Pavilion Night
It's a cold night in while winter daylight shortens in the elemental scale.
stark sounds the fifth-watch with a challenge of drum and bugle, the stars and the River of Heaven pulse over the three mountains.
I hear women in the distance, wailing after the battle, I see barbarian fishermen and woodcutters in the dawn. (one thousand works: several)
sleeping-Dragon, Plunging-Horse, are no generals nowthey are dust, hush for a moment, O tumult of the world.. (Book One: Yiyi)
Translation
At the end of the year, the days are getting shorter and shorter. In the cold winter night when the frost and snow in Kuizhou stopped, the snow light shines as bright as day.
At dawn, the sound of drums and horns in the barracks is even more tragic and desolate. The Milky Way is reflected on the river, swaying in the turbulent river.
When the news of the war came, thousands of families cried all over the fields. From time to time, the fisherman and woodcutter heard the sound of "foreign songs" in the middle of the night.
Historical figures like Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu eventually became skeletons in the loess; Personnel and audio books can only be left alone.
Note
Yin and Yang: refer to the sun and moon. Short scenery: refers to the short days in winter. Scene: through "shadow" and sunlight.
ⅷ (j ⅷ): The snow stopped.
Beating the drums in the fifth watch: Before dawn, the local garrison has started to move.
Three Gorges: Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge. Xinghe: The Milky Way refers to the stars in the sky.
crying in the wild: the news of the war came, and the cries of thousands of families resounded through the fields. Battle: the rebellion of Cui Yan.
Yi songs: refer to the ballads of ethnic minorities in Sichuan. Yi refers to the local ethnic minorities.
Wolong refers to Zhuge Liang. Biography of Zhuge Liang, Shu Shu: "Xu Shu ... said that the late master said,' Zhu Gekongming is also Wolong.' ”。 Prancing horse: Gongsun Shu. The word zi yang, help the wind. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, there was great chaos in the world. He relied on the danger of Shu to stand on his own feet as the son of heaven, nicknamed "Bai Di". Here, the meaning of "Gongsun pranced and proclaimed himself emperor" in Zuo Si's Shu Du Fu in Jin Dynasty is used. Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu both have temples in Kuizhou, so they are mentioned in the poem. This sentence means that wise men and fools will eventually become loess.
personnel: refers to making friends.
audio book: refers to the comfort between relatives and friends. Man: in vain, in vain.
Appreciation
Du Fuliu lives in a secluded mountain city. Facing the magnificent night view of the Xiajiang River, he heard the solemn and stirring sound of drums and horns, so he was filled with emotion. He thought of the war in the country from the scene in front of him, his own situation from historical figures, and tried to surpass these feelings of life in his heart. Therefore, he wrote this poem. Although there is sadness in the poem, there are also strong feelings and detachment.
start with two periods to indicate the time. The end of the year refers to winter; Yin and Yang refer to the sun and the moon; Short scenery refers to the short days in winter. The word "urge" vividly shows that the nights are long and the days are short, which makes people feel that time flies and the years are pressing. The second sentence, Tianya, refers to Kuizhou, but also means to be reduced to Tianya. In the cold winter night when the frost and snow just stopped, the snow is bright as day, and the poet can't help but be deeply touched by the bleak night scene.
The sentence of "Five Watches" is a continuation of the sentence of "Cold Night", which describes what I heard and saw in the night. Drum horn in the previous sentence refers to the drums and trumpets used in the ancient army to tell the time and give orders. In the clear night sky, the sound of drums and horns is particularly loud. It is the dawn of the fifth watch, and the poet is sad and sleepless. The sound is even more tragic and touching. This shows from the side that Kuizhou area is not peaceful, and the army has been stepping up its activities before dawn. The poet uses the word "drum horn" to point out, and then combines it with words such as "five watches" and "solemn and stirring sound", and the atmosphere of constant fighting and frequent wars is naturally conveyed. The next sentence says that after the rain, the sky is clean, and the Milky Way in the sky is particularly clear. The stars are uneven, reflecting the Xiajiang River, and the stars are swaying in the rushing river. The scenery is beautiful enough. The predecessors praised this couplet as "magnificent". Its beauty lies in: through the dialogue, the poet vividly shows his deep concern for the current situation and appreciation of the beautiful scenery of the Three Gorges at night. The poetic momentum is desolate and broad, the tone is sonorous and pleasing, and the words are beautiful and dazzling. "Wei Li" deeply contains the poet's tragic and deep feelings.
the sentence "crying in the wild" was written before dawn. As soon as I heard about the war, it immediately caused thousands of people to wail, and the crying spread all over the fields, and the scene was miserable. Yi songs refer to the ballads of ethnic minorities in Sichuan. Kuizhou is a place where ethnic groups live together. Du Fu lived here, and the fisherman and woodcutter heard the sound of "foreign songs" from time to time in the middle of the night. "Several places" means more than one place. These two sentences depict the typical environment of remote Kuizhou very truly: "Wild crying" and "exotic songs", one with a sense of the times and the other with locality. For this great poet who cares about the country and the people, both of these voices make him feel sad.
In the sentence "Wolong", the poet looks at Wuhou Temple in the western suburbs of Kuizhou and Baidi Temple in the southeast, which leads to infinite emotion. Wolong refers to Zhuge Liang. The phrase "Gongsun pranced and proclaimed himself emperor" in Zuo Si's Shu Du Fu means that Gongsun Shu proclaimed himself emperor by taking advantage of chaos at the end of the Western Han Dynasty. Du Fu once chanted to him many times: "What's the point of jumping on a horse when Gong Sunchu is in danger?" ("Baidicheng") "Where is the courage? That year was also strong! " ("Two Songs of Going to Baidicheng"). The heroes of the world have all become skeletons in the loess. At the end of the sentence, personnel and audio books have to be left alone now. The last two sentences reveal the poet's extremely worried, angry and sentimental mood. Shen Deqian in the Qing Dynasty said: "If you say that you are both wise and foolish, then the current personnel and distant books will be lonely." Historical figures like Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu, whether wise or stupid, all died together. In real life, the people are dying every day because of garrison and slaughter. This loneliness in front of the author is nothing at all. This seemingly self-deprecating remark actually fully reflects the poet's emotional contradictions and distress. "let wise and hopeful men harbour no complaint, the greater the timber, the tougher it is to use!" ("Cooper's Travel") "Heroes have a long career, and they have a long history." ("Two Poems on the Upper Baidi City") These poems just convey some unfinished meanings in the poem. Predecessors thought that this poem was insightful, because it was "between the words and the words, and there was infinite thinking in sadness".
This poem has always been regarded as a typical work in Du Fu's regular poems. Around the topic, the poet described what he saw, heard and felt when he stayed at the West Pavilion from several important aspects, from the cold night and the snowy night to the five-watch drum horn, from the starry sky to the red waves on the river, from the mountains and rivers to the war and personnel, and from the current reality to the Millennium. The weather is vast, and there are heavens and the earth, pitching the ancient and modern. In Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin praised this poem: "The weather dominates the universe, and the law is subtle", and said that it is the "ancestor of the seven-character rhyme", which is very reasonable.
Creation background
This poem was written in the winter of 766 AD (the first year of Dali) when Du Fu lived in Xige, Kuizhou. At that time, give warlords scuffle, year after year, Tubo also constantly invaded Shu. Du Fu's friends Li Bai, Yanwu and Gao Shi all died successively. Feeling nostalgic, he wrote this poem.
Du Fu
Du Fu (712-77), with a beautiful word, was called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. He was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province) and was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu was honored as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems were called "history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Li Du" together, and in order to distinguish them from the other two poets, Li Shangyin and Du Mu, namely "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Great Li Du". He is concerned about the country and the people, and his personality is noble. About 1,4 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, which is highly respected in China's classical poems and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766, and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang in later generations.