Chew the word about Mei Shi 1. Chewing words often has associative meaning, so in China's poems, such as plum, willow and grass.
Sui anonymous poem "Farewell": "Willow green hangs on the ground and flowers are flying all over the sky. The wicker is broken and the flowers are flying. Will pedestrians come back? " Baling Bridge in the Tang Dynasty was the only place for people to leave Chang 'an when they went to all parts of the country, and the willows on both sides of Baling Bridge were hidden, which became a famous place for the ancients to fold willows to bid farewell, such as "willow leaves every year, Baling hurts to say goodbye" and "Who can't afford to miss home?" About tonight, I heard the tune of Broken Willow. Who can't remember the feeling of missing my hometown?
Cheng, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote: "cuckoo, what is the merit of resentment?" It is suspected that it is the blood in the mouth, which drips on the branches and becomes flowers. " In China's classical poems, Du Fu is often associated with bitterness. Li Bai's poem "Difficult Road to Shu" says: "Come to the cuckoo and cry, and worry about the empty mountain." Another example is Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip: "Cuckoo's blood cries, ape's sobs." The cuckoo's crow is like saying "It's better to go home", and its crow can easily touch people's homesickness.
2. Poetry that speaks like a book in ancient poetry
Wang Anshi's "Dengguazhou" is between the waters of Guazhou in Jingkou, and Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains. Spring breeze is green Jiang Nanan, when will the bright moon shine on me? The clever use of the word "green" in poetry has been widely praised since ancient times. According to the records of Hong Mai in the Southern Song Dynasty (Rong Zhai's essay continued), Wang Anshi used "Zhi", "Zhi" and "Zhi" successively. It turns out that the word "green" is an adjective expressing color, which has become a verb with a sense of color and movement in poetry, giving people a visual image beauty. Rhetorically, this is a telepathic skill, also called synaesthesia. Generally, the wind can only be distinguished by hearing and feeling, but in spring, the wind is pleasant, stable, not cold on the face, and silent on the ears. Now use "green" to describe it.
3. Examples of ancient poetry that speak like a book.
Wang Anshi went to Guazhou.
Guazhou is located at the mouth of Beijing, separated from Zhongshan by several mountains.
Jiang Nanan spring breeze is green, when will the bright moon shine on me?
The clever use of the word "green" in the poem has been widely praised since ancient times. According to the records of Hong Mai in the Southern Song Dynasty (Volume 8 of Rong Zhai Essays), Wang Anshi used more than ten words, such as "Zhi", "Zhi" and "Zhi", before finally choosing the word "Qing". So, what's good about this word? It turns out that the word "green" is an adjective expressing color. When used in poetry, it becomes a verb with a sense of color and movement, giving people a visual aesthetic feeling.
Rhetorically, this is a kind of telepathy, also called synaesthesia. Generally, the wind can only be distinguished by hearing and feeling, but in spring, the wind is pleasant, stable, not cold on the face, and silent on the ears. Now it is described as "green", which turns the hearing and feeling that are not easy to convey into vision, that is, it shows the arrival of spring breeze and the change from spring breeze to Jiangnan water town, giving people a strong vitality and prosperity.
4. Ancient poems or famous sayings that agree with Zhu Guangqian's point of view.
Many well-known famous sentences in ancient poetry are the result of tempering, and the representative poems are as follows:
1. Two sentences in three years, one song and two tears.
It took me three years to write these two poems, and I couldn't help shedding two lines of tears when I read them.
Jia Dao's poems are refined and refined, and the layout is painstaking. This poem is a true portrayal of his spiritual outlook that regards art as life, devotes himself wholeheartedly and pursues perfection persistently.
2. The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk is knocking at the door. Jia Dao's "Deliberate Thinking" Story.
He Guangyuan of Houshu wrote Jia Yi's Notes: (Jia Dao) suddenly sang to the donkey one day: "Birds perch on trees by the pool, and monks knock on the moon and knock on the door. "At first, I wanted to use the word" push "or" knock ",but I hesitated. So I made a "push" gesture to the donkey and a "knock" gesture. I don't think it's half a square. The viewer was dumbfounded, and the island seemed to be out of sight. At that time, the Korean official department had great influence in Beijing and Yin, and its spirit was honest and strict. After the third pair finished singing, the island did not sign. Russia pushes the donkey as an official, holding it before Yin and realizing it on the island. Counselor, blame it. Daodui:' I have a couplet, and the word Yin 'an is undecided. I wandered in the poetry house and ran to the big official. I dare not take advantage of it, I hope I can hold on. Han immediately thought for a long time and said,' Typing is really good. "After the" scrutiny "refers to consider words. It also refers to the repeated consideration of things.
Mr. Zhu Guangqian, a literary theorist, has a more detailed explanation in the article On Words:
Although "pushing" seems a bit reckless, it means that the solitary monk has gone a long way and returned to the temple. The door was hidden by himself, but now he "pushes". He wants to hide himself and others, which shows that he is the only monk in the temple. In this cold and lonely occasion, he has the interest to go out for a walk, go back to the page, go alone, feel at ease, he has his own mind and tolerance. The word "knock" is more formal, indicating that someone answers the door in the temple. He seems to be visiting friends on a moonlit night, unwilling to be lonely. If it is not a lively occasion, there is at least some warm feeling in the temple. Comparatively speaking, "knocking" air is not as cold as "pushing" air. As far as the previous sentence "birds stay in trees by the pool" is concerned, "pushing" is more harmonious than "knocking". "Push" can be silent, and "knock" is bound to have a pecking sound, which will wake the birds and break the silence, which seems to add more trouble. So I doubt whether Han Yu's revision is really as appropriate as it has been praised in ancient and modern times.
3. Wang Anshi's Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan
Wang Anshi wrote "Dengguazhou". The third sentence was originally written as "the spring breeze has arrived in Jiang Nanan again", which is not well written. Later it was changed to "Guo". I have seen it several times, but it is not good. It was changed to the word "gold", then to the word "full", and more than a dozen words were changed. Finally, it was determined to be "green": "make green".
It turned out that Wang Anshi wrote: "Spring breeze has arrived in Jiang Nanan again. When will the bright moon shine on me? " He always thinks that the word "to" in the third sentence is too mediocre and not appropriate enough. Later, it was changed to "country". I have seen it several times, but it is not good. Change it to "Jin", "Spring breeze enters Jiang Nanan again", and then change it to "Man"-"Spring breeze fills the south bank of the river again", and the word "Man" will be abolished. After thinking and thinking, I changed and changed, but I still couldn't find a suitable word. Finally, he suddenly thought of the green mountains, green waters and green plants he saw on the boat ... Isn't green a symbol of spring in the south of the Yangtze River? Why not use a "green" word? So the poet decided to use the word "green" instead of "Yao", "Yao", "Yao" and "Yao". The poet wanted to use a verb to express the scene of spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, but he finally chose an adjective as a verb, which is "adjective usage". "Green" not only means "green", but also means "blowing green", which is the personification of spring breeze and adds dynamic beauty.
Please recommend some beautiful ancient poems, which are easy to recite, and don't chew over words.
Liu Yong and Feng Qiwu's clothes are getting wider and wider, but he doesn't regret it, which makes people haggard for Iraq.
Anonymous Book of Songs, Taifeng, Drumming, Life and Death, Zi Cheng Theory. Hold your hand and grow old with your son.
Qin Guan's love for Qiaoxian will not last long if it lasts for a long time.
Li Bai's 357 words miss you. When did you know? At this point, the night is awkward.
There is a kind of beauty in The Unknown Phoenix Seeking Phoenix and Piano Music. Don't forget it when you see it. I haven't seen you for a day, and I want to be crazy.
Li Bai's 357 words entered my lovesick door, knowing that I was lovesick for a long time and lovesick for a short time.
There are five poems of Yuan Zhen's thought, and the fourth one was once a water disaster and an eternal amber.
Cao Zhiming goes to a tall building in the bright moon. If the road dust rises, if the cement is muddy, when will we meet in harmony?
The desolation and parting of Nalanxingde corn poppy should be the same, and the most difficult thing is to clear up grievances in the bright moon and bright future.
Zhang Ji's holiday song returns your tears to your pearl. I hate not getting married until I meet you.
Chen Hengke's "The Portrait of Spring Sorrow" is only the shadow of a world. How can we live together without dying?
Liang Qichao's Ci of Zhi Zhu in Taiwan Province said that he missed the tree, but Silang hated Mandy.
Xu Gan's thoughts come from your own mind, but the mirror is dark and incurable. Thinking of a gentleman is like running water, why bother to be poor all the time?
Sima Guang's "Xijiang Moon" is heartless if we don't see each other.
Gong Zizhen's poems are not heartless, but turn into spring mud to protect flowers.
Zhang Xianqian is not old, and his feelings are hard to break. The heart is like a double screen with a Qian Qian knot in it.
One of Huang Jingren's two poems is like this star. It was not last night, and the wind and dew stood at midnight for it.
Li Shangyin's six untitled third poems I know this love will not have any result, but it can soothe my heart! .
Nalanxingde broke through the Huanxisha people and turned sentimental. Now it's really not sentimental.
Li Shangyin made a splendid speech, but a moment that should last forever came and went unconsciously.
How much is Zhang's lovesickness one-night stand in Yanzilou? The ends of the earth are not long.
Yuan Hao asked about fishing. One of them asked the world what love is and taught him to be committed to life and death.
Li Shangyin untitled Although my body doesn't have bright phoenix wings, I can feel the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn.
Xu Zaisi won't miss you all his life, but he will miss you and hurt you.
Li Guan's love for a butterfly is an inch long. What is there in the world? Arrange the office.
Su Shi Jiangchengzi was born and died for ten years, but he never thought about it, but he was unforgettable, and he had nowhere to talk.
Book of Songs, Tang style, anonymous, save for the present, meet this lover.
Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow lasts forever; One day both will end, and this endless sadness will last forever.
Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow says that we want two birds to be one, fly in the sky, grow together on the ground, and have two branches in one tree. ..
Wen's recent love flowers overlap with tears, and there is only love in life.
Li Shangyin has no problem. Spring silkworms have to weave until they die, and tears are exhausted every night.
Kuang Zhouyi reduced the word Huanxisha. He is infatuated by nature, and there is no place in the world where he misses love.
Ouyang xiu's jade building should say the date of returning home before Chunzun, but it is hard to swallow before Chunrong.
The Book of Songs Nan Zhou Guanluo Guanluo Dove is anonymous in Hezhou. Hey? A lady is a gentleman.
Ouyang Xiuyulouchun was naturally infatuated all his life, and this hatred has nothing to do with romantic affairs.
Li Zhiyi's diviner only wants you to be like me, not lovesick.
Yan Linjiang's two poems, the second one, the falling flower is independent, and the swift flies in two directions.
Chen Tao's trip to Longxi was pitiful and boneless along the river. Still a dream of spring? People.
Xin Qiji touched the fish's money and bought it like a gift. Who complained about this situation?
Liu Yong enjoys lonely days and nights. Foreword is always faint.
The sky is high and the land is wide; My sadness flies painfully between them. Can I dream of crossing the mountain gate? There is also Sauvignon Blanc, the first of Li Bai's two poems, which is heartbreaking.
Fan Chengda's car is far away. I hope I shine like the stars and the moon every night.
Shen Yan, a acacia fish from Shulun, A Dai, traveled all over the world. He believed in human separation.
Liu Yongyu held Ling Lin's hand and looked at her with tears, but she was speechless and choked up.
Yuan Zhen sent out three sad songs, which is the sorrow that all mankind must know, but not as well as those who used to be poor together.
Jiangling, Yu, I miss you urgently, and my heart is like Xijiang River, which flows eastward day and night.
Li Shangyin's untitled six poems, six immortals, and even this bright flame of love, are there only ashes? .
Wan Le's lovesickness is as deep as the sea, and the past is as far away as the sky.
Bai Juyi hated the waves as bad as the tides, and Acacia began to feel that the sea was not deep.
Wen, linglong dice and An Hongdou, do you know how much you missed?
Shao Ruipeng's recent love affair made him smile. After all, lovesickness is better than meeting.
When Yan Shuyu's family is poor in a corner, there is only endless acacia.
6. Sentences with Chinese characters and plum blossoms or four, five and six characters.
Text: A penny is worth a penny. Han, the leading actor, talks about everything, talks about everything when he is not far away, laughs and curses, all of which are articles. Si Dinggui's literature and art are all good, and sven's literary talent can be used to make a living by selling literature, and so on. Mei: In the year of Mei, my wife Mei's wife Mei's wife Mei fell in love with her childhood friends. Salt and plum blossom complement each other, saying that plum quenches thirst, watching Mei Ting, watching old plum quenches thirst, snow embryo, plum bone, fragrant medicine, crisp plum, sending plum blossom by post, salt and plum blossom, making plum blossom quench thirst, thinking of plum blossom, yearning for plum blossom, and so on.
Plum blossoms are in full bloom and pedestrians don't come. Plum blossoms are often vivid as a pen, and pine and bamboo are more realistic.
For the sake of spring, Xue Mei refused to surrender, and the poet put down his manuscript fee to comment on this chapter. The snow in Mei Xu Xun is three points white, but the snow has lost a kind of plum fragrance.
Sorry, I don't know if there are words.
7. 10 cases of speaking like a book
Jia Dao was a famous poet of Kuyin School in Tang Dynasty.
The bitter school is dedicated to a poem or a sentence in a poem, and does not hesitate to pay painstaking efforts. Jia Dao once wrote a poem a few years later.
After writing the poem, he burst into tears, not only happy, but also distressed himself. Of course, he doesn't work so hard every time he becomes a capital. In that case, he is not a poet. 626 16964757 a 686964 16 Fe 59 e 7 ad 943 133333336。
Once, the poet Jia Dao rode a lame donkey to visit his friend Li Ning, looking for a poem along the way. The whole poem is entitled "Li Ning lives in seclusion", as follows: living in seclusion with few neighbors, the grass path enters the empty garden. The bird stopped in the tree by the pool, and the monk was knocking at the door.
Walking across this bridge, you can see the charming scenery of Ye Yuan, and the feet of clouds seem to be moving on the floating rocks. I will leave here for a while, but I will come back and retire with my friends on the appointed date.
After reciting it several times, he tried to change "push" to "knock". He hesitated, so he deliberately made a gesture on the donkey's back, which caused people on the road to laugh and be surprised. Just when he was fascinated, the lame donkey ran into the car of Han Yu, then the chief executive of Chang 'an (one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties).
Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he broke into his honor guard. Jia Dao read the poem he wrote to Han Yu, but he couldn't make up his mind whether to say it again with "push" or "knock".
Hearing this, Han Yu said to Jia Dao, "I think it's better to knock. Even in the dead of night, knocking at the door when visiting friends shows that you are a polite person! In addition, the word "knock" adds a little more noise in the dead of night. Moreover, it reads louder. " Jia Dao nodded in praise.
Not only did he not get punished this time, but he also made friends with Han Yu. Since then, deliberation has become a popular word, which means to ponder and consider repeatedly when doing an article or a thing.
Miracle, a famous poet of the Five Dynasties, once discovered that several plum blossoms were in bloom in the morning after a night of snow. He thinks they bloom early. In order to highlight the word "early", he wrote a poem "early plum", in which there are two sentences: "Zita Law, a former village, how many branches opened last night." He was very satisfied with these two poems, so he happily took them to consult his friend Zheng Gu.
After reading it several times, Zheng Gu commented: "A few plum blossoms are already quite prosperous, which is not enough to explain' early'. It is better to change' several' to' one'. " After listening to this, Miracle thought it was a good change, accepted it gladly, and thanked Zheng Gu. Later generations called Zheng Ji's "word teacher".
Story 1 Li Xiang, a resident, read Chunqiu and misread the word "Chu" of his uncle as "Ru". Reading a volume every day, a small official is waiting by, often looking unhappy.
Li wants to ask him strangely: "Do you often read this book!" Answer: "Yes". "Why do you look depressed when you hear me reading this?" The beadle bowed and said, "When my teacher taught me to read Spring and Autumn Annals, I pronounced the word' Ge' as' Chuo'. Now I hear you pronounce the word' a' as' if', only to know that I didn't pronounce it correctly before. "
Hearing this, Li Xiang said, "No, I don't have a teacher to teach me to read. I read according to the notes in the book. I must be wrong, not you. "
After checking, I found that the notes in the book were really wrong. The deacon gave a tactful and tortuous explanation.
Li Xiang was very ashamed, and worshipped the junior official as a teacher, calling him a "word teacher". Story 2: Gao Shi, with a rich word, was born in Guo, Dezhou (now Jingxian County, Hebei Province) and was an outstanding poet in the Tang Dynasty.
He stayed in the frontier for a long time in his early years, became familiar with military life and wrote many frontier poems. Most of his poems are vigorous and desolate, and occasionally there are beautiful and handsome poems.
One day, Gao Shi went on a field trip and passed by Qingfeng in Hangzhou to enjoy the moon and scenery. He wrote a poem in the monk's room: "The autumn wind in Jueling is cool, and the crane turns over its wet clothes; In the former village, a river falls on the moon, and monks are in Cuiweijiao Bamboo House. " After he finished writing, he went on his way.
When crossing the Qiantang River, it was the setting of the moon. When we carefully observe the river tide, we find that when the moon sets, the river tide retreats with the wind, and the river surface is only half. He thinks that he uses "the water of a river" to describe the river tide on a moonlit night, which is obviously not in line with the actual situation. After he came back from his inspection, he went to the monk's room to change his poems.
However, as soon as I stepped into the door, I saw that the poem had been corrected. Gao Shi was puzzled and asked who changed it.
The monk told him that shortly after he went, an official passed by and happened to see the poem, but he lamented that the word "one" in the poem was not as accurate as the word "half" and changed it before the author came back to discuss it. Gao Shi secretly marveled and thought, "This man is really my teacher!" Later, he inquired in many ways and learned that the official who changed the poem was a famous great writer.
[3] The story of Sanyang Wanli, whose real name is Tingxiu, whose real name is Chengzhai, Jishui (now Jiangxi) was a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Yang Wanli's poems are as famous as those of You Mao, Fan Chengda and Lu You, and he is also known as the four masters of the Southern Song Dynasty.
His poems are good at "Yang Chengzhai style", without piling up allusions, with novel ideas, simple and natural language and its own style. Zhai Chengji has been handed down from generation to generation. Legend has it that one day, Yang Wanli was chatting with people in the museum. When he was talking about the Jin Dynasty, he talked about how a writer and historian named Yu Bao. A small official next to him chimed in and said, "It's Gan Bao, not Yu Bao."
Yang Wanli felt very strange and asked him, "How do you know Gan Bao?" The beadle found the rhyme book and gave it to Yang Wanli. Sure enough, under the word "Gan" in the rhyme book, it is clearly written that "Jin has Gan Bao".
Yang Wanli saw the joy and said gratefully to the little official, "You are really my teacher!" " The above two cases are all examples of misreading a word and being corrected by others; The following examples are all improper words and improved by others. Story 4 Fan Zhongyan, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, admired Yan Ziling, a hermit of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when he was a satrap in Tonglu, Zhejiang Province. He specially built an ancestral temple for him by the Yichun River in Tonglu, and wrote an article entitled "Mr. Yan's Ancestral Temple", in which there was a poem praising Yan Ziling: "Clouds are grey, rivers and seas are boundless, and a gentleman's virtue is long."
After writing the article, Fan Zhongyan showed it to his friend Li Taibo. After reading it, Li Taibo said: "The words' Yunshan' and' Jiang Shui' are magnificent; Technically speaking, it is very imposing, but it seems awkward to connect it with the following word' de'. How about changing the word' wind'? " After listening to this, Fan Zhongyan recited the poem in a low voice: "Yunshan is gray, the rivers and seas are vast, the gentleman's wind, and the mountains are high."
Sure enough, the taste is very different. "Wind" means "popular in Wan Li" and "forever romantic", so it can better reflect the right.