Xijiangyue Xin Qiji
The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches.
The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance.
In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year.
In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to the stream bridge.
To annotate ...
① Huangsha: Huangshaling, in the west of Shangrao, Jiangxi.
② "Bright Moon" sentence: Su Shi's poem "Er Yun Jiang Ying Shu" says: "Bright Moon Surprises Magpie." Other branches: oblique branches.
③ Society: Land Temple. In ancient times, there were community trees in the village, which were sacred places, so they were called community forests.
Translation:
When the bright moon rises, the mountain forest suddenly opens up, which alarmed the mountain magpies and cicadas living in the branches; The breeze blew and sent their cries to Nightcrawler's ears; The fields are filled with the fragrance of rice flowers, and the frogs in the water are constantly chirping; Along the way, you can hear people enjoying the cool talk about this year's harvest.
Dark clouds suddenly appeared, the moonlight disappeared, only a few dim stars were left on the horizon, and the fields became dark; When the poet walked to the front of the mountain, it rained. He knew that the shower was coming and wanted to find a place to hide from the rain. Coincidentally, when he hurried around the stream head, he saw at a glance that the Maodian he had seen before was still next to the forest.
Enjoy 1:
The original title of "Xijiang Moon" is "Huangsha Road at Night", which records the scenery and feelings the author saw when he walked in the countryside at night. After reading the first half, you must feel wonderful in silence. The word "don't" in this sentence is a verb, which means that the moon sets, leaves the branches and wakes up the black magpies on the branches. This sentence is very meticulous realism, and only those who have seen this scene in the middle of the night can understand the beauty of this poem. Black magpies are extremely sensitive to light. They will wake up during the solar eclipse, fly around, cry, and the moon sets. In fact, this sentence means "tears on the moon" (Tang Zhangji's "Sleeping near Fengqiao"), but it is more vivid than "tears on the moon". The key lies in the word "don't", which means that the magpie branches are reluctant to part with the bright moon. Magpies often crow when they are frightened. You can see yourself if you don't crow here. Literally, it can also avoid the accumulation of "cicadas". The phrase "the smell of rice flowers" means that the season is in summer. These two sentences are the most vivid and profound in the whole poem, bringing the lively atmosphere and happy mood in the rural summer night to life. This is a typical environment. Each of these four sentences has a sound (the sound of magpies, cicadas, human voices and frogs), but each sentence also has a quiet night. These two flavors are reflected in Nightcrawler's feelings, and he is in a happy mood. The situation changed a little in the second half of the year. The rare stars in the sky indicate that time has progressed. It is clearly midnight and it is almost dawn. Rain in front of the mountain is a threat to Nightcrawler. This is a smooth wave, and you can imagine Nightcrawler's anxiety. With this wave, the conclusion is even more powerful. "When I turned to the bridge in the old days, I suddenly saw you" is an inverted sentence, which shows the surprise of "suddenly seeing you". I was worried about the rain, so I crossed the bridge. When the road turned, I suddenly saw the thatched shop where she had rested before. The happiness at this time can be compared with the two poems that "there is no way to recover, and there is another village" (Lu You's "Traveling to Shanxi Village"). The original title of the poem is "Huangsha Road at Night". The first six of the first eight sentences are all about scenery, and only the last two sentences show that someone is walking at night. These two sentences played a role in reflecting the whole song, so every sentence was written at night. Hide the front first, hit the nail on the head at the end, and make the finishing touch at the end. This skill is worth learning.
This word has a vivid and concrete atmosphere (usually called scenery), expressing a sense of intimacy and interest (usually referred to as goodwill for short). This whole scene blending is an artistic image. The strength of artistic image lies not in the number of plots used, but in whether those plots are typical and can be used as analogies to extend around and go deep into the deepest part of real life. If we can do this, it will be endless. When we say that China's poetic language is refined, we mean this broad representativeness and rich suggestibility. (Zhu Guangqian)
Appreciation 2:
Huangsha Island is the road under Huangsha Ridge. Huangshaling is located in Gan Yuan Township, Shangrao, Jiangxi Province. The poet has built the Huangshaling Academy here, so Huangshaling is a place frequented by poets.
Ah, the beauty of "night walking" greatly exceeds the beauty of "day walking"!
It's midsummer night. Although there is a "cool breeze coming from Xu", it is still a "cicada singing at night". This place is where cicadas make the forest quiet and Tonamiyama quieter, especially in the middle of the night. Cicada sings like a song, and its tone is high and long, which makes Huangsha Road quiet and immortal and full of vitality.
In fact, the sound of cicadas seems to be caused by the sound of birds singing. "Surprised Magpie" fluttered away, creaking, breaking the silence of the night, causing cicadas to sing, birds calling cicadas to sing, calling for this sound. But why are magpies "shocked"? Wang Wei and Ceng Yun's "A Bird Starts the Mountain in the Moon", birds and magpies rise in Huangsha Road. It turns out that the bright moon is sticking out from Huangshaling, which has never been so high, so the shadow of Huangshaling disappeared and the moonlight was bright. I don't know, the birds and magpies were frightened and flew noisily between the branches.
The sound of surprise birds brings the sound of cicadas, and the sound of cicadas brings the sound of people saying "the rice smells good and the flowers harvest well". Gaga, for a while, group discussion, laughter. Ah, where is the human language? It's just that frogs croak one after another, like a group of people and a street, as if fighting for a good year and celebrating each other. The poet was really intoxicated and devoted himself to "listening to frogs".
Four common words, just write one word: hi!
The summer night is starry and the Milky Way is bright. When I saw "seven or eight stars are in the sky", it was already after midnight, and Xu
Many stars have been hidden in the depths of the blue sky. It seems that these "seven or eight stars" will accompany the poet at night; Wei Yun's secret crossing flew over the poet's head, and Wei Yun's Two or Three Raindrops seemed to be playing with the nocturnal poet. Looking at the distant sky, I can't bear to leave the poet; A careful observation of Piedmont reveals that Shan Yu is just amusing the poet. No more, no less. Too much is a little annoying, but not lonely. It is this "seven or eight points, two or three points" that makes people feel refreshed. The bright moon surprises magpies, and the fields are more interesting; The breeze is humming, far and quiet; Xiang Tao frogs croak with strong local flavor. The poet's eyes trace back to the sky, which is dotted with "seven or eight stars"; The poet's feeling lingers in front of the mountain. This is a picture polished by "two or three drops of rain". The poet was drunk and forgot where his favorite little bridge was on Huangsha Road. Ah, just on the other side of the land temple forest (social forest), that is, the bridge built on the stream by the familiar "Laomaodian"!
On Huangsha Road at night, although there was no notice of pine and bamboo, no crows crushed Qiong Yao. Only the joy of nature and the interest in finding a road that only God knows and others don't know on a quiet night.
Four ordinary words again, but two words were written: surprise!
Appreciation 3:
This word was written by Xin Qiji when he lived in Shangrao Lake. Huangsha, or Huangshaling, is located in the west of Shangrao County, Jiangxi Province, with beautiful scenery. The so-called "Xishan is a painting" (Xin Qiji's "Huangsha Road Partridge"). There is a bookstore near Xin Qiji and he often travels in Huangsha Road. Xin Qiji was a great official in the Southern Song Dynasty, but his bold and open-minded remarks and decisive and capable style, especially his political proposition of resuming the war of resistance, were envied by his colleagues and hit by the highest ruling class. In her eighth year in Song Xiaozong (1 18 1), Xichun was finally impeached and dismissed from office, and returned to her hometown in Daihu, where she lived in seclusion. Xin Qiji has always attached importance to agricultural production and sympathized with the sufferings of the people. During his tenure in Hunan, he played On the Thief Zazi, pleading for the people, detailing the people's "sufferings", pointing out the fact that "officials forced the people to rebel" and loudly calling on the court to "care for Yuan Yuan". Before he left office to live a leisurely life, he once said, "If you are diligent in life, you should give priority to farming." So, in the name of Jiaxuan, he became a Jiaxuan layman. Long-term leisure life in the countryside has brought him closer to the countryside and established deep feelings with farmers, so that everything in the countryside has aroused his great interest. Therefore, he is very concerned about the sufferings of farmers: "The father and the old argue that the rain is even, and his brow is not as wrinkled as last year. Thank you for your efforts, but you are dust. "(Huanxisha) He is also very happy that the weather is good and the people are not hungry. In these rural discourses, Xin Qiji opposed the peaceful and quiet countryside to the dirty "urban dynasty". "Ancient and modern tomb valley, the city often planted mulberry. "("Qingpingle Shang Lu Joe ") He is ostracized in officialdom, but he can get temporary comfort and seek spiritual sustenance in the countryside. Just like his friend Lu You said, "Farmers have fun, and they are no worse than cities" (Farmers in Yuechi County). It is under this complex emotion that Xin Qiji wrote such lively local words as "West River travels at night on Huangsha Road". Only by connecting with the author's life experience and ideological ambition can we appreciate the beauty of these words more deeply.
This song "Xijiang Moon" is a fragment of the author's night tour of Huangsha Road. On a sunny summer night in the south of the Yangtze River, the moonlight was as bright as day. The black magpie perched on the branches of green trees thought that dawn was coming, and jumped up in surprise, jumping from branch to branch, making the branches rustle! When it found something wrong, it stopped on another branch. Xu Lailiang breezes gently, branches swaying gently, and Xia Chan, who was too scared to sleep, sang a song in the middle of the night. On this intoxicating moonlit night, our poet wandered alone on Huangsha Road, listening to cicadas chirping and magpies chirping and smelling the rich fragrance of rice flowers. The sons of the proud water country seem to understand our poet's happy mood very well, so they played a cheerful symphony for him. From the chorus of this frog, our poet heard the news of a bumper harvest. The bright moon, the cool breeze, the surprised magpie, the cicada, the fragrant rice and the frog sound are all refreshing. The poet sees, hears, smells and feels everything. He was completely immersed in the comfort of the summer night in the south of the Yangtze River, and he couldn't help looking at the sky. There were only a few sparse stars hanging in the blue sky. However, "the weather is unpredictable", not to mention the summer weather in Jiangnan! I don't know when, suddenly a few floating clouds came and it rained like a prank. The sudden shower broke the poet's interest and he had to avoid the rain at night. I was in such a hurry that I couldn't take care of myself. When the road turned to Xiqiao, I suddenly looked up. Hey! A familiar Maodian appeared at the edge of the Woods of the Earth Temple. This is simply a beautiful and interesting moonlit map of a mountain village in the south of the Yangtze River in midsummer! Full of poetry and painting, giving people rich enjoyment of beauty.
What artistic means does the author use to express this moonlit picture of a mountain village in the south of the Yangtze River?
First of all, in the choice of intonation, the author chose the poem Xijiang Moon, which is easy to express lively and cheerful feelings. Xijiangyue is a 50-word disyllabic word, with two flat rhymes in the upper and lower lines, and every leaf in the sentence is tired rhyme. The cicada, the year, the front and the edge in the poem Xijiang Moon are all in the rhyme, while the piece and the space at the end of the sentence belong to the same part in the rhyme. In this way, the harmony of the same rhyme can increase the aesthetic feeling of the word, and the two rhymes are arranged on the upper and lower sentences, and the tone is short and abrupt, making the whole word more harmonious and powerful. The number of words in each sentence of Xijiangyue is roughly neat, with six, six, seven and six sentence patterns. The two six words at the beginning of the shovel are easy to be dual. The first two sentences of Xijiang Moon are very stable. What needs to be pointed out here is the interpretation of "Biezhi". As far as I can see, there are roughly three explanations: one is to interpret "farewell" as "leaving", and there are two subtle different explanations here. One is the moonlight "off the branch" and the other is the black magpie "off the branch"; The second is to interpret "other branches" as "oblique branches"; The third is to interpret "another branch" as "another branch". I think the third explanation is better. Because the antithesis of "Bright Moon" is very stable. "Bright Moon" and "Breeze" are both natural landscapes, so it can be said that the breeze and bright moon don't need a penny to buy; "Jing que" is a verb, which is used to "sing cicadas", "Jing" and "Ming", all of which have the meaning of moving. Magpie and cicada are both flying and singing animals. "Biezhi" is a noun for "midnight", "zhi" and "night". "Ban" is an adjective here, and "Biezhi" should also be an adjective. If it is a verb, there is not even "midnight". Besides, the first two sentences of the word are: "Seven or eight stars are in the horizon, two or three points are before the rain", quantifiers are relative to quantifiers, nouns are relative to nouns, and locative words are relative to locative words. The antithesis is very neat. How can you imagine that Xin Qiji, who is proficient in Ci, will have an unpaired phenomenon in the duality of the same word? In fact, the "parting branch" here is the same as the "parting branch" in Fang Gan's poem "Juhao Pavilion" in the Tang Dynasty. Su Shi's poem "Moonlight Begins the Magpie to Rest" (see two poems "Two Rhymes Jiang Yingshu" and "Peony in Hangzhou ……") and Zhou Bangyan's poem "Moonlight Begins the Magpie to Rest" (Diezao Hangzhou) also show that the moon makes the magpie rise but can't decide, and the artistic conception is the same.
Secondly, the author adopts the expression techniques of side contrast and dynamic and static contrast. The bright moon, the cool breeze, the fragrant rice and the fragrant flowers, the starry rain, the Maodian Xiqiao are heartless things, and the surprise cicada frog naturally has no feelings. But the description of these objective scenery can reflect the author's thoughts and feelings. For the author of Huangsha Road at night, everything he saw, heard, smelled, touched and felt was refreshing and inspiring. The center of the whole word is "talking about bumper years", which embodies the happy mood brought by bumper years to the author. The first part of the word focuses on the rendering of "face". One or two sentences are silent, but focus on the description of static environment. The magpies are surprised and cicadas are singing, which shows the silence of the environment more and more. Three or four sentences are mixed with movement, with the focus on movement, frog sound and rice fragrance, all to highlight the word "bumper harvest". Shang Kun's rendering of "noodles" formed a cheerful atmosphere. The second part of the word focuses on the description of "point". The author chose a dramatic close-up on the way at night, just like throwing a stone on a calm lake, which aroused ripples. This funny episode filled the whole word with emotion. The first and third sentences are static, the second and fourth sentences are dynamic, while the "42" sentence pattern in the first and second sentences is brisk and ups and downs, and the words "turn" and "suddenly" in the last sentence make the author's happy mood jump from the page. It rained at night, but it didn't make the author uneasy and disappointed. On the contrary, it increased the poet's interest. Some comrades think that "there are seven or eight stars in the sky" is "the secret of writing clouds". In fact, only seven or eight stars are exposed from the clouds. But judging from the whole word, this explanation lacks emotion. This sentence is in line with the first sentence of the word, and it is the real scene of "the moon stars are rare". Huang Zunxian's poem "Going Early": "The East wants to be bright but not bright, and the Beidou is divided into two stars." That's what I wrote. If the clouds are thick and dense, it will take a long time to brew, and only seven or eight stars can be exposed, so the moon will be dim, so the author must be prepared for rain ideologically, which is not commensurate with the carefree and comfortable state of mind described by Shang Kun. In addition, the author often travels on Huangsha Road and is very familiar with the scenery along the way. If he had been prepared, the word "suddenly" in the sentence would be nowhere to be found. In midsummer, the weather is changeable. Just now, there were few stars in the moon and the breeze was slow. Unexpectedly, a few dark clouds flew in an instant, and then "two or three drops of rain" were scattered. The author was caught off guard and hurried to hide from the rain without thinking. Only when the road turned to the bridge did "Laomaomao" suddenly appear in front of him. The word "suddenly" is very vivid here. So I said it was "rain at night", it was a shower in midsummer. If it is rainy, it will be a bit of a wet blanket, which is not in harmony with the lively mood of the whole word. Lu Yanrang of the Five Dynasties wrote a poem in Song Si: "Two or three pieces of electricity want rain, and seven or eight stars are still in the sky." Don Li Shanfu's poem "Cold Food" also said: "Sometimes it rains at three or two, and there are ten branches and five flowers everywhere." Xin Qiji was obviously influenced by their words and sentences, but it cannot be concluded that "seven stars and eight stars" are caused by "the secret of clouds".
Thirdly, the whole word is clear and flexible, in order to better express lively emotions. Xin Ci is easy to use and discuss, but the author does not use allusions and does not discuss this small word. Instead, I use the method of drawing lines to describe what I have seen, heard and felt truthfully. It is fresh, lively and colorful, which shows the author's love for rural life and makes people feel very cordial and natural to read. It should be said that lyrical little words describing rural scenery like Xin Qiji's "Xijiang Moon" are rare in the whole classical poetry. (Zhang Zhonggang)
Appreciation 4:
This article is the masterpiece of the author when he lived with the lake in Shangrao. It depicts the beautiful scenery of the rural summer night through its own specific feelings in The Yellow Sand Road at Night. The image is vivid, the feeling is cordial and delicate, and the brushwork is light and lively, which makes people feel realistic. This word embodies the diversity of Xin ci style.
In the last movie, we used some familiar words, such as "bright moon" and "breeze". However, when they are combined with "parting surprise magpie" and "cicada singing in the third night", they form a deep artistic conception of paying equal attention to melody and sound, and moving and moving Xian Yi, and people even ignore the plainness and stability of these two sentences. "Moon" and "Surprising Magpie", "Wind" and "Singing Cicada" are not simple things listed, but have internal relations and causal relationships. In the third and fourth sentences, the author grasps the most distinctive things in the countryside on summer nights and further promotes them. Due to the limited visibility at night, the author's feelings are not mainly absorbed by the eyes, but sometimes captured by the olfactory and auditory organs? "Daohuaxiang" says that in good years, you can listen to frogs, which is described from two aspects: smell and hearing. This is the main brain between the lines, and it is the root of the cheerful mood that covers the whole article. Although the last movie was about a sunny night, it was already raining. People who have rich experience in rural life seem to be able to smell and hear the information that a shower is coming from the "fragrance of rice and flowers" and "frog sound".
The next piece of paper turned into writing rain. But not in the rain, but before it. The first sentence is looking from a distance: "There are seven or eight stars in the sky", which means that there are dark clouds everywhere, and sparse starlight can be seen through the clouds. This realm is quite different from the atmosphere in the last movie. The second sentence? There is rain in front of Zhongshan at two or three o'clock ",with the message that showers are coming, shanghai dawn. Since the raindrops have been sprinkled in front of the mountain, they should be sprinkled behind it. The author's mood became a little anxious, so he naturally wanted to hurry up or find a shelter from the rain. The third and fourth sentences describe this kind of psychological activity: "In the old days, Maodian was at the edge of the forest, and the road turned to Xiqiao." Because the author often travels in Huangsha Road, I know that there is a thatched shop next to the Woods, but at this time, because it is night and I am flustered, I suddenly disappeared. However, after crossing the stone bridge on the stream and following a bend, the old acquaintance's maodian suddenly appeared in front of us. How happy it should be!
This word fully embodies the author's joy of harvest and his love for rural life.
The author introduces one:
Xin Qiji (1 140 ~ 1207)
Poets in Southern Song Dynasty. The original word Tanfu was changed to You 'an, alias Jiaxuan layman. The same name as Su Shi, also known as Su Xin. Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong) people. Before the birth of 13, Shandong was occupied by the nomads. In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing (1 16 1), two thousand people joined the northern anti-Jin army and returned to the Southern Song Dynasty the following year. The continuous history of appeasement in Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and eastern Zhejiang. Throughout his life, he insisted on fighting against nomadic people and recovering lost land. Zeng Jin played "Ten Theories on Meiqin", analyzed the situation of the enemy and ourselves, and put forward specific plans for Qiang Bing's rejuvenation; He also went to the Prime Minister's Ninth Meeting to further elaborate the idea of the Tenth Meeting. Has not been adopted and implemented. When serving in various places, he seriously eliminated the accumulated disadvantages, actively prepared for war, was restrained by capitulationists, and even was dismissed. He once lived in Shangrao, Jiangxi for a long time. The great ambition and talent of recovering the motherland were not displayed, and loyalty and resentment created a generation of great poets in the Southern Song Dynasty.
There are 629 existing words, the largest number in the Song Dynasty. With a wide range of themes and diverse styles, generous and tragic patriotic words are its main theme. Among these words, there are Gu Beiting Pavilion in Huaigu Jingkou, Deng Jiankang Pavilion in Water, Fu Zhuang Ci by Chen Tongfu in Breaking the Array, and Jiangxi Zhukou Wall in Bodhisattva Man. The number of words about leisure life is the largest, and these words often show helplessness in leisure, and their spirit is still in line with their patriotic words. Such as (Qinyuanchun) "A new house with a lake will be built", (Water turns around) "Meng Ou" and many other words all contain this emotion. Some words describing rural life are fresh and simple, and the language is simple, such as (Qingpingle) village house, (Partridge Day) drama village house, (Xijiangyue) night trip on Huangsha Road, and (Huanxisha) Changshan Road, all of which are vivid rural customs paintings. There are also love stories in Xin Qiji's poems, such as "falling asleep on a spring night", which is touching. There are 133 poems written by Xin Qiji today, and the content and style are basically the same as his ci. There are 17 pieces of Xin Qiji's works today, most of which are applied words such as recitation and open letters, which can quite show Xin Qiji's ideas and strategies.
There are many versions of Xin Qiji's ci in Song Dynasty, mainly including four volumes and 12 volumes. Formerly known as Jia, the four-volume edition is divided into four episodes: A, B, C and D. The engraved edition of the Song Dynasty no longer exists, and there are two existing editions: The Shadow by Ji Google and The Hundred Poems by famous writers in Tang and Song Dynasties. Volume 12, whose real name is Jia Ji's short sentence, was not circulated in the Song Dynasty, but there are four printed editions that have been circulated so far. 1962, the Shanghai Editorial Institute of Zhonghua Book Company published Deng Guangming's Annotations on the Chronology of Jiaxuan Ci. 1975 school-based version of Jia Ji's Short Sentences published by Shanghai People's Publishing House.