Gong Zizhen is the first person to open the atmosphere. Gong zizhen (1792 ~ 184 1) was the earliest advanced thinker who called for reform in modern times. His poems, with their advanced ideas, vertical and horizontal discussions and emotional expression, effectively broke the tendency of poetry circles to be divorced from reality since the middle of Qing Dynasty, and his poetic style was also famous for its grandeur, which was enough to correct the decadent wind. For example, he warmly called for the arrival of a new trend of thought: "Kyushu is furious, and thousands of miles learn from horses." I advise God to regain his vitality and drop talents, not sticking to one pattern (Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems). These "curse words" can not but shake people's doubts about the old system, shake the hearts of a generation of progressive intellectuals, and inject new life into the later ideological and literary circles.
With the development of bourgeois reform trend of thought, "poetry revolution" has also become an organic part of it. The initiators were Huang Zunxian and Liang Qichao. Huang Zunxian (1848 ~ 1905) was the first person who opened the way for the "revolution in poetry" in theory and creative practice. Huang Zunxian advocated "I write by hand" (Miscellaneous Feeling) and "There is something outside the poem, but there is someone in the poem" (Preface to Poetry). At the same time, it advocates learning from the excellent traditions of the ancients and carrying out reform and innovation, thus creating a new style poem that is "unprecedented". His creation has indeed reached the realm of "incorporating new artistic conception with the old style" and "integrating new ideals into the old style". For example, In "Parting Today", new things such as ships, trains, telegrams and photos are written into poetry; "Feng Jiangjun Song" and other works about Sino-French and Sino-Japanese wars; "Mourning for Lushun" and others write about losing power and humiliating the country; Military songs, etc It greatly inspired the morale of resisting the enemy and saving the country, and it is worthy of being an "epic" and "new poem".
Huangzunxian statue
Liang Qichao, with his lofty reputation, vigorously advocated the "revolution in poetry", and his poems dared to break the traditional form and express freely, which had a certain positive impact on the emergence of new vernacular poems. After that, although there were "Tongguang" poets Chen, Chen and Chen, who made great efforts to express the Song poetry and Zhang's poems of the Six Dynasties, they tried their best to make a final effort with the old style in the development of the new poetry school, but the general trend had gone and the impact was minimal.