The handout of "The Old Man and the Sea" published by People's Education Publishing House.
First of all, talk about textbooks.
1 "The Old Man and the Sea" is a self-reading text in Unit 1 of Compulsory 3, a standard experimental textbook for senior high schools. By successfully shaping the image of Santiago, this paper praises the indomitable and fearless heroism of human beings in the mysterious nature. The Old Man and the Sea focuses on thinking about life. Both the story and the characters are full of symbolic meanings, and more modernist expressions are used in art, such as Santiago. On the surface, he is just an unlucky fisherman, but in the symbolic level of his works, he is a tough guy who never gives up, a symbol of the spirit of human beings conquering themselves and never giving in to fate.
This unit is the first novel unit in senior high school. There are two novel units in the current high school Chinese textbook: one is compulsory 3 and the other is compulsory 5. It can be seen that this unit occupies a very important position in the whole novel teaching in senior high school. It is not only the welding point of junior high school novel learning, but also the extension point of the whole senior high school novel learning knowledge and skills.
2. Analysis of students' situation
First of all, I want to affirm that compared with prose, poetry and drama, students' interest in novels is relatively high, but few students can dig deep into the hidden meaning of novels and think about life. Therefore, I want to take The Old Man and the Sea as an example, trying to guide students to learn to dig out the extension and connotation beyond the novel story!
Secondly, the story of The Old Man and the Sea is not complicated, even extremely short. In particular, the monologue of the protagonist in the selected text always makes students feel bored and can't read it. Students have an attitude of keeping a respectful distance from others.
Combine the position and function of teaching materials and the teaching focus of this unit? Learn to appreciate characters and taste novel language? According to the new curriculum standard? Knowledge, communication and feeling? Three dimensions, I will set the teaching objectives of this course as follows:
1. Guide students to read quickly, grasp the main content of the novel, and then carefully read the key paragraphs and the inner monologues of the characters, trying to figure out the language and writing characteristics of the novel.
2. Combining the experience and language of the characters in the text, analyze and think about the philosophy and symbolic significance of this article.
3. Feel the hero's spirit of fighting with courage, perseverance and wisdom in a difficult environment and not giving in to fate. Then according to my teaching goal, I set the following teaching difficulties.
Teaching focus:
1. Guide students to read key paragraphs and characters' inner monologues carefully and try to figure out the language and writing characteristics of the novel.
2. Cultivate the spirit of not giving in to fate, and strive in a difficult environment with courage, perseverance and wisdom. Teaching difficulties:
Combined with the experience and language of the characters in the article, this paper analyzes and tries to make clear the philosophical and symbolic significance of this article.
Class schedule: 1 class hour
Second, talk about teaching methods and learning methods.
Teaching methods:
1. Reading instruction method. Through the materials collected and arranged by teachers before class, they are displayed to students by using multimedia and other teaching tools, so that students can be interested before entering the text.
2. Read aloud. A very important feature that distinguishes Chinese Classroom from other classrooms is that it is analyzed from the sense of language through repeated reading. In class, according to? Phonetic reading, intentional reading, emotional reading and aesthetic reading? Cultivate students' reading habits and examine the ideological content of articles in reading.
3. Discussion method. In class, throw a few valuable questions in time to stimulate students' thinking. Besides, we can have a deeper understanding of the characters' personalities.
Studying law:
1. Cultivate students' sense of rhythm by reading key paragraphs.
2. Cultivate students' interest through in-class reading learning and extend the classroom to after-class reading. So as to form the habit of conscious learning.
teaching process
First, import
The hero who cooked wine in his childhood has ambition, a good plan, the opportunity to hide the universe and the ambition to breathe the world. Li Pai, a Taiwan Province writer, once said: I am thinking that when a person lacks something in his bones, he will naturally think of Hemingway. The Swedish Nobel Committee commented that courage is Hemingway's central theme.
The Old Man and the Sea is about an old man, but it shows a world.
Two. Brief introduction of the author
Third, check the preview.
Fourth, the text interpretation:
Analyze the plot of the novel:
1. What is the main plot of the selected text?
2. How many times has the scene of the old man fighting with the shark appeared? What impressed you the most?
The excerpt is the scene of the old man fighting with the shark, accounting for about one-sixth of the book. It focuses on the five rounds of the struggle between the old man and the shark. Read the article and fill in the following table, from two aspects: shark and marlin.
.
Contrast? Under what circumstances did the old man fight with sharks one after another? Why does the novel describe the ferocity of sharks?
Old man: shark:
Old, weak and exhausted.
Dizziness, right hand injury, crowds of people
The left hand cramp is not as fierce and tough as food.
Lack of weapons and isolation
3. Briefly summarize the personality characteristics of the elderly.
Dialing method:
1. Mark the old man's inner monologue and read it repeatedly.
2. Compare the similarities and differences between Chinese and western novels in describing people's psychology.
What personality traits does Santiago show in the plot?
1, he prepared the harpoon, tied it with a rope, and watched the shark swim forward without blinking.
Clear goals, calm and calm.
2. He thought: This may be a dream. I can't stop it from hurting me, but maybe I can catch him.
be sure of oneself
3、? Forget it, old man. ? He turned on his voice again and said? Let's sail on this route and take responsibility for something. dare to take a responsibility
4、? Isn't a person born to be defeated? You can destroy him, but you cannot defeat him. ? Sprinkle salt on the battlefield
5. Think of something happy, old man? He said,? Minute by minute, we are getting closer and closer to home. With 40 pounds of fish lost, the boat walked more briskly. ?
Optimistic and positive
6. The old man let it bite the dead fish first, and then plunged the knife tied to the paddle into its brain.
The old man let go of the sail rope and let the boat swing to one side, so that the shark came out of the boat. resourceful
7、? Ah! ? The old man said? Star shark, come on, star shark. ?
Be brave, calm and fearless.
8、? Fight them? He said? I will fight them to the death. ?
willpower
9. He pulled the tiller off the rudder, hit it with the rudder, cut it, hugged it with his hands, and cut it down again and again, but they had jumped to the bow to bite the dead fish, one after another, and suddenly swarmed. When they turned around again, they tore off the glittering fish under the water.
Never give up courage and persistence.
2. What are the characteristics of the psychological change process and results in San Diego? Please find some sentences describing psychology with positive or negative factors in this part.
Negative and positive go hand in hand and eventually move towards positive.
Synopsis: Is this a thrilling tragedy in which human beings struggle against nature? Every time the old man wins a little, he has to pay a heavy price and finally get nothing. Was he defeated? You saw it? The dignity of the human soul? have you finished?
Fourth, expand the inquiry:
1. How to understand the struggle between the elderly and sharks?
In the novel, the sea and sharks symbolize the power of society and nature to people, and the old man shows unparalleled strength and courage in their desperate struggle, and is a defender? The dignity of the human soul? A man is a successful loser and a failed hero. The life value of the elderly has been fully reflected in the pursuit of marlin and the struggle with the sea and sharks. It can be said that such an image perfectly embodies what the author said. You can destroy him as much as you can, but you can't beat him The idea.
This is the hero's inner monologue and the core spirit of the novel. Hemingway shouted a man's declaration with the help of Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea: people are not born to be defeated. You can destroy him at will, but you can't beat him. It vividly reveals Santiago's inner world and life pursuit, and also reflects Hemingway's thoughts and values. The meaning of this sentence is that the mission of life is to struggle and make unremitting struggle with fate.
Although people are born with all kinds of natural and social challenges, perhaps these challenges are strong enough to destroy people's bodies, as long as a person maintains a strong fighting spirit and the spirit of never giving in to any difficulties and obstacles, he will always be a winner.
Although Santiago, the old fisherman in the novel, failed to save the marlin in the end, he showed unparalleled strength and courage in the process of fighting the shark, without losing human dignity, and was a spiritual winner.
Tough guy image: in? Weapons? The old man fought bravely with his courage, perseverance and wisdom when he was humble and helpless and attacked by sharks in turn. In him, we can see an indomitable, strong and unyielding,
Facing violence and death? Tough guy? Character.
2. What inspiration did you get from him? If one day bad luck arrival, I
3. Thinking: The extensive use of psychological descriptions in The Old Man and the Sea is Hemingway's unique language style. Please analyze what role these descriptions have played in the authenticity, structural arrangement, characters and theme expression of the novel.
Authenticity: It conforms to the monotonous fact that a person fishes at sea.
Structure: The storylines are connected in series and play a clue role in the novel.
Characters: It shows the rich spiritual world and diverse personality characteristics of the characters. Are both heroes? Tough guy? There is a brave and determined side, but it is often accompanied by loneliness and despair.
Theme expression: actively overcoming the negative psychological process explains the theme of the novel-people are not born for failure, and one can be eliminated, but not defeated.
4. What are the characteristics of monologues in the text? What role does it play in the text?
Obviously, this paper not only describes the scene of the old fisherman Santiago fighting with sharks, but also a large number of inner monologues of characters, faithfully records Santiago's inner activities, writes out his mental journey of drifting at sea these days, and truly reproduces the old man's thoughts and feelings through free association.
These inner monologues not only profoundly reveal the hero's inner pride, perseverance and loneliness of seeking help, but also shine with profound and rich philosophical brilliance, enrich the novel's ideas and form its important characteristics.
Who are the tough guys in Hemingway's early novels? Stupid bull? Santiago, an old fisherman, has few words, lack of thoughts, rich inner world and strong rationality. He is a man who controls his actions with thoughts, so he has become one of the most successful characters portrayed in For Who the Bell Tolls.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) extends thinking.
1, comparison of soul of china molding masters:
Hemingway
Tough, tenacious, self-respecting and self-reliant, a tough guy with pioneering spirit.
Absorb advantages and influence people.
Do it unintentionally
Lu Xun
A cowardly, humble, closed, conservative and ignorant coward.
Painting defects, transforming people.