Annotation translation
1. This poem is musical. Gexing style is an integral part of ancient Yuefu poetry. Later, from Yuefu to the fusion of ancient poetry, syllables and meter were generally free; There are five words, seven words and miscellaneous words in various forms. Song? Jiang Kui on Baishi's poems: "The style is like a running script, which means doing, feeling and singing." Ming? Hu Zhenheng's Tang Yingui Qian Tifan: Yuefu is a title or a famous song, a famous sentence or a famous line. Song, the general name of Song. Talk about it, sing it. Song is the oldest; Both lines and songs began in the Han Dynasty, and people in the Tang Dynasty did it. "
2. Yanshanzhi, a deleted Dan Mountain, is located five miles south of deleted Dan County in Danzhou. More than a hundred miles from east to west, twenty miles from north to south, and lush water plants.
3. Luo Ji: The name of the mountain is Luo Ji.
4. Yuyang: place name. Yan was in Yuyang County during the Warring States Period and in Yuyang during the Qin and Han Dynasties (now southwest of Miyun County, Beijing). Historical Records Chen She Family: "In July of the second year, nine hundred people left Yuyang and settled in osawa Township." In the first year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (742), Jizhou was changed to Yuyang County to govern Yuyang (now Jixian County, Tianjin). Don? Du Fu's "After the Dike" No.4: "Yu Yang is a land of heroes, boasting Yu Sheng."
5. Distant origin: Distant. Hey? Lu Sidao's poem "Hequ Tour" said: "The chicken tree is dense, and the crane is thick."
6. Three horses drive the same car. Sometimes it also refers to horses on both sides.
7. Jiao: Also called "Jiao". Border.
8. It's a long way to get credit.
9. Dragon Head: Longshan. Put a finger in it.
10. Tian domain: refers to fields in general.
1 1.
12. dry up: also called dry up. Shields and axes. Two ancient weapons. It is also a dance instrument held by martial arts. It refers to sports.
13. Khan: the title of Xiongnu monarch in Han Dynasty.
original text
There is a dark snow-capped mountain in Qinghai, with long white clouds and a lonely city looking at Yumenguan. Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned. translate
Clouds over Qinghai darkened the snow-capped mountains and looked at Yumen Pass. Soldiers beyond the Great Wall have put on helmets and armor in many battles. If they can't capture Loulan City in the west, they will never come back.
Distinguish and appreciate
The first two sentences mentioned three place names. Snow Mountain is Qilian Mountain in the south of Hexi Corridor. Qinghai and Guan Yu are thousands of miles apart, but they appear on the same picture, so these two sentences have various interpretations. Some people say that the first sentence is looking forward, and the next sentence is looking back at home.
This is very strange. Qinghai and Snow Mountain are in front, and Yumenguan is behind. Then the hometown of the lyric hero should be the Western Regions west of Yumenguan, not the Han soldiers, but Hu Bing. On the other hand, the second sentence is an inverted sentence of "Looking at Yumenguan, an isolated city", and the object of looking at it is "the dark snow mountain in Qinghai". There are two misunderstandings here: one is to interpret "looking from afar" as "looking from afar", and the other is to misunderstand the general description of the northwest border region as what the lyric hero sees. The former misunderstanding is due to the latter misunderstanding.
Four or two sentences have changed from the description of the mixed environment of the scene to direct lyricism. "Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles" is a poem with strong generalization. The length of the border defense, the frequency of wars, the hardship of fighting, the toughness of the enemy and the desolation of the border are all summed up in these seven words. "Hundreds of battles" is more abstract, and the word "yellow sand" highlights the characteristics of the northwest battlefield.
People can see the scene of "the ancient battlefield in the sand clouds at dusk": "winning every battle" and "wearing golden armor". It is even more conceivable that the battle is arduous and fierce, and it is also conceivable that there are a series of heroic sacrifices in this long time.