Building a house is under human conditions,
There is no noise of horses and chariots.
Ask what you can do,
The heart is far from being self-centered.
Under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums,
See Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better every day,
Birds live in harmony.
There is a real meaning in this,
I forgot what I wanted to say.
Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, said goodbye to Peng after his seclusion. By describing the beautiful scenery of the countryside, the poet showed his leisurely life and detached state of mind.
The language of this poem is plain and simple, but it does not lose its charm. It is natural and thought-provoking to write a refreshing realm in everyday language without exaggeration. The phrase "a natural language is always new, and it is extravagant to see the truth" fully expresses the language characteristics of this poem.
Take scenery as the source of poetry, emotion as the edge of poetry, and reason as the end of poetry. The "mind" and "land" in the first four sentences are the relationship between subjective spirit and objective environment. As long as you are "ambitious", you will not be disturbed by secular noise anywhere. You, while picking chrysanthemums, enjoy the mountains, and people and scenery are integrated. The mountain air in the evening and the returning birds make up a beautiful scenery. It contains the true meaning of life, which cannot be expressed in words. The unity of things and me means infinity.
The whole poem is fresh and natural, without any affectation, and writes the poet's feelings of contentment and contentment. If it weren't for his extraordinary personality and clear understanding of life, how could he have such a vast poem? People who have desires have desires. People should do whatever it takes to be different; Man's desire is infinite, but his desire is limited. At what age you live, you have what kind of desires. Without desire, there is no hope. But people want to create it because of life. Different people have different desires, and different desires make different people. Desire must be right, and desire must have fruit. How about life, it is important to have desire. Whether it is a blessing or a curse, we should grasp it separately. There are too many arrogant desires. It's hard to fill the valley, don't fall in!
An autumn night in the mountains
The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night.
The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks.
The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe.
Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time.
Autumn Night in the Mountain is a five-character poem written by Wang Wei. The poem begins with "an empty mountain after rain, standing on an autumn night". The mountain is empty, and it is easy to think of emptiness and tranquility. Wang Wei is deeply influenced by his mother. Buddhism pays attention to "all four are empty". In the eyes of the poet, all the scenic spots are just "empty"! At ten o'clock in the evening, everything is foggy. After the intermittent autumn rain, it is another cold autumn! It also sets a calm and fresh emotional tone for the whole poem. At the same time, the time and place became dark.
The couplet "Moonlight in the pine forest, Crystal stone in the stream", "Moon" is the entering sound, and "Photo" is the ending sound. The tone tends to be high from low convergence, which is suitable for the situation that the moon gradually spreads out the pine forest. The first four words of the next sentence are all dental sounds, and the word "Liu" at the end is tongue sounds. The pronunciation turns from thin to round, which makes people seem to hear clear spring water flowing through the stone in the moonlight. It sounds like a beautiful sonata, spreading far and wide in the empty distant mountains! The bright moon in the poet's eyes is not as bold as Su Dongpo's "white dew crossing the river, water meets the sky", but it pours down from the sparse pine leaves, as if the moonlight can be counted by heart! "Photo" describes the modality of moonlight. The word "flow" became sound. This can't help but say the poet's refined skill. In the poet's pen, he not only sketched a quiet and distant autumn night scene, but also presented the dynamic beauty and sound beauty that landscape painting could not express. This is because of his musical attainments, so the poet can feel the harmony of natural landscape acoustics more accurately.
The neck of the poem is "bamboo language laundry woman returns, lotus leaf bends in front of the fishing boat." From what I saw and heard in the first part. I first smelled the laughter from the bamboo forest, and then I brought out the scene of the woman returning from washing yarn; Lotus leaves rolled and there was the sound of fishing boats swinging in the water. It turns out that fishermen fish on a moonlit night. They wrote the simple and industrious qualities of mountain people from different aspects. This writing method of hearing the sound before meeting people conforms to the reality of life at that time, and also sharply adds interest and meaning to the poem, stimulating readers' interest and association. In the silent autumn night after the rain, it reveals a deep breath of life. Indeed, people are the ornament of all landscapes. The appearance of people will add a smart color and emotional appeal to the original beautiful picture. "The quieter the forest is, the quieter Tonamiyama will be." This combination of dynamic writing and static writing highlights the "emptiness" and "quietness" of the forest.
Wang Guowei of A Qing Dynasty put it well, "All scenery words are sentimental words", and some people say that "a natural scenery is a spiritual world". The scenery described by the poet is so quiet, bright and quiet. It is the externalization of the poet's inner world. Due to the influence of his mother and the frustration and humiliation of his life, Wang Wei often immersed himself in the spiritual kingdom of Buddhism in order to be detached. Buddhism has the so-called practice of understanding Buddha rituals through "meditation" and "meditation". It requires people to abandon distractions and focus only on what they are observing. Over time, you can reach a comfortable, comfortable and clear state. "Observing the image in meditation" refers to this method of realizing Buddha ceremony by focusing on meditation. Because the poet's mood is extremely indifferent and quiet, without any distractions, every grass, tree, spring and stone can touch the poet's heart. What you see and hear is beauty, and what you see and hear is ethereal, pure and plain.
At the end of the poem, the poet sighed with emotion: "my friend's prince, spring has passed and you are still here. What does it matter?" "Spring grass will also decline! Autumn scenery, who is so quiet, quiet and distant, can let Wang Sun enjoy the taste quietly. In fact, this is the poet's expression of his life interest and pursuit with "Chu Ci Zhao Hermit".
After our analysis and reading, we found that "climbing mountains is full of emotion, while watching the sea is full of meaning." The scenery in Wang Wei's works is actually the materialization of the poet's mind. Only by expressing one's inner feelings with foreign objects can one feel lasting, subtle and meaningful touch.
Tao Yuanming's poems are quiet and peaceful, while Wang Wei's poems are picturesque. Su Shi once said: "Poetry is like verve, with pictures and poems." "Painting in Poetry" is the most prominent artistic feature of Wang Wei's landscape poems.