In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi was a scholar. Song Shenzong worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to be the permanent assistant ambassador of Huangzhou because of Wutai poetry case.
After Song Zhezong acceded to the throne, he was known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. In his later years, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou because of the ruling of the New Party. Song Huizong was granted amnesty and returned to the north, where he died. Song Gaozong posthumously awarded a surname, posthumous title "article".
Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. His writing is arbitrary; His poems are broad in subject matter, fresh and healthy, good at exaggeration and metaphor, and unique in style. He is also called "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. His words are bold and unconstrained, and they are both bold and unconstrained representatives with Xin Qiji, and they are also called "Su Xin".
His prose creation is rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, and he is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi is also good at books and is one of the "Song Sijia"; He is good at painting, especially at ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood. There are seven episodes of Dongpo, Yi Zhuan of Dongpo and Yuefu of Dongpo.
Su Shi has high attainments in literature and poetry, and can be called the representative of the highest literary achievement in Song Dynasty. Moreover, Su Shi's creative activities are not limited to literature. He has made outstanding achievements in calligraphy, painting and other fields, and also made contributions in medicine, cooking, water conservancy and other skills. Su Shi is a typical representative of the cultural spirit in Song Dynasty.
Judging from the scope of literary history, Su Shi's significance mainly has two points: First, Su Shi's attitude towards life has become a paradigm respected by later scholars: advancing and retreating freely and being humiliated. Because Su Shi integrated the two attitudes of feudal scholars on the same value scale, he was able to keep calm and go all out.
Of course, this paradigm is more suitable for scholars who have suffered from ups and downs, and it can lead to a life of integrity and abundance, which is exactly what scholars in the past dynasties after the Song Dynasty hoped to do. Secondly, Su Shi's aesthetic attitude provides an enlightening aesthetic paradigm for later generations. He embraces the world with a broad aesthetic vision, so everything is considerable and beauty is everywhere.
This paradigm has opened up a new world for future generations in subject matter, content and expression. Therefore, it is a historical necessity that Su Shi is universally loved by later literati.
Su Shi enjoyed a high reputation in the literary world at that time. He inherited Ouyang Xiu's spirit and attached great importance to discovering and cultivating literary talents. At that time, there were many young writers around him, such as Huang Tingjian, Chao and Qin Guan, who were collectively called "Four Bachelor's degree in Sumen". Together with Chen Shidao and Li Zhi, they are called "Six Gentlemen of Sumen".
In addition, Li, Li Zhiyi, Tang Geng, Zhang Shunmin, Kong, He Zhu and others were also directly or indirectly influenced by Su Shi. Su Shi's achievements include all kinds of literary styles, and his own creation has no fixed norms to follow, so Su Men writers present different faces in their creation.
Huang Tingjian is good at poetry, Qin Guan is good at ci, Li Zhi is good at classical Chinese, and Zhang and Chao are good at poetry. At the same time, their artistic styles also have their own personalities. For example, Huang's poems are innovative, Chen's poems are simple, and their styles are not good. Later, Huang and Chen also opened another school.
Extended data:
Anecdotal allusions
Dao Tong Meng
When Su Shi and Su Zhe were teenagers, they studied in Tianqingguan, Meixian County, Sichuan Province. Their first teacher was Taoist Zhang. ? [52]? At that time, Zhang had hundreds of students, Su Shi was one of Zhang Daochang's favorite students, and the other was Chen Taichu, a famous Taoist who was later included in Xian Jian.
According to Dongpo's Zhi Lin, when Su Shi was relegated to Huangzhou, his old classmate Chen Taichu died in Hanzhong.
Because Su Shi was enlightened by Taoism since childhood, he had a special liking for Taoism all his life. He often wears Taoist robes and visits Taoist priests. For example, He Ting Ji praised Taoist Zhang Tianji, while Poems on the Back of Red Cliff ended with Taoist sleeping. When he was demoted, he still wrote articles for many Taoist temples and temples, so there were many beautiful articles, such as Biography of Gemiaotang, Biography of Guanmiaotang and Biography of Zhuangzi Ancestral Temple.
In Miao Tang Ji, he tells the story of meeting his primary school teacher Zhang in his dream and being deeply taught by him, which shows the profound influence of Taoism on him.
Su Shi's younger brother Su Zhe said at the beginning of "A Brief History of Longchuan" that he dreamed of the concept of primary school reading. In his dream, Su Zhe revealed a little-known phenomenon of heaven retribution through his dialogue with Lao Zi: if you don't kill anything, you can live a long life.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Su Shi