I smell the Dongting water in the evening, and now I finally climb this tower.
There is Wu in the east, Chu in the south, and Gan Kun floats in the sun and the moon.
There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat.
The battle of the north gate began again, and I cried through the railing.
Writing background:
In the winter of the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu drifted all the way from Jiangling and Gongan to Yueyang and boarded the Yueyang Tower, which he had been longing for for for for a long time. Facing the vast and magnificent Dongting Lake, the poet sincerely admired it. Then I feel sad when I think that I am still wandering outside in my later years and the country is troubled. Generally speaking, the grandeur of mountains and rivers is quite different from the grandeur of the poet's mind, so he is sad but not depressed, depressed but not depressed.
The first half of the poem praises the magnificence of Dongting Lake, which is a famous sentence written on Dongting Lake from ancient times to the present, and is read by people together with the famous sentence in Meng Haoran's message from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang. The second half is lyrical. The whole poem is rich in artistic conception and magnificent. Although sad, there is no sense of decadence. Tangzi Xiwenlu: "When you pass Yueyang Tower, you can see Du Zimei's poems, but they are more than 40 words, which are magnificent and far-reaching. They almost compete with Dongting Lake, and the so-called rich people are full of words. " Tiaoxi Yuyuan Conghua quoted Xiqing's poem as saying, "The spectacular Dongting is well known all over the world, because there are many poets and writers in past dynasties ... However, if it weren't for Meng Haoran's" Yun Qi fog came and besieged Yueyang City ",Dongting would be as endless as it is now, with a myriad of weather. Not if you want to read Du Zimei's poems. " There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth.' Shaoling has swallowed many dreams.
Solve the problem:
This five-character poem was written one year before the poet's death, that is, the third year of Tang Daizong Dali (768). At that time, Du Fu drifted from Jiangling and Gongan to Yuezhou (now Hunan). Boarding the long-awaited Yueyang Tower, overlooking from the porch, facing the vast and magnificent Dongting Lake, the poet sincerely admired; Then I thought that I was wandering in my later years, and the country was full of disasters. I couldn't help feeling a lot, so I wrote this famous article with lofty mind and great pain. Yueyang Tower is the west gate of Yueyang City, Hunan Province, and one of the three famous buildings in China (the other two are Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang), from which you can see the vast scenery of Dongting Lake. In the fourth year of Tang Kaiyuan, Zhang Shuo, secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, worked in this state and often went to the building with talented people to compose poems, which made it famous and became a world-famous cultural building.
Translation:
I heard that Dongting Lake is magnificent before, but today's wish has finally reached Yueyang Tower.
I heard that Dongting Lake is famous for its vast water potential. Now I'm on the Yueyang Tower by the lake, pitching the country. The first couplet uses the words "past" and "present" to start thinking, which opens the curtain of time and lays the foundation for the great momentum of the whole poem. When Du Fu was young, he had the ambition to visit famous mountains and rivers. He traveled to wuyue in the east and Zhao in the north. Yueyang Tower is a historical site, and the poet has long dreamed of a complete tour, but the war is frequent and his life experience is wandering, which is difficult to achieve. Only by living here today can I feast my eyes.
The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water.
I saw that Wu Chu was divided into the southeast by a huge lake; On the vast lake, the earth floats day and night. Zhuan Xu wrote about the boundless majestic momentum, broad artistic conception and magnificent scenery of Dongting Lake. The word "floating day and floating night" is deep and full of feelings in the scenery, implying his long-term wandering feelings. Liu Chenweng in the Song Dynasty said that this couplet "has a hundred generations of pressure and is a unique expression of five characters". "Wu Chu", the Kingdom of Wu and the State of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Today, parts of Hubei, Hunan, Anhui and Jiangxi belong to the State of Chu. Today, parts of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi belonged to Wu in ancient times. Hey, Split.
There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat.
My friends and relatives have never sent me a word. I am old and ill, and I only live in a small boat. The poet of the Necklace League is old and sick, taking the boat as his home, far away from relatives and friends, and living abroad. His desolation, grief and resentment are self-evident. "Old disease", Du Fu is 57 years old, and his family lives in a boat and wanders around. At this time, he was weak-his right arm was shriveled, his ears were deaf, and he also suffered from chronic lung disease.
The battle of the north gate began again, and I cried through the railing.
Standing on Yueyang Tower, overlooking the north of Guanshan, it is still a mess and war. Leaning against the window porch, thinking about my motherland, I couldn't help crying. Poets link personal destiny with the future of the country in couplets, which have far-reaching artistic conception and endless aftertaste. "Military horse", military forces, here refers to the war. In the autumn of the third year of Dali (768), Tubo invaded Lingwu and the capital was under martial law; The court ordered Guo Ziyi to lead 50,000 troops to Fengtian to prepare for Tubo.
I have heard of the world-famous Dongting Lake, and today I was lucky enough to climb Yueyang Tower by the lake.
The image of the Great Lakes separates the southeast of Wu Chu, and the image of heaven and earth floats on the lake day and night.
Wandering relatives and friends don't say a word, and the old and weak live in this lonely boat.
North of Guanshan, the war has not stopped. I look at my home country from the window and exchange tears.
Brief analysis
In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu went out of the gorge to roam the two lakes, and wandered in Jiangling, Gongan and other places because of the mutiny. This poem is about climbing Yueyang Tower and looking at my hometown. The poet wrote that the extraordinary momentum of Wang Yang in Dongting is a touching work. I heard that Dongting was famous. However, it was not until my old age that I realized my wish to see that famous lake. On the surface, climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time was quite enjoyable. In fact, my original intention was to express my unfulfilled ambition in my early days. Couplets are the vastness of Dongting. Sanlian wrote about the bumpy political life, wandering around the world and the feeling of incompetence. At the end of the couplet, I wrote that I saw the country's turmoil and there was no way to serve the country. Although the scenery is only two sentences, it shows exquisite skills. Although the lyrics are desolate and lonely, they are naturally effortless. The rhyme of the whole poem is accurate, and it is set off before and after, which is seamless.
Summary:
The whole poem is "Climbing Yueyang Tower", but it is not limited to "Yueyang Tower" and "Dongting Water". The poet abandons the exquisite description of the scenery in front of him, and focuses on writing from the big picture, swallowing the world, worrying about the country and the people, tragic and desolate, which makes people cry. Looking back in time, it covers Wu Chu and Yueguan Mountain in space. The worries of the world and the country are vast and boundless, and they are integrated with the water potential in Dongting, forming a profound artistic conception.