Common lyric images in ancient poems
Teaching process:
Teacher: In Peacock Flying Southeast, Liu Lanzhi said this when she said goodbye to her sister-in-law. On the seventh and ninth day, don't forget each other when playing. ? The note said that ancient women begged the Weaver Maid for help on the night of the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. What is flattering?
Health: According to legend, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl meet on the night of the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. The girl displays melons and fruits in court that night, and wears needles under the moon to seek the wisdom of the Weaver Girl.
Teacher: When it comes to the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, we will think of their love stories we heard in grandma's arms.
Please tell stories all your life (abbreviated). Find the words in another life and the poems corresponding to the story. Clear sentences (omitted).
Teacher: Besides this article? Crying like rain all day? Except for two sentences, the rest of the poems can be verified from the story. But this poem is not a retelling of the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. It's not worth it if you just repeat the story? Perfect, a word is a thousand dollars? The reputation of. So what does this poem want to tell us behind the story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl?
Zhong Xing, a literary theorist in the Ming Dynasty, said in "The Return of Ancient Poems": The beauty of Yuefu lies in its ability to surprise people; The beauty of ancient poetry is that it can make people think. ? What can you think of in the face of this ancient poem? (Students discuss)
Teacher: Hint: What should be the key to interpret this poem? Crying like rain all day? Two sentences. Why do you cry when you can't knit all day?
In these two poems and The Book of Songs, Nan Zhou curled his ears: Picked and picked, half a day less than a small basket. ? Have the same effect. Why is this happening? The reasons are as follows: well, I'm pregnant and I'm going somewhere else. ?
Health: So that's it? Pregnant? . So what? Crying like rain all day? The reason is that I am pregnant with someone and miss someone far away.
Teacher: Discussion: Why is the author telling the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, instead of the story of the goddess mending the sky or Pangu creating the world?
Health: The reason is to express my thoughts. Through the fact that the weaver girl misses the cowherd and the weaver girl are far away from each other, the author expresses the sadness of missing her lover and not meeting each other. This technique is called expressing meaning by holding objects.
Teacher: Look again: Is the narrator male or female? How did you know?
Health: female. From where? Delicate hands, tying machine? It can be seen.
Teacher: A poem written by a woman thinking of people far away has a specific name: Si (s? ) female poetry. There are many poems about women in Nineteen Ancient Poems, such as Grass on the Green Edge. This poem influenced Wang Changling's Forever in My Heart in the Tang Dynasty. You can analyze the relationship between these two poems after class.
Contrary to the poem of thinking about women, it is the poem of wandering children, which is also a theme of ancient poems, such as "picking hibiscus on the river", which expresses that wandering children miss their relatives in their hometown.
Teacher: So an important theme of Nineteen Ancient Poems is to express your feelings about where you will go and express his thoughts.
Let's go out and express our ideas. Besides the image of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl used in this article, what other common images are there in ancient poetry?
Health: Commonly used are: red beans, maple leaves, geese, moss, grass and so on (examples omitted). And the most commonly used is the moon. For example:
I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic.
People have joys and sorrows, and the moon has ups and downs.
A bright moon shines on lovesickness in both places.
Tonight, people are looking forward to it. I wonder who will fall in Qiu Si?
Task:
1. The ancients often used the full moon and the lack of the moon to express the joys and sorrows of the world, but few people used Chang 'e in the moon. Why? Think in combination with the text.
2. Li Shangyin's "Chang 'e" (abbreviated) uses Chang 'e on the moon to express ideas, write new ideas and think about why this poem is successful.
3. Recite the text. Read poetry in class.
The second teaching goal of the teaching plan design of the distant Altair;
1. Understand the content and status of nineteen ancient poems.
2. Students can understand the rhythm and charm of five-character poems by reciting them repeatedly, and master the application and expression effect of reduplicated words in poems.
3. Enlighten and guide students to understand their own ideas and appreciate the beautiful love story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl.
Teaching focus:
Master the use of reduplicated words and their expressive effects.
Teaching difficulties:
Understand its ideological content and taste the sad beauty of the love between the cowherd and the weaver girl.
Class arrangement:
One class hour
Teaching process:
First, import
Students, we have learned a lot of love poems, such as The Quiet Girl, which describes the sweetness of dating between young men and women in love. Self-protection describes the heroine's unhappy marriage. Today, we will learn another poem about love? Altair, let's see what kind of love story this poem describes to us.
Ok, take out your book, turn to page 10 1 and read "Jumping Cowherd Star" in three poems of Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties.
(Students read it by themselves, and the teacher writes it on the blackboard)
Second, solve problems and introduce common sense of literature.
Jumping Altair is selected from the tenth of nineteen ancient poems in Selected Works.
This 19 ancient poem has no title. Generally, the first sentence of each poem is used as the title.
Nineteen ancient poems (one proper name) are all five-character poems, with five sentences in the whole article. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was social unrest and political chaos. The lower scribes wander, and there is no way to swim. Nineteen Ancient Poems was born in this era, expressing the same kind of situation and feelings. This 19 poem is basically the words of a wandering woman. Specifically, the parting between husband and wife and friends, the hesitation and frustration of scholars and the impermanence of life are the basic emotional contents of Nineteen Ancient Poems.
Nineteen Ancient Poems inherited the tradition of The Book of Songs and Songs of the South in art, and absorbed the nutrition of Yuefu folk songs. What are the expressive techniques of Fu, Bi and Xing in The Book of Songs? Ancient poetry? It is widely used in. Far Morning Altar is one of the songs with high artistic achievements. Liu Xie called it Wen Xin Diao Long? The crown of five words? Zhong Rong said it was in "Poetry"? Perfect, a word is precious. ?
Third, read aloud to get the main idea.
1, please get up and read aloud.
How does he study? OK or not?
Dial pronunciation:
Fiber: xiān cellulose qi? N tracker (blackboard) Zazh?
Question design: What are the characteristics of the rhythm of five-character poems?
Hugging: The reading rhythm of five-character poems is generally three beats, that is, 22 1 or 2 12. A five-character rhythmic poem composed of two beats with different numbers of words is far better than a stagnant four-character rhythmic poem in rhythm.
Like what? Jumping/Petunia/Xingxian/Jumping/Thin)
This is a love poem about the weaver girl missing the cowherd. Think of women's poems? So its emotional tone should be said to be rather sad.
Step 2 read aloud in groups
Come on, let's read together. Try to read the feelings that the poem wants to express (sadness of parting, pain of lovesickness).
(group reading)
Step 3 record and play
Come on, let's listen to the tape and see how others read aloud. Everyone should listen carefully.
Well, everyone has heard it so many times, so what is this poem about? In your opinion, what kind of feelings does it express? (Indicate students' answers)
It is the love story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl: the story that the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl can't meet each other across the Milky Way. Expressed the pain of lovesickness between male and female lovers.
(1) Grasp the content of poetry and understand its emotions.
Distant Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan girl.
Altair is far away, and Vega is bright.
Question 1: What does the first sentence of this poem point out?
Clear: Describe the object? Petunia, Weaver Girl, the lyric hero of this poem? Weaver girl. ? All the way? Wrote a love story about two people who were separated from each other. The story extension of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl: The love story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl is one of the four folk love stories in China (Liang Zhu and Meng Jiangnv, Legend of the White Snake and the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl).
The students all learned the story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl in junior high school. Please tell this story.
Legend has it that there is a Vega and an Altair in the sky. Weaver Girl and Penny are soul mates. But it is forbidden for men and women to fall in love and fall in love privately. So the Queen Mother demoted Penny to the world and was born in a farmer's house, named Cowherd. The weaver girl kept knitting brocade as punishment. Later, the Weaver Girl stole the mortal world privately and met the Cowherd. They got married and gave birth to a boy and a girl. A family of four lives a happy life. However, the heavenly queen was very angry when she learned about it, and ordered the heavenly soldiers to take the Weaver Girl back to heaven. Cowherd put two children in the laundry list, trying to catch up with Weaver Girl. The Queen Mother pulled the golden hairpin off her head and drew a line between the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, resulting in a choppy Milky Way. Therefore, the Cowherd is in the south of Yinhe River and the Weaver Girl is in the north of Yinhe River, which are far apart and can't meet each other.
Question: What techniques are used here?
Clear: Is it used here? Intertextuality skills. ? All the way? Decorate cowherd and weaver girl; And then what? Bright? This is also the case.
Review of knowledge points: Intertextuality refers to a rhetorical way that words used in adjacent sentences of poetry complement each other and combine to express a complete meaning.
For example, Du Mu's Bo Qinhuai? Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand?
Wang Changling's Seizure? Bright moon in Qin dynasty, bright moon in Han dynasty?
Skillful hands, make a loom.
Weaver shakes her slender white hand, loom? Zaza? Gaga.
Clear: Here we further describe the image of Weaver Girl weaving.
It is said that the weaver girl is clever and handy. She can weave layers of beautiful clouds on the loom with a magical silk, and change their colors with time and season.
There is no chapter all day, and tears are pouring down.
I couldn't knit all day and cried like rain.
Question 2: The previous sentence said that the weaver girl was busy weaving in the green space. She knits all day. Why? No chapters? And then what? Why? Crying like rain?
We learned that peacocks fly southeast before, Liu Lanzhi? Thirteen can knit? What's more, the Weaver Girl is a fairy, which is definitely much better than Liu Lanzhi. Why do you want it? No chapters? And then what? )
Clear: I have no intention of knitting, because I miss people far away.
Question 3: Why does Lacrimosa knit sweaters all day? What rhetoric is used in this sentence? Show what emotions?
Clear: Use metaphor and exaggeration to express grief to the extreme through weaving. What kind of tone should we use to interpret this feeling? (Guide students to read and recite on the basis of understanding)
What is the difference?
The Milky Way is very clear and shallow, but how far apart?
And: and, table coordinate relationship.
Go: distance (polysemy: leave; Remove; Discard; Let's go )
Compound words: adverbs, and (this word is polysemous. Come back; Reduction; Answer; Revenge; Exempt from corvee tax; Pass? Superposition? Coverage; Complex)
Question 4: Since the river is clear and shallow, it should be possible to wade through it, but why can't two people meet? So what is the author's purpose in borrowing this story?
Clear: the river is not impassable, but insurmountable. It is because of the barrier of the Queen Mother that love is stifled and frustrated. Visible, Weaver Girl? Crying like rain? My sad thoughts stem from my sadness that my love for my lover was ruthlessly destroyed.
This poem is clearly about legends and stories, but it is secretly about real life. On the surface, it is about the Weaver Girl missing the Cowherd, but in fact, it expresses the parting of lovers who are far away from home and expresses the sentimental feelings of the boudoir euphemistically and tortuous.
Between water and water, there are no words.
Only across the clear and shallow Milky Way, but (Cowherd and Weaver Girl) can only look at each other affectionately, unable to express each other's voices.
So, what does this tell us? (The cause of the pain of the Weaver Girl) expresses the sadness in the heart of the Weaver Girl.
(2) Artistic features
Question 5: What is the use of overlapping words in six of the ten sentences in the whole article?
The application of reduplication is accurate and vivid, and good results have been achieved.
The function of overlapping words is to enhance the sense of rhythm and melody, enhance the image and make the feelings more sentimental.
Far Morning Altar uses reduplicated words and onomatopoeic words.
? All the way? Writing about the distance is the feeling in the heart of the weaver girl and the horizon in the eyes of the lover. ); ? Bright? The bright stars are written (the beautiful posture of the overall image of Weaver Girl is written, bright and moving), which gives people a visual feeling of vast night sky and bright stars.
Then the poet turned his attention to Vega. From far to near, birds of a feather flock together.
? Slim? The beauty of hand shape, Zaza? Busy knitting, one shape and one sound. ? Slim? And then what? Zaza? , sound and feeling.
? Yingying? The appearance of writing water not only shows the crystal of water waves, but also shows the beauty of women, and also shows the tearful expression of women. Unforgettable );
? Pulse? It is beautiful to write about human feelings and water feelings. But across the water, but? Nothing to say Can only be affectionate, across the river. Close at hand, if separated by the horizon. Across the river, the simplicity and lack of breadth of Hehan strengthened the desire to meet, and of course increased the helplessness of not meeting. Similarly, the only obstacle to meeting is? Yingying? A water barrier? Nothing to say It's almost unbearable Scenes and feelings coexist, sad and moving.
Fourth, extracurricular expansion.
1, there will be many ancient poems in the Niulang Zhinv Magpie Bridge. Their touching love story has been passed down to this day. Poets and poets in China wrote countless excellent works on the topic of Chinese Valentine's Day. The following is a representative one:
"Magpie fairy? Qin Guan in Tanabata
Thin clouds are clever, flying stars spread grievances, and yinhan sneaked into Chen Cang. On the seventh day of autumn dew and autumn, it is time to meet, mostly those who are together in the world, but the appearance of husband and wife. Common complaint against acacia, tender feelings like water, meet each other as if it were a dream, when it is hard to see the bridge. If the relationship between two people lasts for a long time, is it a matter of time?
This word is novel in artistic conception, ingenious in imagination and unique in style. Especially the last sentence? If the relationship between two people lasts for a long time, is it a matter of time? Most people lament that it is too difficult for the cowherd and the weaver girl to meet each other, but they think that faithful love does not lie in intimacy.