Author: Mao Zedong
Inscription name: Qin
Title: Snow
Writing time:1Feb. 936
Writing background 1935 10 In October, the main force of the Central Red Army arrived in Shaanxi and Gansu, winning a total victory and regaining its foothold. However, the external environment and internal conditions of the Shaanxi-Gansu base area are facing a very severe situation. 165438+ 10. On 3 October, a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau was held in Xiasiwan, Ganquan County to listen to the reports of Guo Hongtao, Deputy Secretary of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, and Nie, Chairman of the Northwest Military Commission.
On the same day, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held a meeting to focus on the deployment of current military operations. Meeting decision; Mao Zedong is responsible for military work; The Northwest Revolutionary Military Commission was established, with Mao Zedong as chairman and Peng as vice chairman.
According to the decision of the Politburo meeting, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China leaders were temporarily divided into two ways: Zhang Wentian, Bo Gu, Wang Jiaxiang and Liu Shaoqi led the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to Wayaobao behind the Shaanxi-Gansu base; , Peng, led the red army to the front, ready to smash the Kuomintang army's third "encirclement and suppression" of the Shaanxi-Gansu base area.
At this time, Chiang Kai-shek already knew the news that the Central Red Army joined forces with the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Army, readjusted the deployment, and mobilized five divisions of the Northeast Army to organize new attacks: in the west, four divisions of the 57th Army marched from Longdong along the Hulu River to the east of Shaanxi County; To the east, the 67th Army 1 17 Division went north along Luochuan and Ganxian Avenue in an attempt to encircle the area west of Luohe and north of Hulu River and destroy the Shaanxi-Gansu revolutionary base area.
The situation is very critical, but Mao Zedong is still in command. He, Peng and Peng decided to concentrate their forces and fight south. First, a annihilation war was fought in Zhiluo Town, Ganxian County, and one or two enemy divisions advancing along the east side of Hulu River were wiped out. Then mobilize troops according to the situation and destroy the enemy in order to break this "encirclement and suppression".
Zhiluo Town is a small town with no more than 100 households, surrounded by mountains on three sides, with a road passing through the town in the west and a small river in the north. After seeing it, the cadres said excitedly, "The terrain in this area is so beneficial to us!" "As soon as the enemy entered Zhiluo Town, it was like getting into a pocket."
165438+1October 18. In Dongcun, east of Zhiluo Town, Mao Zedong presided over a meeting of the Northwest Military Commission to report the strategic deployment. It is pointed out that it is a trinity task to wipe out a large number of enemies, violently expand the Red Army and expand the Soviet area. The strategic policy is offensive and defensive. It is suggested that the main force of the Red Army should concentrate on the southern line. The meeting adopted Mao Zedong's report and asked the two legions to put it into practice respectively.
165438+1October19th, Peng telephoned Lin Biao, head of the First Corps, and Nie, political commissar, pointing out that the Northeast Army 109 Division might arrive in Zhiluo Town tomorrow, and our army should make preparations the day after tomorrow. Before the attack, he asked cadres at or above the regimental level of the Red Army Corps and the Red Army Corps to inspect the terrain in Zhiluo Town and study the specific operational deployment.
165438+1On the afternoon of October 20th, the Northeast Army 109 Division went deep alone under the cover of aircraft and entered Zhiluo Town along Hulu River. That night, Mao Zedong issued an order, according to the original deployment, the Red Army Corps went from north to south, the Red Army Corps went from south to north, and Zhiluo Town was surrounded before dawn. Mao Zedong's command post is located on a hillside not far from Zhiluo Town. Before the start of the battle, when he gave the battle order, he said categorically: "This battle must be played well!" "What we want is annihilation, not defeat!"
165438+1October 2 1 At dawn, the Red Army suddenly swooped down from the north and south mountains to Zhiluo Town. 109 division rushed into battle and fought fiercely until 2 pm, most of which were annihilated. In the aid campaign, the Red Army wiped out another regiment of the reinforcement 106 Division.
By165438+1October 24th, 109, the remnants of the division were destroyed by the Red Army in the breakout. The victory of the battle of Zhiluo Town broke the "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang army against the Shaanxi-Gansu base area. In Mao Zedong's words, it was the groundbreaking ceremony for the task of the CPC Central Committee to put the national revolutionary base camp in the northwest.
After the battle of Zhiluo Town, Mao Zedong and others returned to the rear Wayaobao from the front. Together with other leaders of the Central Committee, he listened to the report of the five-member panel on examining Liu Zhidan and other "cases" and pointed out: "The arrest of Liu Zhidan and other comrades is totally wrong, framed, opportunistic and" insane "and should be released.
The victory of the battle of Zhiluo Town and the elimination of counter-revolution and the correction of the expansion of northern Shaanxi solved the two most urgent problems faced by the Shaanxi-Gansu revolutionary base area, which enabled the central government to gain a firm foothold here and obtain a relatively stable environment to consider and deal with many problems with the overall situation.