Appreciation of Dou E's Injustice Works

Through the behavior of officials and others, the beginning describes the gloomy and cold atmosphere of the execution ground. Dou E played a prisoner in this atmosphere. As soon as she took the stage, Dou E sang two songs: Right Good and Rolling Hydrangea. Dou E first stated his own unjust case, showing that he was innocent and was sentenced to death. This injustice is earth-shattering. Before he died, he pointed the object of his complaint at heaven and earth. Dou E accused Heaven and Earth of a drama, a very thoughtful and artistic article, which has been passed down through the ages. Let's take a look at this lyric: "Sooner or later, the sun and the moon will hang, and ghosts and gods will hold the right to life and death." In a word, the real world has its inherent ruling order, and people's destiny comes according to the order of heaven and earth. The next sentence, a "heaven and earth!" A sigh contains Dou E's infinite feelings. There are anger, grievances, complaints, struggles, accusations and expectations. The next sentence, "only together" and "how can I live", two words with strong rhetorical tone, expressed Dou E's strong questioning of heaven and earth. As the supreme ruler who dominates everything and maintains the real world order, heaven and earth should make the society clear and just, but they are not divided. "People who do good suffer from poverty and live a short life, while those who do evil enjoy happiness and longevity." Directly point out the unfair phenomena in reality with a very positive tone: the bad guys win their ambitions and the good guys are bullied. This unfairness in the real world is in sharp contrast with the axiom that should exist between heaven and earth, which can not help but make people doubt the world that dominates everything. "Heaven and earth also! I am afraid of being bullied, but I used to push the boat like this! " This sentence is a summary of the previous words, pointing out that heaven and earth do not maintain the fairness and rationality of reality as people expect or believe. On the contrary, like the evil and cruel bad guys in society, they help others, do evil for others and hurt the kind and weak ordinary people. This accusation overthrew the lofty and sacred position of heaven and earth in people's minds, and profoundly criticized the supreme ruler of people's reality and spiritual world-heaven and earth. Then, anger reached its peak, which was a direct and powerful accusation and condemnation of heaven and earth. "Also, you no matter what is somehow, day also, you are foolish! This is not only to overthrow the position of heaven and earth in people's minds, but also to overthrow the position of heaven and earth in the real world. This bold criticism of heaven and earth is rare in the ancient society where heaven was supreme. Ancient people in China paid special attention to "Heaven" because they lived by agriculture. The emperor is the supreme ruler of the real world, and is considered to obey the heaven, not the heaven to exercise sovereignty. Therefore, it is called "the son of heaven". Dou E's lyrics directly attribute his injustice to Heaven, pointing to the spiritual pillar on which feudal rulers depended. It is not only a complete denial of the whole feudal autocracy, but also a denial of the traditional feudal autocracy. Have a strong democratic spirit. This idea is also Guan Hanqing's expression of his anger through Dou E's mouth. The last sentence "hey, only two tears fell." "It is a turning point after the angry accusation reaches its acme, and it is a sad and helpless sigh that cannot change fate.

This passage has a high artistic appeal, because it expresses people's long-standing strong indignation at social inequality in incisive and very general language. It expresses the desire of ordinary people to maintain social justice, punish evil and promote good. In sentence patterns, almost all of them are spoken, which is close to the language of ordinary people, natural and fluent, full of momentum and strong artistic appeal. So it has been circulated for thousands of years. Guan Hanqing was inspired by the legend of "filial piety in the East China Sea", which gave birth to it. He summed up the rich realistic social content in a romantic way, and boldly and skillfully conceived three vows. These three oaths are raised step by step from small to large, from weak to strong, creating a strong tragic atmosphere.

Dou E is innocent and deeply wronged. She is unwilling to give in to the oppression of reality. She firmly believes that her death will be "earth-shattering" and will be displayed in a miraculous way on earth. The first pile, "blood flying in vain", in this way, Dou E showed her innocence to the world. In the lyrics, Dou E mentioned two allusions: Hong Yan Bi Hua and Wang Di Juan. That she died as wronged as Changhong and as miserable as Wang Di. The second pile, Six In the snow, if the first pile shows her injustice through her own miracle, then the second pile proves social injustice and man-made darkness through unconventional natural phenomena. The story of "Zou Yan great injustice" shows Dou E's experience of unjust imprisonment on earth. The third pile, drought for three years. Quoting the story of "The Sutra of Filial Piety in the East China Sea" is more directly aimed at the groggy government. "This is all because officials have no intention of practicing the law, leaving the people speechless." Dou E hopes to directly punish the cruel and groggy government through the third oath, and also hopes that one day his grievances can be rehabilitated like a "good wife in the East China Sea". Three vows, one is longer than the other in terms of time; As far as space is concerned, piles are bigger than piles. The process of three oaths is also the process of Dou E's rebellious spirit rising in turn, and it is also the process of her struggle that is more clear. Before the execution began, the second oath appeared, which further showed that Dou E's sense of injustice was earth-shattering, and the darkness of society had aroused the wrath of heaven. The realization of the three vows is the final result of Dou E's resistance and the end of the tragic climax. Dou E died, but she left a touching image of hardworking, kind, unyielding and full of rebellious spirit. It also left a sad song for the world to fight against the dark society with death. In feudal society, people were not only oppressed in personal rights and political economy, but also poisoned in thought. According to the concept at that time, the ghosts and gods of heaven and earth clearly observe human right and wrong and preside over human justice. Feudal officials often compared themselves to heaven out of ignorance. At first, Dou E was also influenced by theocracy, and thought that "Master Qingtian" could uphold justice, punish evil and promote good. In the face of cruel reality, she woke up and saw the social truth that "Yamen has been open to the south since ancient times, and there is nothing wrong with it". In the song "Rolling hydrangea", she violently accused the gods of heaven and earth of confusing right and wrong, which led the wicked to run amok and do good and wrong. Dou E's bold condemnation of theocracy is essentially a strong accusation and fundamental denial of feudal rule. Her angry words, such as lava burst its banks and flash floods burst its banks, reflected the heroine's awakening consciousness and rebellious spirit, and also reflected the rebellious spirit of the broad masses of the people at that time.

Dou E's three vows before her death reflect the contradiction of the writer's world outlook. On the one hand, Guan Hanqing cares about people's feelings and has insight into reality. Through Dou E's accusation against heaven and earth and the realization of his three wishes, he showed his hatred for feudal officials and sympathy for the oppressed people, reflecting the people's hatred for feudal rule and the spirit of the times demanding a change in reality. On the other hand, the author is, after all, a playwright in feudal times. Although he cares about the people's sufferings, he can't realize the people's own strength. Although he hated feudal rule, he couldn't find a way to change reality, and finally he moved heaven to settle the problem, which also reflected the class limitations and historical limitations of the writer. Of course, God was moved by Dou E, which also showed that Dou E was deeply wronged and hated.