs clearance: outstanding. When he won the championship alone, he meant that Gong Sundaniang's dancing skills were outstanding, which was second to none at that time. (13) Gaotou: suspected as "ahead", refers to people who often sing and dance in front of the emperor. Yichun: Yichun Courtyard, the residence of maids who were engaged in song and dance performances during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. Liyuan: In the second year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (7 14), a teaching workshop was set up next to Penglai Palace to practice music and dance and personally teach French music. Those who are called to learn music and dance are called children of Liyuan. There are hundreds of maids in Liyuan children living in Yichun Hospital. Ji Fang: A teaching studio, an institution that teaches music and dance. My wife: The maid-in-waiting who lives in Yichun Courtyard singing and dancing is called my wife, also called "leader". (14) Yue (Jihe): Here. Waibai: refers to a geisha who is invited to perform in the palace at any time without staying in the palace. (15) Xiao: Very knowledgeable. Dance: This kind of dance. It refers to the dance of "Jiansong". (16) SHEN WOO: refers to Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. In the 27th year of Kaiyuan (739), the minister conferred the title of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. (17) gongsun: refers to Gong Sundaniang. (18) Jade Appearance: It refers to the beautiful appearance of Gong Sundaniang when he was young. Jinyi: Gorgeous clothes. (19) Whitehead: Whitehead. Z: Here, this one. Disciple: Twelve Niangs. (2 1) Bandit: It means the same as "no", but it is not. Prosperous face: a beautiful face is youth. (22) discrimination: recognition. Origin: Origin refers to the mentoring relationship of Twelve Niangs. (23) Wave: This refers to the posture and change of dance. Wave Moore: It means that Li Shiniang's dancing skill is the same as that of Gong Sundaniang. (24) Nursing: Recalling the past. Generosity: passionate exclamation. (25) Chat: Let me put it this way. For "sword line": Write a poem about "sword line". (26) The past: Once upon a time. Zhang Xu: Zi, a native of Wu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), was a famous calligrapher in Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. (27) Good: Good at it. Good cursive: Zhang Xu is good at cursive. His cursive script, Li Bai's poems and Pei's dance are called "Three Musts". (28) Count (say): Repeatedly. Yexian County: Located in Anyang County, Henan Province. Xihe sword: a sword dance in Tang Dynasty. Since then: since then. Zhang Zhang's progress: growth benefits. (30) Bold gratitude: Describe Zhang Xu's cursive script, bold and flying, full of passion. (3 1) That is, then, then. Zhang got such a strong influence from his dance, "From then on, a grass man: a beauty. Palace: Gong Sundaniang. (33) One: As an auxiliary word, strengthen the tone. Walking: The dance is excellent and very emotional. (34) the audience is like a mountain: it is described that there are many people watching. Color depression: refers to being shocked and eclipsed by the fierce dancing of sword dance. (35) Ang: High. This means that heaven and earth seem to rise and fall with her sword dance. (36) (Jojo): It shines brightly. This refers to the sword light. Shooting for nine days: ancient gods released a legend that Yao was good and healthy at sunrise at ten o'clock. Emperor: a group of gods. Long Xiang: Flying on the dragon. Even two sentences say that the sword shines brightly, shooting nine suns like Iraq, vigorous and smooth, and flying like a god in the sky. (38) Come: refers to the sword dance at the beginning, which is heroic and brave, and thunderous; As soon as the dancing sword dance is over, the double swords in the hands are as clear as rivers and seas. (40) Crimson lips: refers to Gong Sundaniang's singing. Bead sleeves: refers to Gong Sundaniang's dance. Second,; Singing and dancing. Loneliness: Because Gong Sundaniang has already passed away, her singing and dancing are also lonely. (4 1) Late: Late is later. Disciple: It refers to Li Erniang. Bouquet: This is the laudatory name for Gong Sundaniang's superb dancing skills. Chuan Xiang: It means that Gong Sundaniang's superb dancing skills were inherited by Li Shiniangs and passed down to the world. (42) Linying Beauty: refers to Li Erniang. Bai Di: Bai Di, namely Kuizhou. (43) God is full of enthusiasm: the spirit is flying. (44) To: Why, why. Existing: the meaning of "identifying its source" in the preface. (45) worry: worry and worry. Even two sentences mean that in the question and answer with me, I have asked about the relationship between Li Shiniang and the teacher, which can not help but add infinite sadness to the world and the rise and fall of the country. (46) First Emperor: refers to Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Maid: This refers to the female artists who serve Xuanzong. Eight thousand people: there are many maids. (46) first place: it is the first place. (48) Fifty Rooms: From the fifth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (7 17) when Du Fu saw Gong Sundaniang's swordsmanship in Yancheng, to the time when Du Fu wrote this poem, it happened to be fifty years in the second year of Tang Daizong Dali (767). Like a palm: it is said that the speed of fifty years has passed like a palm. (49) Zhuo () Cave: a boundless gesture. A metaphor for the catastrophe of the An Shi Rebellion. Confusing the royal family: making the national fortune of the Tang Dynasty decline. Even two sentences mean that fifty years have passed quickly, as if it were a slap in the face; The catastrophe caused by the Anshi Rebellion made the national movement of the Tang Dynasty decline. (50) Dissipate like smoke: that is, disappear like smoke. (5 1) Female music: It originally refers to female song and dance artists, and here it refers to Li Shier's mother. Yu Zi: It refers to Shi Liniang's swordsmanship, which still has the charm of a prosperous new century. Cold weather: therefore, the poem was written in October, so it is called cold weather, and it also means exile of poverty. (52) Jinsudui: Jinsu Mountain in the northeast of pucheng county, Shaanxi Province, is the location of the tomb of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Archie: Put your hands together. Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty died in the first year of Baoying (762), and it has been more than five years, so it is called "the wood has been arched". (53) Qutang Shicheng: refers to Kuizhou, because Kuizhou is near Qutang Gorge. Bleak grass: refers to the scene of depression and decline of vegetation in Kuizhou. (54) Fan Yan: Describe a luxurious banquet. Emergency tube: refers to the fast music played by wind music. (55) Music: refers to the songs and dances in the banquet that make people feel happy. Mourning: lamenting the loss of one's life experience and the sadness brought about by the rise and fall of the country. Even two sentences mean that the luxurious banquet and the beautiful song and dance have now ended together, which makes people extremely happy and sad. At this time, the moon has also risen in the east. (56) Old father-in-law: Du Fu claimed. (57) Cocoon: the thick skin on the sole of the foot, which is used as a verb here. Turn: reverse, reverse. Sick: Quick. Even the last two sentences say that the banquet is over and people are scattered, but they don't know where to go; These feet with thick cocoons are hard to walk in the barren hills, but I'm afraid they will walk too fast. Qiu said, "It's too late to worry now, so I can't bear to go. "
[Brief Comment] This is a poem "Feeling Worried about Things" written by Du Fu when he lived in Kuizhou in the second year of Dali (767). In the sharp contrast between the past and the present, it reveals the great changes in the Tang Dynasty in the past 50 years and expresses the poet's grief. Although the Anshi Rebellion was put down at that time, the situation remained turbulent. Hebei is still under the control of the Anshi clique, Hexi and Longyou have also been captured by Tubo, and Chang 'an is threatened. At this time, the declining Tang Dynasty had already lost the prosperity of "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng". The poet himself, wandering in the southwest for a long time, not only failed to realize his ambition, but also had a hard life. In this difficult time, the poet saw Li Shierniang's sword dance, and the vivid description of the sword dance in the poem reflected the beauty and superb dance art of the Tang Dynasty. I can't help but think back to Gong Sundaniang's "Sword Dance" when I was a child fifty years ago. Why not feel sad with mixed feelings? Therefore, the bitter fruit of past prosperity and present decline has become the theme of this poem. The ending sentence of this poem skillfully discusses art and truth, which can be said to be a must-read text for students. And this poem is the swan song of frustration and frustration. With the help of a dancer, the poet gave birth to his own feelings, summed up the "dusty cave" of fifty years, shed his sad thoughts, and stirred up endless meanings in a heavy and sad mood. This poem by Du Fu combines the loneliness of life experience with the decline of national fortune, expressing the poet's anxiety and anger about national affairs, which is exactly what makes Du Fu great and outstanding.