1, Hyperuniverse-Metauniverse, transcending the present universe, compiled a virtual world parallel to reality with computer language.
Bible: From the beginning, there was language, language was with God, and language was God.
Yijing: Tai Chi gives birth to two instruments, two instruments give birth to four images, and four images give birth to gossip.
Tao Te Ching: Tao gives birth to one, two, three and everything.
Is the world virtual? Is this language a computer language? Are these two instruments 0 and 1? This Tao gives birth to a right and wrong, is it 0 and 1?
2. The literary world
Literature is a world built by language, including your life, and it can also be said that it is a world built by language. More accurately, it can be said that the world is constructed by consciousness, but we express it through externalization, transmission and transportation. What you always see is the world in your own eyes, including him you see, and he is only what you see subjectively, not the real him. Because you can't get into his subjectivity, you can only judge subjectively through objective existence. Whether the objective is true or not, there will always be a layer of subjective filtering, with a certain degree of subjective objectivity, which makes the objective always have a sense of obscurity, a sense of virtuality, unreality, uncertainty and doubt.
Second, the creation of a poetic world
(Note: If the intention is obvious, if it is a subjective and abstract emotional expression, such as Jin Se and Untitled by Li Shangyin), it is not easy to understand.)
1, view
More intuitive, objective and concrete perception, easy to understand. -like what? Stand in front of the mirror.
Five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.
Step 2 feel
Feelings and emotions are subjective and abstract and need to be deeply understood. -It means. Wear it in the mirror.
Junior high school level: all landscape words are love words. Express your feelings directly through the scenery.
Advanced: meaning beyond words, image beyond image. Without a word, it's all romantic. Words are endless, but it means endless.
Writing is just a means, and lyricism is the purpose. (Note: the similarity between the scene and emotion is the most special representative feature of the scene)
For example, there is a loquat tree in Gui Youguang's "Ridge Xuanzhi", which was planted when my wife died, and now it is so graceful.
For example, Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow. Sincerely advise friends to drink a glass of wine, and it is difficult to meet their loved ones when they go out to Yang Guan in the west. What's more, all the reasons for persuading wine are exhausted, but everyone is never say goodbye, and the sadness of parting is flowing in a glass of wine. )
Step 3: ok
Creative process, stereotypes, characterization, deep polishing, coloring, etc.
It is helpful to determine the syntactic function and morphological characteristics of part of speech
Noun > verb > adjective > other-sketch
Descriptive technique
1. Character description: appearance, language, psychology, manners and movements.
2. Environmental description: natural environment and social environment.
Natural environment: explain the background, time and place. Set off the atmosphere. Set off the mood of the characters. Promote the development of the plot. Deepen the theme. A symbolic hint. Reflect the character.
Social environment: times, living environment, regional customs, local customs, customs and habits, etc.
3. Description of details.
Description angle
Front, side.
Detail description
1, sketch (directly list the intention of existence, points, lines, surfaces, bodies and simple geometric figures)
For example, an old tree with withered vines cries faintly, and a small bridge flows people. -the line of running water is connected with other people's faces, while the curve of the bridge is connected.
If the desert is lonely and straight, the long river sets the yen. -the curve of the desert, the straight line of solitary smoke. The straight line of the long river, the circle of the sunset.
For example, there is a blue mountain line to the north of the wall and a white waterline to the east of the city. -The curved surface of Castle Peak surrounds the north of the city wall. The river encircles the east of the city in a straight line.
For example, we look at the green trees around your village and the pale blue of the distant mountains. -Green trees surround the village, while green hills span the city.
For example, there are no birds in a hundred mountains and no footprints in a thousand paths. A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice. -it is the point of people, the face of the cold river, the boundary of heaven, and the line.
For example, "Looking at the Lake Pavilion Snow" has traces on the lake embankment, and there are kiosks and mustard boats in the lake, with only two or three people.
2, body senses, eyes, ears, nose, tongue body and mind-vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch, psychology.
For example, here, birds live in the mountain light, and people's hearts feel quiet in the pond. A thousand voices were silenced by the breath of church bells. (visual+auditory+psychological)
For example, from the temple, deep in the bamboo, came the deep voice of the late bell. (visual+auditory)
For example, I know from a distance that it is not snow, because there is fragrance coming. (Vision+Smell+Psychology)
For example, the road is narrow and the vegetation is long, and the clothes are exposed at night. (Vision+Touch)
For example, it rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond. It's past midnight, and the invited guests haven't come yet. I tapped the chess pieces bored and shook the wick of an oil lamp. (vision+hearing+touch)
3. All landscape words are sentimental words. Replace abstraction with concreteness, replace subjectivity with objectivity, and simplify the profound and summarize it into images. Media, externalization)
Writing is just a means, and lyricism is the purpose. (Note: the similarity between the scene and emotion is the most special representative feature of the scene)
For example, the month is often used to express thoughts and homesickness. I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic. People are sad and happy, and they are separated and reunited. The moon will darken or shine, and it will become round or round. Nothing is perfect, even in the past.
For example, falling flowers are used to express falling, withering and confusion, and then they can be combined with people, society and country.
Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
How long can "buried flowers" be bright and fresh? Once wandering, it's hard to find.
4. Contrast (rendering), contrast (setting off), repetition, symbol, hint, absurdity and props.
(1) contrast
For example, although a country is divided, mountains and rivers still exist, and trees and grasslands will turn green again in spring. Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. -the country is broken, and the mountains and rivers are there. Spring has come, but the town is desolate, bleak and dead, and no one cares about it, without the vitality and vitality of spring.
For example, leaves fall like the waves of a waterfall, and the endless Yangtze River rolls in. Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness. -Falling leaves lead to self-reflection.
For example, on the Chihiro Tower in Feilai Peak, it is said that the rooster crows and the sun rises. As written in a China poem, we are not afraid of dark clouds covering our sight, because we are already on the top of the mountain. -what you see and hear leads to what you think.
(2) Contrast
For example, it is very common in the house of the King of Qi, but it has been heard several times before Cui. Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance. (The first two sentences are the prosperity of the past, and the last two sentences are the decline of the present. )
For example, on this day last year, in this door, the peach blossom face turned red. Today, I came here again. I don't know where the girl went. Only the peach blossoms are still there, smiling in full bloom in the spring breeze. Compared with last year, the peach blossoms are still there, but the Sri Lankan people have left.
(3) Aluminum foil
For example, before me, where were those lost times? Behind me, where are the future generations? . Only the boundless universe, boundless, can't stop the tears full of sadness. The long river of history sets off the shortness of life. The vastness of heaven and earth sets off the smallness of people)
I came from three thousand miles away. With the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed this height alone. After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged. Sad autumn, frequent visits, illness-ridden, and going on stage alone all set off the poet's hardships and bitterness. The white hair on the temples, loneliness, and new turbid wine glasses also set off the poet's suffering. Du Fu when he was young: Relax and be a wine, send happiness as a poem.
(5) Repeatedly
For example, fighting for crossing, fighting for crossing, and opening gull heron beach.
For example: Do you know? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat, red and thin.
For example, it is difficult to get through the Shu Road and get into the sky.
For example, it is difficult to go, it is difficult to go. Don't go astray! Where to go today.
(6) Symbol
For example, here, you must leave me and drift away for hundreds of miles like loose grass. (Lonely Peng refers to a person who travels alone)
For example: if the account is levied, the goose will return to Hu Tian. The sign of a tent refers to a drifter, a traveler.
For example, if you want to ask the side of a bicycle, the country will be too long. (Riding refers to traveling without pomp, and belonging to the country refers to the poet himself)
For example, what are bells and drums, what are delicacies and what are treasures? I hope I never wake up drunk. (Zhong Gu Dai Yu refers to fame and fortune)
For example, the spring breeze is proud of horseshoe disease, and Chang 'an flowers can be seen all day. (Chang 'an Flower refers to a woman. After graduation, women from all over the city came to watch. )
(7) Tips
For example, if you want to cross the boat, I am more ashamed than you politicians. When I sit here and watch a fisherman throw a hook, I envy his catch in vain. (Hinting that Zhang Jiuling asked him to help introduce him)
For example, the trip to Wan Li is still a long way, but it is more difficult to rely on danger than three years. In the ancient wind and frost, the old wood is infinitely sad. The hoary head and the wind and frost hint at the current situation, and the old wood is a true portrayal of the author. )
5. Binary opposition: movement, reality, existence, size, subjective and objective, intentional or unintentional, macro and micro, time and space, (level: up and down, up and down, far and near, point and surface, inside and outside, pitch)
-survive in comparison and develop in opposition.
For example, when viewed from one side of a mountain, the heights of the peaks are different. (Different perspectives)
For example: moonlight in the pine forest, crystal stone in the stream. (dynamic and static)
For example, there is such bright light at the foot of my bed. Could it have been frosted? . I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic. (distance, pitch, reality, subjective and objective, intentional or unintentional)
I came from three thousand miles away. With the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed this height alone. "Wan Li" is space, "Centennial" is time.
Like a lonely sail far away from the blue sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky. Lonely sail, distant shadow, blue sky, fatigue. Use the change of four spaces to show the change of time.
For example, Mount Emei, Pingqiang, Qingxi, Three Gorges and Yuzhou. The passage of time is represented by the changes of five places and spaces. The farther the space is, the longer the time is, and the deeper I miss my hometown.
For example, the time comparison of "Meeting Li Guinian Downstream" and the comparison between the prosperity of the past and the decline of the present.
For example, Chen Ziang is on the tower of Youzhou. I think of heaven and earth. There is no limit and no end. I am alone, and my tears fall. The vastness of heaven and earth makes people small.
For example: Du Fu's A Night Abroad, but my relatives and friends didn't give me any news. I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat. The contrast between nothing and something.
6, color: red, white, green, blue ...
For example, in Du Fu's quatrains, two orioles sing green willows and a row of egrets soar into the sky. My window framed the snow-covered western hills. My door often says "goodbye" to ships sailing eastward.
For example, Wang Luobin's Goose, Goose, Goose, Xiang Tiange. White feathers, floating in green water; The red soles of the feet stir the clear water.
For example, Wang Wei: the rivers and lakes are white at sunset, and the tides are high.
For example, in Yan Shu's Broken Array, there are three or four spots of moss on the pond and one or two orioles at the bottom of the leaves.
For example, Bai Juyi's "Remembering Jiangnan" wins the fire at sunrise, and the riverside is blue.
For example, Li Bai: wild bamboo smoke, flying springs hanging blue peaks.
For example: Li Bai: The north of the wall is the blue mountain line, and the east of the city is the white waterline.
For example, Su Shi: flowers fade, red apricots are small, swallows fly, and people walk around the green water.
7. Rhetoric: metaphor, analogy, parallelism, repetition, contrast, rhetorical question and exaggeration.
Vivid image. Parallelism: increase the momentum and strengthen the tone. Contrast, repetition and exaggeration: highlighting and emphasizing. Ask questions: attract attention and think.
(1) metaphor
For example, when half an acre of square pond is opened, the sky is high and the clouds are light. The pond is compared to a mirror.
For example, the moon is held up like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like a palace. The reflection of the bright moon is compared to a flying mirror.
(2) Comparison
For example, I will think of you in the clouds, so think of me in the sunset. (personification, clouds, sunset endows humanity, reluctant to part)
For example, the water brought you the feeling of home and made your boat travel 300 miles. (anthropomorphic, reluctant to part with the water in my hometown, not far from Wan Li to send it)
For example, I miss my heart and the bright moon, and the wind keeps me going west. (personification, entrusting friends' worries and worries to the bright moon and letting the breeze help convey them)
For example, in April, there are beautiful scenery on earth and peach blossoms in mountain temples. I want to find a place where my life is dying, but I don't know that it has been moved here. (personified in spring, transformed into a mountain temple in spring)
For example: flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world! . The personification of human beings is like Sha Ou, flying alone between heaven and earth.
For example, I don't know who cut off the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors. The spring breeze is personified, but the whole poem is personified. Willow is like a woman with scissors. Weak willows help the wind. )
(3) parallelism
For example, have you noticed how the water of the Yellow River flows out of heaven and into the ocean, never to return? Have you noticed that the lovely hair in the bright mirror in the high room, although it is silky black in the morning, has turned into snow at night.
Since yesterday, Potter and I have to break up. It hurts my heart even more today.
(4) exaggeration
For example, although it was still black in the morning, it turned into snow at night. Hair is black in the morning and white at night. Exaggeration, in order to express that life is short. )
For example, apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are crying, and canoes have crossed Chung Shan Man. Ears echoed with the cries of apes, but the ship had passed through Chung Shan Man. The technique is exaggerated, showing that the water clippers are fast)
For example, the old garden has a long way to go east, and the tears of the double-sleeved dragon bell have not dried. I kept crying, and my sleeves were wet with tears. I couldn't do it.
I'm going forward. I cried until my tears ran out, and I saw a ship in the distant sky. (tears stay in a foreign land)
I stroke my white hair. It has become so thin that it can no longer hold hairpins. Because of sadness, my hair is getting shorter and shorter, and I have lost a lot, so I can't fix it with a hairpin.
For example, mutual concern is silent, but tears are thousands of lines. (Thousands of tears)
For example, the mist from Yungu and Menggu has surrounded Yueyang City. (Stormy waves can shake Yueyang Tower)
For example: Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy, birds are flying around in front of my nervous eyes ... (My eyes are about to crack)
(5) Ask questions
For example, it is difficult to go, it is difficult to go. Don't go astray! Where to go today.
8. Lenovo imagination
Why pay more attention to likeness than likeness? God seems to have left a blank and more room for imagination and interpretation. Everyone's subjective differences, once determined, are generally accepted. It will not let readers spend more time to perceive, deeply understand and interpret.
Description order
Time, space and logic.
For example, Dongting East Jiangxi, the curtain is quiet and the sunset is late. Deng Wu and Shu divided the land horizontally, and moved to lakes and mountains at dusk. -Illustrates the geographical and spatial location of Yueyang Tower.
For example: sail from Jingmen ferry, and soon you will be with people in the south. -explain the spatial location of the play.
For example, Jiangling, thousands of miles away, will be returned in one day. -explained the spatial geographical location of farewell.
For example, Huayang fell to the ground and cried, and Wen Daolong crossed the five streams. -Spatial position
As before, people said goodbye to the West Yellow Crane Tower, and fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March. -Spatial position
For example, in the sharp wind from the vast sky, apes are sobbing, and birds fly home on the clear lake and white beach. Logic: Because the wind is fast and there is no cloud, the sky looks higher, and the wind is fast, which causes the birds to rotate. The white sands in Zhu Qing are dried up by rivers, so you can see the white sands on the banks and banks.