Appreciation of Tang Poems by Meng Haoran in "Late Moving in Xunyang and Looking at Mount Lu"
Introduction to the Work
"Late Moving in Xunyang and Looking at Mount Lu" is a poem by Meng Haoran, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. Five laws. The first half of this poem is a narrative, with a little glimpse of the scenery and a little emotion, and the writing is ethereal; the second half of the poem is based on feelings and scenery, and uses an ethereal pen to write about the inner emotions. The whole poem is simple, natural, ethereal, and has the flavor of an essay. In the casual writing, it not only outlines the scenery of the country, but also expresses the reclusive feelings of admiring the eminent monk Huiyuan and yearning for a secluded resort.
Original text
Late stay in Xunyang and look at Lushan Mountain 1
I have traveled thousands of miles 2 and have never seen any famous mountains.
Bozhou Xunyangguo 3, the first sight of Xianglu Peak.
Try to read the biography of Yuan Gong 4, and always cherish the traces of the dust 5.
Near Donglin Jingshe, you can hear the bell in the sky at dusk.
Notes
Deyang: Jiangzhou administrative office, present-day Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province.
Hanging seat: Zhang Fan.
Guo: Outer city.
Biography of Master Yuan: "The Biography of Eminent Monks" written by Shi Huijiao of the Liang Dynasty contains the biography of Master Huiyuan of Donglin Temple in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Traces outside the world: Xie Lingyun's "Tiannan Village Garden Rapid Planting and Teaching": "Only open a path to create a trail, and always cherish the trace of the sheep."
Donglin Jingshe: that is, Donglin Temple , in the north of Lushan Valley. Jingshe, where monks live.
Vernacular translation
After thousands of miles of sailing on the river, I didn't even encounter a famous mountain.
When I parked the boat outside Xunyang City, I saw that Xianglu Peak was extraordinary.
I once read the biography of Duke Huiyuan, and his traces will always make me miss him.
Although Donglin Jingshe is right in front of you, you can hear the ringing of the bell in vain.
Creative Background
In May of the 21st year of Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty (733), the poet Meng Haoran returned to Xiangyang from Yuezhou after traveling in Wuyue. When he passed through Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), I wrote this poem while mooring by the river in the evening, looking at Mount Lu, and thinking about ancient times.
Appreciation
The song "Late Park in Xunyang and Looking at Lushan Mountain" begins with the line "I have traveled thousands of miles and haven't seen any famous mountains." The light pen is lightly swayed, and the outline is It depicts a vast expanse of nature and does not detail individual scenes, but leaves plenty of room for imagination for readers. We seem to see the poet's boat passing by countless green mountains on the thousands-mile Yanbo River. The poem has a high starting point. Moreover, "None of the famous mountains have been seen" fully expresses the poet's passionate yearning for famous mountains. Then, "Bozhou Xunyangguo, the first sight of Xianglu Peak" is only lightly touched with the word "beginning to see", which depicts the poet's surprised look when he raised his head and saw Mount Lu rising suddenly in front of his eyes. These four sentences are like flowing clouds and flowing water, flowing straight down and narrating in an ethereal way; but the feelings are implicitly revealed through plain words such as "we have never met" and "we have just met".
The first half of the poem directly expresses the meaning of "looking" at Mount Lu from what is seen in the eyes, while the second half expresses the expression of the word "looking" from what is thought in the mind. Facing the smoke and clouds on Xianglu Peak, the poet's thoughts also wandered. He thought of the eminent monk Huiyuan who once built the "Donglin Jingshe" at the foot of Xianglu Peak and led his disciples to "purify their karma together." He had read Huiyuan's biography and deeply admired and missed the eminent monk's retreat from the worldly world. At this moment, Donglin Jingshe is in front of him, and Yuan Gong has long been an ancient man, so the poet feels melancholy and sentimental. At the end of the poem, a melodious bell came from Donglin Temple in the sunset. The poet's melancholy and nostalgia are expressed more profoundly. Mountain temples all ring bells in the morning and evening, and "Sunset" is the time to "hear the bell", and "hearing the bell" intensifies the atmosphere of "Sunset". Hearing the bell at dusk brings a sense of melancholy and mystery. The word "empty" indicates that the eminent monk has passed away and the bells are ringing in vain, thus conveying the poet's complex emotions such as nostalgia and melancholy. The word "look" does not appear in the last four sentences literally, but the poet's reverie about eminent monks and listening to the evening bell revealed the meaning of "look".
In fact, the so-called "rhyme" and "charm" refer to the poet's use of plain and natural language and highly expressive brushwork to describe scenes and express emotions. Due to the sparse writing and ink, the scenery is vague and invisible, but it contains rich and far-reaching emotions and endless aftertaste. Wang Shizhen and others praised this poem for its "charm", which is enough to be regarded as "a masterpiece" and "ethereal". They mainly appreciate the "empty" and "ancient" charm of Meng Haoran's poem. This poem reveals the poet's admiration for the secluded life and his attempt to transcend the worldly world. In terms of art, the poet uses simple words to convey the spirit of the scenery and characters, express rich affection, and give people a concise and comprehensive, light and mellow taste. , the feeling of clear and far-reaching artistic conception and overflowing charm.
Throughout the whole poem, the momentum is extraordinary, the colors are quiet and plain, and the charm is natural and coherent. The poet uses what he sees, hears and thinks during his "late stay in Xunyang" to express his pursuit of a secluded life.
Appreciation of Tang Poems by Meng Haoran in "Su Jian De Jiang"
Introduction to the Work
"Su Jian De Jiang" is one of the representative works of Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This is a poem depicting the twilight of the Autumn River. It is a famous scene description among the five unique works of the Tang Dynasty. The author docked the boat on the smoky riverside and remembered the past events, so he used the boat to stay at night as a destination to express his emotions, and wrote about the author's thoughts on the journey.
The first sentence points to the topic, and also prepares for the following description of the scenery and emotion; in the second sentence, "sunset" is the reason why "guests are worried about new things"; in the last two sentences, because of "wildness", the sky is lower than the trees, because of "the river is clear" Therefore, the moon can approach people, and the relationship between the sky and trees, and people and the moon is written accurately and realistically. The first two sentences of this poem are about touching the scenery, and the last two sentences are about borrowing the scenery to express emotions. They describe the fresh autumn night and highlight the subtle characteristics of the scenery. The whole poem is light and flavorful, containing but not revealing, flowing out naturally, with natural charm and unique characteristics.
Original text
Stay in Jiande River⑴
Move the boat to Yanzhu⑵, and the guests will worry about the new arrival at sunset⑶.
The trees are low in the open sky, and the clear moon on the river is close to the people.
Notes
⑴Jiande River: refers to a section of the Xin'an River flowing through the west of Jiande (now part of Zhejiang).
⑵ Move the boat: row the boat. Mooring: Stop the boat and dock it. Yanzhu (zhǔ): refers to the small sandbank shrouded in fog in the river. Smoke: one is "secret". Nagisa: A small piece of land in the water. "Erya·Shishui": "The ones that can live in the water are called islands, and the small islands are called Zhu."
(3) Guest: refers to the author himself. Worry: Being homesick and worried.
⑷野: Wilderness. Kuang: vast and vast. Sky low tree: The sky is low and seems to be connected to the trees.
⑸The moon is near people: The moon reflected in the water seems to be approaching people.
Vernacular translation
The boat docked at the misty islet, and at dusk new sorrows came to the minds of the guests.
The wilderness is endless, the sky is lower than the trees, the river is clear and the moon is close to people.
Creative background
Meng Haoran left his hometown for Luoyang in the 18th year of Kaiyuan (730) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and then roamed around Wuyue to relieve his grief and anger after being frustrated in his official career. "Su Jian De Jiang" was written when the author was roaming in Wuyue, and "Asking the Zhouzi" was written during the same period.
Appreciation
This poem does not take the setting of the pedestrians setting off, nor the setting of the boat on the way, but the setting of the boat mooring at dusk. Although it reveals the word "sorrow", it immediately turns to describing the scenery. It can be seen that it is very distinctive in material selection and performance. The poem begins with "Move the boat to dock in Yanzhu". "Move the boat" means to move the boat closer to the shore; "Move" means to park the boat for the night. The boat docked at a hazy islet in the middle of the river. This side is a topic, and the other side also prepares for the description of the scenery and lyricism below.
The second sentence "Sunset makes guests worry about new things". The "Sunset" in the sentence is obviously related to the "moor" and "smoke" in the previous sentence. Because the sun sets, the ship needs to stay; also because of the paragraph in : "A gentleman is at work, but he doesn't know the time, so what's the right time? Chickens are roosting in the pond, the sun is setting, the sheep and cattle are coming down, a gentleman is at work, why should he not think about this?" ("The Book of Songs, Wang Feng, A Gentleman at Service") ) Here is a story about a woman who misses her husband who is serving abroad even more every time the sun sets, the chickens enter the coop, and the cattle and sheep return to the pen.
The sky in the distance appears lower than the nearby trees. "Low" and "wide" are interdependent and set off each other. The fourth sentence writes that night has fallen, and the bright moon hanging high in the sky is reflected in the clear river water. It is so close to the people in the boat. "Near" and "clear" are also interdependent and set off each other. "The sky is wide and the trees are low, the river is clear and the moon is close to people." This very distinctive scenery can only be appreciated by people in the boat. The second sentence of the poem points out "Guests are worried about new things". These three or four sentences are like the poet with a sad heart. In this vast and peaceful universe, after searching up and down, he finally discovered that there is a lone moon at this moment. So close to him. The lonely sorrowful heart seemed to find solace, and the poem came to an abrupt end.
However, although the words have stopped, the meaning has not been exhausted. "In the thirty years of my reign, I have failed to achieve anything in writing or swordsmanship. I look for Wu and Yue in the mountains and rivers, and hate Luo Jing in the dust" ("Zi Luo Zhi Yue"). The poet once rushed to Chang'an with many years of preparation and many years of hope, but now he can only search south for Wuyue with a feeling of abandonment and anger. At this moment, he was alone, facing the vast fields, the long river, the bright moon and the lonely boat, the melancholy of traveling, the longing for his hometown, the frustration of his official career, the disillusionment of his ideals, the ups and downs of life... He couldn't help but feel so many emotions. They come one after another and come to mind. "The river is clear and the moon is near," this picture shows the clear and calm river water, and the bright moon in the water accompanying the poet on the boat; but behind the picture is the poet's sorrow that has flowed into the ocean of thoughts along with the river water. "Human beings are endowed with seven emotions, and they respond to things; feeling things and reciting aspirations is not natural" (Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long·Ming Poems"). Meng Haoran's little poem is precisely in this "natural outflow" of scenes, thoughts and situations harmonious, showing a kind of artistic beauty that is natural, subtle and subtle.
This poem first writes about traveling at night, and then talks about the sadness of sunset; then it writes about the vastness and tranquility of the universe, and the bright moon accompanies people to become closer. One disappears and the other appears, virtual reality alternates with each other. The two phases set off and complement each other, forming a special artistic conception. Although there is only one word "sorrow" in the poem, it vividly describes the poet's inner sorrow. However, the wilderness is vast, the river is clear, and the autumn colors are vividly visible.