First of all, we should understand poetry and try our best to grasp the content, theme and emotional tendency of the work as a whole. Of course, we should start with the text symbols of the poem, work hard on the text and chew it repeatedly, but some suggestive information, such as title, author, comments, etc., can not be ignored.
Titles often contain a lot of information, such as time, place, people, ideological content, emotional tendency, poetry type and so on. It is helpful to grasp the content of poetry and understand the theme; The author can reveal the background of poetry and the ideological tendency of creation. Annotations are often explanations of key words and background of the times, which can help readers better understand the works. When appreciating, we must pay enough attention to these auxiliary things.
Second, reasonably imagine and perceive artistic conception.
The key to appreciating ancient poetry lies in accurately grasping the artistic conception. The so-called artistic conception is the artistic realm of combining the poet's subjective feelings with the pictures described in the poem, blending the scene and the scene, and having both form and spirit. To taste the artistic conception of poetry is inseparable from imagination. To appreciate poetry, we should grasp specific images, mobilize our own life experience, and expand reasonable association and imagination to supplement, expand and enrich the artistic conception of poetry.
Third, recite and read carefully and taste the language.
Poetry is expensive and implicit. Because poetry should contain rich meanings in a small space, compared with the language of other literary works, the language of poetry is more lyrical, implicit, refined and jumping. Poetry appreciation, if you don't understand the language meaning of poetry, it is difficult to grasp the author's emotion. Taste language can start from the following aspects:
First, taste the key words. Verbs, modifiers, reduplicated words, words expressing colors, etc. They are all the objects to pay attention to, and special attention should be paid to words that have changed their parts of speech. Poets often change the part of speech of some words to refine their words and meanings. These places are often "poetic eyes" or "poetic eyes".
Secondly, taste the changed sentence patterns. Poetry, out of the need of metrical rules, leaves readers room for artistic imagination, which not only changes the part of speech, but also often reverses the word order and omits sentence components. To taste the language, we need to restore these poems and grasp the poetry. For example, "The fragrant rice pecks at the parrot, and the old phoenix perches on the green tree" (Du Fu's Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity) is actually the other way around, and the normal word order should be "The parrot pecks at the fragrant rice, and the phoenix perches on the old phoenix". The purpose of inversion is only to emphasize "fragrant rice" and "green trees", and to reflect the prosperity of meteorology through the plump rice grains and the lush branches and leaves of trees.
Third, taste rhetorical skills. Understanding the rhetorical devices and concrete images it refers to and grasping the expressive effect will help to correctly grasp the profound connotation of the poem. For example, in the college entrance examination in 2005, Zhejiang Volume 16, entitled "Lotus is still worried about the heat at dusk, and its lower face hides a blue umbrella" (Yang Wanli's "Visiting the Lotus Pond at dusk"), uses anthropomorphic techniques to write that the lotus is blown by the west wind and hides in the lotus leaves, which seems to be a shy state of "worrying about the heat" and shows the poet's love and joy.
Fourth, identify techniques and appreciate beauty.
Classical poetry often expresses itself artistically by using various expressive techniques. Appreciation of poetry should also focus on the whole, based on the theme, and appreciate the beauty of the use of expression skills.