There are112 Taishi Gongyue in the twelve-year chronicle, and there are thirty biographies in the historical records. Except that the Chronicle of Qin Shihuang quotes Jia Yi's Qin Lun a little longer, the rest are about 100 words. Short is less nonsense, short is easy to refine. After editing, it is important to be concise, in a few words, to the point and hit the nail on the head. Lesbians, if jumbled and rambling, are all empty talk, which can not only arouse readers' interest in reading, but also turn people off. Nowadays, if some newspapers and periodicals are signed and graded after editing, it will virtually encourage editors to lengthen their editing. As a result, some newspapers and periodicals are getting longer and longer after editing, but their functions are getting smaller and smaller, and the effect is getting worse and worse. Pure form, not worth the loss. After editing, you should keep your true colors and try to be shorter and more precise.
Second, quoting classics to increase literary color.
It is the tradition of China literati to quote the famous sayings and aphorisms of predecessors or the quips of the people in their articles. This can be clearly seen from the works of pre-Qin philosophers. Sima Qian inherited this tradition in Taishigong Gong Yue, widely quoting famous sayings and aphorisms from classic works and folk oral proverbs, and his editing efforts were greatly enhanced. Among them are Biography, Poetry, Language and Proverbs. For example, it is quoted in the biography of General Li: "He is honest and does not give orders; His body is not right, although he does not obey. " Quote a proverb: "peaches and plums don't say anything, but the flowers are bright." In Sun Tzu's The Art of War and the Biography of Wu Qi, the quotation says: "Those who can speak may not be able to speak, and those who can speak may not be able to do it." These quotations play an important role in adding literary color and revealing the essence of things after editing.
Quoting seems simple, but it is not. It is an important embodiment of the author's profound knowledge. Without a lot of reading and rich accumulation, I can't even find the place to quote, let alone just right. Especially after the newspaper editor writes the manuscript, the time is tight and the requirements are urgent, so he often has no time to consult the information, so he has to use his head. Therefore, editors must read more books and accumulate more, so that they can be handy when they need to quote.
Third, carefully scrutinize and temper sentences.
Whether it can attract readers' attention, impress readers and have good sentences is very important. The reason why Taishigong Gong Yue is enduring and memorable lies in Sima Qian's careful scrutiny and tempering of many beautiful sentences. For example, there is a saying in the Biography of Bian Que Cang Gong that "women have no beauty or evil, and they are jealous when they live in the palace. Scholars have no virtue and no morality, and they are jealous when they enter the DPRK. " This highly summarizes the phenomenon of intrigue, power struggle and mutual strife in the feudal court. In the Biography of Zheng Ji, in view of the situation that Ji An and Zheng Dangshi "have the right to have ten times as many guests, but have no right to have no guests", it is refined that "friendship is known only after death". Poverty and wealth are a state of knowing each other. One is expensive and the other is cheap, and friendship can be seen. "This epigram reveals the human sentiment, the world is bleak and unforgettable.
Fourth, love and hate are clear.
People who touch the heart, don't feel it. Man is an emotional animal. After writing and editing, we should not only convince people with reason, but also convince people with emotion. Only by giving your heart to the reader and spilling your feelings to the reader can you arouse the vibration of the reader's mind and reach resonance. Without emotional injection, it must be a cold and boring extinct language. Sima Qian always shares the same fate with the master in his biographies, so his Gong Yue, Tai Shi Gong, is often written with tears in his eyes, which is touching. Tai Shigong said in Biographies of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng: "I have read Li Sao, Tian Wen, Evocation and Mourning, and I feel sad for my ambition. When you were in Changsha, you saw Qu Yuan's self-destruction, but you couldn't help crying. It depends on him. When Jia Sheng hanged himself, he blamed Qu Yuan for wandering around the princes, which country refused to allow him to do so. " Yes, with Qu Zi's talent, which country can't do something great, why should it devote itself to it and make future generations sad?
"Confucius' House" Tai Shigong said: "There is a cloud in the poem:' The mountain rises and the scenery stops.' Although I can't get there, I'm going to my hometown. I read Confucius' books and want to treat him as a person. ""The king of the world as for the sages, at that time, the glory was absent-minded. Confucius is a civilian, and by more than ten generations, people who study have respected him. Since the Emperor of Heaven, China said that the "Six Arts" were all compromised by the master, which is the most sacred! "
Without deep affection for Qu Yuan and Confucius, why did Sima Qian write such touching words? The reason why some editors of today's newspapers write indifferently and tasteless is that they have no emotional input with the author and can't love and hate each other, which has a lot to do with them treating themselves as outsiders. As an editor, we should distinguish between love and hate, enthusiastically eulogize the new style and righteousness, do good deeds, and mercilessly attack bad styles and ugly phenomena. Only in this way can we write a just and stern editorial.
5. Call a spade a spade and hit the nail on the head.
After writing an editor, what you advocate, what you oppose, and what are the pros and cons, you should be outspoken and hit the nail on the head, and you must never speak hesitatingly, hide, beat around the bush, and keep silent. In that case, it is redundant and ineffective. Regarding the merits and demerits of Zhou Bo, Sima Qian wrote clearly in "The Family of Jiang Zhoubo": "Jiang Zhoubo was originally a Shu Ren, but his talent was mediocre. And from the high-impedance set the world, in phase; Zhu Lu wanted to make an insurrection, but the country was in trouble, so he was close to power. Although Yi Yin and the Duke of Zhou, why add it? " "If you don't learn enough, you will be rude and end up poor. Sad husband! "
In the Biography of Meng Tian, he clearly pointed out that Meng Tian believed that he was convicted because the Great Wall had moved, so he committed suicide for fear of sin: "I am comfortable in the north, so I go straight home. I want to see what Meng Tian has done for the State of Qin to build the Great Wall Pavilion, dig ravines, and pass straight roads to reduce the strength of the people. " At the beginning of the Qin dynasty, the princes were destroyed, the heart of the world was undecided, and the injury was not healed. In the name of Tian, at this time, it is not appropriate to remonstrate, arouse people's urgency, provide for the aged and save the orphans, and repair the sum of Shu Ren, while Ah Yi prospers and his brother is punished! What is the pulse of sin? "
Sixth, have a unique vision and unique insights.
After writing and editing, it is valuable to have original opinions, see things that people have never seen and say things that people have never said. If you go with the flow, others will follow suit, or you are too timid to speak; Either you are too knowledgeable to see it. Sima Qian often has original opinions in Taishigong Gong Yue. In the Biography of Xiang Yu, it is pointed out that Xiang Yu was worried about Chu, belittled the emperor's independence, and blamed the princes for betraying himself. Self-conceited meritorious service, unlearned spell personal wisdom, known as the overlord's business, want to rule the world by force. Five years after his death, the country died, and he died in Dongcheng, but he still didn't feel guilty or blame himself. It is wrong to quote' Heaven kills me, but it is not a crime to use soldiers'! "
In The Book of Filial Piety, in view of people's sympathy for Chao Cuo, it is considered that Emperor Jing's sacrifice to Chao Cuo is to abandon his pawn and protect his car. Sima Qian clearly pointed out: "Chao Cuo carved princes, which made the seven countries rise up and led to Xixiang. The princes are too prosperous, but the mistakes are not gradual. " This tells people that Chao Cuo's thought of weakening the vassals and safeguarding the central authority is right, but his mistake is that he doesn't know how to step by step and uses too much force. Sima Qian's view should be said to be very correct, and later reformers must pay attention to it.