A: Wang Changling, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote the seven-character quatrain "Out of the fortress". What is the full text?
A: The bright moon in the Qin Dynasty was closed in the Han Dynasty, but people didn't return it on the Long March. If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan. Overview of the Works "Out of the Great Wall" is an old topic in Yuefu, and it is also one of the representatives of the seven-character quatrains and frontier poems written by Wang Changling, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The main content is lamenting the constant war on the border and the lack of good generals in the country, which reflects the poet's desire and expectation for the victory of the war and his confidence in the soldiers. The whole poem sings a vigorous and open-minded theme in plain language, with smooth momentum and one go. With vigorous and powerful brushstrokes, the poet made a high artistic summary of the life in the frontier war at that time, and closely combined scenery, narration, lyricism and discussion, casting rich and complex thoughts and feelings in the poem, which made the artistic conception of the poem vigorous and far-reaching, both exciting and intriguing.
The original book is full of things.
[Tang] Wang Changling
It is still the moon and border pass in Qin and Han dynasties, and the enemy has fought a protracted war.
If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan.
Sentence annotation: as long as. Dragon City Flying General refers to the flying general Li Guang of the Han Dynasty. One is Wei Qing. Li Guang (? -Qian 1 19), a native of Tianshui, Gansu Province, was a famous soldier in the Western Han Dynasty in China, and was called "Flying General" by the Huns.
"Dragon City", another name of Tianshui City in Gansu Province, calls Tianshui "Dragon City" because it is the place where Fuxi, the ancestor of mankind, was born. Geography of Hanshu also records that there is Ji Cheng County in Tianshui County, so Tianshui is called "the hometown of Huang Xi". Li Guang is a native of Tianshui, so he is called "Flying General of Dragon City".
Don't teach: don't call, don't let. Teach, let. Huma: refers to foreign cavalry invading the mainland. Degree: Over. Yinshan Mountain: The northern branch of Kunlun Mountain, which starts from the northwest of Hetao and passes through Suiyuan, Chahar and the north of Jehol, is the barrier to the north of China.
1. Literal translation: Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, the moon has shone on the frontier fortress, and the foot soldiers in Wan Li have not been returned. If there is a warrior general like Li Guang soon, he will not let the enemy's iron hoof step over Yinshan Mountain.
2. Rhyme translation: It is still the land of the bright moon in Qin and Han Dynasties. After a long battle, Wan Li won't return her husband. If Li Guang, the flying general of Liuzhou, were still alive today, he would not let the Huns go south to herd horses and spend the Yinshan Mountain.
The creation background of "Chusai" was written by Wang Changling in his early years when he went to the Western Regions, and "Chusai" is an old topic in Yuefu. Wang Changling lived in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. During this period, Tang won many foreign wars and the confidence of the whole nation was extremely strong. In the works of frontier fortress poets, an impassioned upward spirit and strong confidence in defeating the enemy can be reflected. At the same time, frequent border wars also make people feel overwhelmed and long for peace, and "Out of the fortress" reflects people's desire for peace.
Appreciate that this is a frontier poem lamenting the incessant frontier wars and the lack of good generals in the country. In the first sentence, the words "bright moon in Qin dynasty, amorous feelings in Han dynasty" show a magnificent picture: a bright moon shines on the border. The poet only used a lot of sketches without detailed description, but it just showed the vastness of the frontier and the depression of the scenery, rendering a lonely and desolate atmosphere. What is particularly wonderful is that the poet decorated the moon and customs with the words "Qin and Han Dynasties", which made this picture of the moon approaching customs become a painting in time and endowed Wan Li with a long sense of border history. This is a "stroke of genius" produced by the poet's deep thinking about the long-term border war.
The "people who have not returned from the Long March" comes from the "people recruited from the Great Wall have not returned" in Lu Sidao's "Joining the Army" in the Sui Dynasty. Faced with such a scene, the frontier people will naturally think of countless people who have devoted themselves to the frontier since the Qin and Han Dynasties and have not returned to their deaths. It also points out the remoteness of the frontier fortress from the perspective of space. The "people" here not only refer to the soldiers who died in the battlefield, but also refer to the soldiers who are still holding on and cannot return. "People have not returned" means that the border defense is not consolidated, and the second is sympathy for the foot soldiers. These are two sides of the same question, the former is the cause and the latter is the result. This is a big problem that has not been solved from the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty and even the Tang Dynasty. So in the third and fourth sentences, the poet gives the answer.
"Only make the Dragon City fly, and don't teach Huma to cross the shady mountain" originated from the phrase "only make the generals fight hundreds of battles, and don't need the son of heaven to build the Great Wall" in Cui Zhuo's Travels in the Desert in the early Tang Dynasty, but the vocabulary used has changed. It directly expresses the frontier fortress soldiers' desire to consolidate the frontier defense and their ambition to defend the country: as long as there is a famous soldier like Li Guang, the enemy cavalry will not cross the Yinshan Mountain. These two sentences speak for themselves. In other words, due to the improper employment of people by the imperial court, the generals were unqualified, which led to the situation of burning eyebrows and people's livelihood. The "people who have not returned from the Long March" are not only contemporary people, but also tragedies of generations since Qin and Han Dynasties. I hope that there will be "Dragon City Flying Generals" on the border who "don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain", not only people in the Han Dynasty, but also people from generation to generation have the same wish. Ordinary Tragedy and Ordinary Hope both show extraordinary significance because of the appearance of the two time qualifiers "Qin" and "Han" in the first sentence. This poem is high-pitched and magnificent enough to control the whole article.
Although this poem has only four short lines, its content is complicated through the description of frontier fortress scenery and conscription psychology. Have strong sympathy for the soldiers who have been defending for a long time, and have the desire to end this border defense regardless of the situation; At the same time, it also showed dissatisfaction with the court's failure to select and appoint talents, and at the same time paid attention to the overall situation and realized the justice of the war. Therefore, his personal interests are subordinate to the needs of national security, and he issued an oath of "not teaching Huma to turn over the shady mountain", which is full of patriotic passion.
The beauty of poetry, the beauty of poetic language, is often manifested in seemingly ordinary words, or in the fact that seemingly ordinary words are used in the most accurate and critical places. These places often best reflect the poet's superb artistic attainments.
The author introduces Wang Changling (698-757), whose real name is Shao Bo, from Jinyang, Hedong (now Taiyuan, Shanxi) and from Chang 'an, Jingzhao (now xi 'an). A famous frontier poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, later generations praised him as the "Seven Wonders".
Wang Changling was born in a poor family in his early years, and lived mainly by farming. At the age of 30, he became a scholar. First, he served as the secretary of the provincial school book lang, then as a learned and ambitious official, and was demoted to Lingnan for his merits. Wang Changling had deep contacts with Li Bai, Gao Shi, Wang Wei, Wang Zhihuan and Cen Can. At the end of Kaiyuan, he returned to Chang 'an and awarded Jiangning Cheng. The slandered dragon captain. An Shi rebelled and was killed by Lu Qiuxiao, the secretariat. His poems are famous for their four wonders, especially the frontier poems written in northwest frontier fortress before he ascended the first place, which is known as "the poet king Jiangning". Wang Changling's poems are dense and clear, just like Gao Shi and Wang Zhihuan, who are called Wang Jiangning. There are six volumes of anthology, and four volumes of poetry are compiled today. Representative works include Seven Songs of Joining the Army, Out of the Shanzhai, Always in My Heart, etc.